功能对等理论的应用 英文.docx

Nida’s Functional Equivalence Theory and ApplicationAbstractIn fact, the essence of Nida’s Functional Equivalence Theory ( F-E Theory ) emphasis that the functional equivalence of information instead of the direct formal equivalence in translation. The relationship between the target language receptor and the target text should generally be equivalent to that between the source language receptor and the source text. This paper presents the translation strategy in the application of proverb and advertisement and help readers use the F-E Theory flexibly. Then, the paper lays a certain foundation for our further translation study.Key WordsFunctional Equivalence Theory ( F-E Theory ) ; Proverb Translation; Advertisement Translation.IntroductionBeing the kernel of the translation theory, Functional Equivalence Theory is proposed by Eugene Nida 一the famous linguist and translator in America. His theories were introduced into China earlier which had a remarkable influence on the translation theoretical circle in 1960s and 1970s. Therefore, F-E Theory not only has a great impact on Chinese translation circle, but also gains a great many comments.1. The essence of Nida’s Functional Equivalence Theory(1) The Foundation of F-E Theory1. Social Linguistics and Communicative Function of Language: Nida put Dynamic Equivalence Theory ( D-E Theory ) forward from the perspective of social linguistics and communicative function of language, which is written in his book, Toward a Science of Translalpiiblished in 1964. Afterwards, he replaced the D-E Theory with F-E Theory, because Function, as a form of communication in translation, which lays emphasis on the contents and results was more rational than Dynamic.2. Chomsky’s transformational and generative grammar ( T-G Grammar ): According to the Surface Structure and Deep Structure of Chomsky ’s T-G Grammar, Nida proposed that translation should mainly reflect the functional equivalence in the deep structure rather than formal correspondence in the surface structure. Thus, the translation text can be basically read, understood and appreciated in an original way.(2 ) The Criterion and Principle of TranslationThe essence of translation is paraphrasing: That is to say, paraphrasing the source text into the target language and make readers understand the meaning of source text through translation. In other words, Nida believes that the contents are more important than the form in translation. However, he also emphasized that although the form is in a second place, it does not mean the insignificance of the form. If form is neglected for the sake of contents, the translation text looks must be tedious and aesthetic feeling of the source text will disappear. On the other hand, if form is overemphasized, literal fidelity cannot be expressed properly. The translation text will be superficial and away from the point.2. The Application of Nida’s Functional Equivalence Theory(1) The Application of F-E Theory in Proverb TranslationProverb is the magnificent treasure in human culture treasury. It is the accumulation and sublimation of various experiences in human’s long-term livelihood and social practice. Therefore, having a good command of using proverb helps people understand the thinking methods as well as the customs and habits of a nation. Then, we use F-E Theory to get a grip of proverb translation.Some English proverbs have no profound meaning or obscure allusion but merely words and phrases combination in a plain and straightforward way. For Example, Health is wealth can be translated into Chinese "健康就是财富"；when three know it, all know it can be translated into Chinese “三人知，天下晓”.This kind of proverbs can be comprehended literally so that word-for-word translation will not bring any problems. However, the other kinds of proverbs have rather distinctive difference in cultural background, thinking pattern, standard of behaviors and lifestyle.According to the difference of culture and lifestyle between China and west, we can easily understand that why the latter is more acceptable than the former one. For this reason, the characteristics of distinctive culture and language and beauty in sound, form and sense can all be expressed through the F-E Theory.(2 ) The Application of F-E Theory in Advertisement TranslationThe style of the ad language is often distinctive and inspiring and it should catch the customers5 attention immediately through its special affection, stimulating people’s desire to buy. Thus, the proper use of ad language makes further influence and much meaning than ad itself. Some ads aphorism spread all over the world and are widely known by every family. To make the commercial ads successful, the impact of the translation of ad language should be equal to the original ad language. We can find out the meaning of the source text from the target language accurately under the instruction of F-E Theory1. The Feature of Advertisement Lan。