
before的用法.doc
5页before作为连词的用法 其基本含义是“在……之前”,又可以根据不同语境灵活翻译成“才”、“还没来得及就……”、“趁……”、“就”等具体用法如下: ⒈)与情态动词can/could连用 这时候从句虽为肯定形式,根据汉语表达习惯译成“还没来得及就”, 目的在于强调从句动作发生之前,主句动作已发生如: Before I could get in a word,he had measured me. 我还没来得及插话他就为我量好了尺寸 Before she could move,she heard a loud noise,which grew to a terribl eroar. 她还没来得及迈步,就听见一声巨响,接着就是可怕的隆隆轰鸣 ⒉)用于肯定句中强调主句所表达的时间,距离长,或花费的精力大,译成“才” We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw lands. 我们航行了四天四夜才看到陆地 We waited a long time before the train arrived. 我们等了很长时间火车才到。
⒊)用于否定句中,强调主句所表达的时间,距离短,或花费的精力小,译成“不到……就”如: We hadn‘t run a mile before he felt tired. 我们跑了还不到一英里他就累了 ⒋)主句含有hardly,scarcely等半否定副词时可以译为“刚……就” 这时候主句应用过去完成时态,从句用过去时,还可以用when替代before如: We had scarcely reached the school before/when the bell rang. 我们刚到学校铃声就响了 ⒌)有时还有“宁愿”的意思 I‘d shoot myself before I apologized to him.我宁死也不向他道歉 ⒍)用于It+be/take+时间段+before句型 在这一句型中又可以根据主从句的时态分成两种情况 若主句是一般时将来时态,从句是一般现在时.若主句是肯定句意思是“要过多长时间才”;若主句是否定形式翻译成“用不了多久就” It will be two weeks before everything returns to normal. 两周之后一切才能恢复正常。
It will be many years before the situation improves. 这种状况或许要过许多年才能得以改善 It won‘t be long before we meet again.用不了多久我们就会再见面的 这时若主句是一般过去时从句也是一般过去时若主句是肯定句翻译成“多长时间之后才”,若主句是否定形式翻译成“没过多久就”如: It was some time before I realized the truth. 过了很长一段时间我才了解到真相 It wasn‘t long before she became a brave solider. 没过多久她就成了一名勇敢的战士 After that it still took seven years before they got married. 他们又过了七年才结婚 注意:当主句的谓语动词为延续性动词时,before与until有时可以互换It was an hour before/until the police arrived.7.)和其它相似句型的区别 有时候before引导的时间状语从句与since,when引导的时间状语从句在下列结构中较相似,容易混淆。
It be +时间段 + since引导的时间状语从句”表示“自从……已经有多长时间了”主句用一般现在时或现在完成时如: It’s two years since we arrived here.我们到这两年了It be +时间点 +when引导的时间状语从句”表示“某个动作发生时,是某个时间”主句谓语动词可以是一般过去时,也可以是一般将来时如: It’s Dec 18 when I was born. 我出生于12月18号8.)before long和long before的区别before long意为“不久,很快”(其中before是介词,long是名词),常在句中作状语,多与动词的过去时或将来时连用例如: The work will be finished before long. 工作不久就会完成 long before意为“很久以前”(其中long是副词long before单独使用时,before是介词;long before后接从句时,before是连词这个词组常与过去时或过去完成时连用,跟从句时也可用在一般现在时的句子中例如: She said that she had heard of it long before. 她说她早就听说过此事。
It will be long before he arrives. 还要等很久他才能到达 before引导的从句不再用否定式的谓语,并且当before引导的从句位于主句之后,有时译成“就,才”还要注意主句和从句之间的时间关系当主句用将来时,从句总是用现在时;如果before引导的从句谓语用的是过去时,则主句动词多用过去完成时,这样以便体现动作发生的先后After表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后主句和从句的动作的时间关系正好与before引导的从句相反练习 ⒈(2004天津)It was evening ________ we reached the little town of Winchester. A . that B.until C.since D.when 2.(2004全国)Several weeks had gone by ________ we realized the painting was missing. A.as B.before C.since D.when 3.(2005广东)The America Civil War lasted four years ______ the North won in the end. A.after B.before C.when D.then 4.(2005山东)It was some time _______ we realized the truth. A.when B.until C.since D.before 5.(2006四川)-Why didn‘t you tell him about the meeting? -He rushed out of the classroom _______ I could say a word. A.before B.until C.when D.after 6.(2006福建)-How long do you think it will be __ china sends a manned spaceship to the moon? -Perhaps two or three years. A.when B.until C.that D.before 参考答案:DBBDAD。












