酸性条件下白云母的浮选行为研究毕业论文.doc

本科毕业设计（论文）题 目酸性条件下白云母的浮选行为研究学生姓名 学 号院（系）材料与矿资学院专 业指导教师时 间2012年 05 月 26 日 第 50 页 摘 要 我国云母的粗加工原料较多，深加工的产品种类较少，其潜在的价值没有充分体现这便影响了我国的云母资源的合理利用，其广泛的利用前景和巨大的经济价值都难以体现，所以对云母的浮选行为研究便显得尤其重要本课题是对河南某云母矿纯矿物在酸性条件下的浮选行为及机理进行研究 在本次浮选试验中，需要确定在酸性条件下最适合十二胺捕收的pH值；在该pH值下合适的十二胺用量；考虑各种离子以及试剂对十二胺捕收性能的影响，共探讨了十种试剂或离子(氯化钙，水玻璃，氯化镁，氯化铝，氯化铁，六偏磷酸钠，硫酸铜，硝酸铅以及羧甲基纤维素)的影响；最后进行动电电位测试和红外光谱测试试验，通过测试结果来解释浮选机理，以下为试验结论： (1)在酸性条件下，当pH为2时，十二胺的捕收性能最好，云母产率最高，达到了86.25%。

确定pH为2后，当十二胺的用量为160g/t时，云母的产率最高，达到了91.25%，故十二胺的用量采用160g/t (2)对浮选起明显抑制作用的有水玻璃，六偏磷酸钠和羧甲基纤维素；对浮选起轻微抑制作用的有氯化钙，氟硅酸钠，氯化镁，氯化铝，氯化铁；而硫酸铜和硝酸铅的作用则是随着用量的不同，有一定的活化作用3) 动电电位（ξ-电位）测试表明，白云母的零电点在1.6处左右，与十二胺、水玻璃、硝酸铅、氯化钙等试剂作用以后的白云母的动电电位都发生漂移，硝酸铅和氯化钙向着零电点漂移，负电位的绝对值减小，而水玻璃则是远离零电点漂移，正电位增大4) 通过红外光谱测试，可以得出白云母红外光谱谱图上的振动峰包括羟基振动吸收峰，O-Si-O吸收峰，Si-O-Si非对称吸收峰以及Si-O-Si对称振动峰，与十二胺作用后，光谱上除了出现与十二胺对应的胺基，甲基，亚甲基外，还出现了相应基团漂移的现象，这表明十二胺在云母表面的吸附除了物理吸附外，可能还存在化学吸附 (5)本试验可以为现场生产指导理论支持关键词：白云母 酸性条件 可浮性 作用机理 研究ABSTRACT This topic is to study the flotation behavior and mechanism of a Henan white mica minerals in acidic conditions.Raw material of mica in China is more and deep processing of products is in less so its potential value is not fully used, This will affect utilization of mica resources. It is hard to reflect its extensive use prospect and tremendous economic value ,so it's important to study on mica flotation .　　　As the object is to study in pure mica,so I use one separation for flotation, which can reach a higher recovery rate, in the flotation test， need to be identified in acidic conditions the most suitable twelve amine collector pH,in the pH value suitable dosage of dodecylamine, and exploring of calcium chloride, water glass, magnesium chloride,aluminium chloride, ferric chloride,six partial sodium phosphate,copper sulfate, nitrate and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in the flotation results, the following conclusions can be drawn through the flotation test: （1）Under acidic conditions, when pH is 2, dodecylamine in the collection has the best performance reaching the highest rate of crude ore;Determination of pH was 2,when the dosage of dodecylamine is 160g/t, the concentrate yield is the highest, reaching 91.25%, so the content of dodecylamine is 160g/t; (2) Consideration of various ions and drugs on dodecylamine collector performance influence,we discussed ten kinds of medicament or ion effects, come to the conclusion: on the flotation on the inhibitory effect of a water glass, six partial sodium phosphate and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; on the flotation slight inhibition of calcium chloride, sodium fluoride, magnesium chloride, aluminium chloride, ferric chloride and copper sulfate and nitrate; the effect is with the dosage of different activation, also had an inhibitory effect.(3) The electric potential test, we can find the point of zero charge of mica is in around 1.6, and dodecylamine, water glass, lead nitrate, calcium chloride reagent after the mica electric potential is changed, lead nitrate and calcium chloride to the point of zero charge migration, and water glass is from the point of zero charge migration.(4) The infrared spectrum testing, can draw ore infrared spectroscopy on the vibration peak has hydroxyl vibration absorption, the absorption peak of O-Si-O, Si-O-Si asymmetric absorption peak and Si-O-Si symmetric vibration peak, and dodecylamine, spectrum in addition to appear with dodecylamine corresponding amine, methyl, methylene, there are other groups vibration absorption peak, and There is a corresponding group drift phenomenon，indicating that dodecylamine on the mica surface adsorption in addition to physical adsorption on the external, the possible existence of chemical adsorption.(5) The test could support in theory for on-site production guidance .Key words: White mica Acidic conditions Flotability Mechanism Research目录摘 要 2ABSTRACT 3第1章 绪 论 71.1 云母矿资源概况及性质 71.2 云母的开发利用现状及发展趋势 91.2.1云母的开发利用现状 91.2.2 云母的选别研究现状 101.2.3云母的消费发展趋势 111.3研究目的及内容 121.4课题研究意义 12第2章 试验原料、试剂及设备 132.1 试验原料 132.2化学试剂 152.3试验仪器设备 152.4试验主要方法 16第3章 选矿试验研究 173.1 试验流程 173.2 不同PH条件值试验 183.3 十二胺用量试验 193.4 水玻璃对浮选结果的影响 203.5六偏磷酸钠对浮选结果的影响 203.6 氯化钙对浮选结果的影响 213.7 羧甲基纤维素对浮选结果的影响 233.8 氟硅酸钠对浮选结果的影响 233.9 氯化镁对浮选结果的影响 243.10 氯化铝对浮选结果的影响 253.11 氯化铁对浮选结果的影响 253.12硫酸铜对浮选结果的影响 263.13 硝酸铅对浮选结果的影响 273.14 本章小结 27第4章 白云母浮选机理分析 284.1 十二胺捕收机理分析 284.1.1 十二胺的溶液化学 284.1.2 十二胺的作用机理分析 304.1.3 十二胺在白云母表面的吸附状态 324.2 金属阳离子对云母可浮性的影响及分析 354.2.1十二胺体系中CaCl2的影响机理 364.2.2 十二胺体系中AlCl3的影响机理 374.2.3 。