【最新】考研英语真题.doc

考研英语真题 考研英语真题 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following te_t. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (_ points) People have speculated for centuries about a future without work .Today is no different, with academics, writers, and activists once again 1 that technology be replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by 2 . A few wealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland. A different and not mutually e_clusive 3 holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort, one 4 by purposelessness: Without jobs to give their lives 5 , people will simply become lazy and depressed. 6 , today’s unemployed don’t seem to be having a great time. One Gallup poll found that _ percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression, double the rate for 7 Americans. Also, some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality, mental-health problems, and addicting 9 poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many _ the agonizing dullness of a jobless future. But it doesn’t _ follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease. Such visions are based on the _ of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the _ of work, a society designed with other ends in mind could _ strikingly different circumstanced for the future of labor and leisure. Today, the _ of work may be a bit overblown. 〝Many jobs are boring, degrading, unhealthy, and a waste of human potential,〞 says John Danaher, a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway. These days, because leisure time is relatively _ for most workers, people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional _ of their jobs. 〝When I come home from a hard day’s work, I often feel _ ,〞 Danaher says, adding, 〝In a world in which I don’t have to work, I might feel rather different〞—perhaps different enough to throw himself _ a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for _ matters. 1.[A] boasting [B] denying [C] warning [D] ensuring 2.[A] inequality [B] instability [C] unreliability [D] uncertainty 3.[A] policy [B]guideline [C] resolution [D] prediction 4.[A] characterized [B]divided [C] balanced [D]measured 5.[A] wisdom [B] meaning [C] glory [D] freedom 6.[A] Instead [B] Indeed [C] Thus [D] Nevertheless 7.[A] rich [B] urban [C]working [D] educated 8.[A] e_planation [B] requirement [C] compensation [D] substitute 9.[A] under [B] beyond [C] alongside [D] among _.[A] leave behind [B] make up [C] worry about [D] set aside _.[A] statistically [B] occasionally [C] necessarily [D] economically _.[A] chances [B] downsides [C] benefits [D] principles _.[A] absence [B] height [C] face [D] course _.[A] disturb [B] restore [C] e_clude [D] yield _.[A] model [B] practice [C] virtue [D] hardship _.[A] tricky [B] lengthy [C] mysterious [D] scarce _.[A] demands [B] standards [C] qualities [D] threats _.[A] ignored [B] tired [C] confused [D] starved _.[A] off [B] against [C] behind [D] into _.[A] technological [B] professional [C] educational [D] interpersonal Section II Reading Comprehension Te_t 2 With so much focus on children’s use of screens, it’s easy for parents to forget about their own screen use. 〝Tech is designed to really suck on you in,〞 says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play, 〝and digital products are there to promote ma_imal engagement. It makes it hard to disengage, and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine. 〞 Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing e_ercise. She found that mothers who sued devices during the e_ercise started _ percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children. During a separate observation, she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family. Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making e_cited bids for their attention. Infants are wired to look at parents’ faces to try to understand their world, and if those faces are blank and unresponsive—as they often are when absorbed in a device—it can be e_tremely disconcerting foe the children. Radesky cites the 〝still face e_periment〞 devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the _70s. In it, a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank e_pression and not giving them any visual social feedback; The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mother’s attention. 〝Parents don’t have to be e_quisitely parents at all times, but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sens。