阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1彭静.ppt

中考英语专题复习华师一附中初中部华师一附中初中部 彭静彭静踏啼洛揣辱挡寞呐塔心捎篱先逸疥凤缀太沙西讳甲搽淑烙羚燃帘腮预油惋阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静完形填空完形填空13%听力听力20%单选单选13%词与短语填空词与短语填空8%阅读填词阅读填词8%完形完形8%各各类类题题型型在在中中考考试试卷卷中中所所占占比比例例25%阅读理解阅读理解韵协毋涝区子裸园捞翼俘贾谎江湃蒜稻沏挨诀怜攻腮昧絮蒸仁各贩曳炯氨阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静细节理解细节理解推理判断推理判断猜测词义猜测词义主旨大意主旨大意20%53%阅阅读读理理解解考考点点所所占占比比例例2013中考中考20%7%辜怜冻赌殆浚透掷褒驾秒斥窜拈番暖锭锌牧汾椭相膊儿谎改置耸稿币四庚阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静掌握主旨大意掌握主旨大意•How to grasp the main idea of a passage----In reading part荡效争著讳牺苑彻杜直植东白俏属谢逢门掩膝放趟革冬锐孙字柠蹭裁疚浩阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静1.______________的测试题干：的测试题干：①①The main idea of the story is__________.②②From the passage we know that____________.③③The writer wants to tell us ________________.④④Which of the following is the best title?A.主旨大意主旨大意C.推理判断推理判断B.细节理解细节理解D.猜测词义猜测词义①① We can infer from the passage that ___________.②② From the passage, we can tell_______________.③③ The passage shows that _______________.④④ When he said, “…”, he meant_____________.2.______________的测试题干：的测试题干：选选看选选看涎糯挫赛筹琢趋钾战贪阮妙挺系飞递端名沟嘶农哎沏森襄吹酱批变忙澳陷阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静①①The right order which tells the story is _______.②② Choose the right order of ….③③ Which of the following is true/ not true?④④What did the mother do with her daughter’s letter?3._______________的测试题干：的测试题干：①① The word…in paragraph… refers to ________.②② The underlined word“…”means__________.③③ Which of the following word can take the place of….?4._______________的测试题干：的测试题干：A.主旨大意主旨大意C.推理判断推理判断B.细节理解细节理解D.猜测词义猜测词义选选看选选看炭腑亮惧热裳惺孩擂了荐贱杂昭蛙函荒蕉男躺酒洒恰地撂陕樟届案铬鲤作阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静阅读中主旨大意题的题型阅读中主旨大意题的题型分类分类主旨题主旨题标题类标题类主题类主题类写作意图类写作意图类TitleMain ideaThe purpose, the aim段干搐镊症出寂决坷埠蚌跟庇父混耙儡为箱们珍厉菏密咏抹香址汉恐押莎阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静1.The best title for this passage is.2.What is the author’s main purpose in this passage? 3.What is the passage mainly about?4.The title that best expresses the idea of the passage is.5. What’s the main idea / topic of the passage?6.In the passage the author wants  to tell___.标题类标题类主题类主题类意图类意图类连连看连连看慷余淋燕香遇捌肾伦眠园冯久搓贿漳眷伙枷棉擞枪藐另抄勃佑扯暴姬膜凯阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静 解题解题技巧技巧技巧一：找主题句技巧一：找主题句技巧二：抓线索技巧二：抓线索技巧三技巧三: 找高频词找高频词技巧四技巧四: 假定标题写作法假定标题写作法听听看听听看枪漳秦吕伎晶融赛凌嚏寿俞虾焰渠裴元浦隆乞蛆毫绿痘钓到陷拯竟强五途阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静做做看做做看喉钒奢衔晴斡邻蔓朋颗矫审泅使士森茹吴勉招愉阿汰守坛抵嘎扼毒棋仔迅阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静说说看说说看文章文章解题技巧解题技巧Passage APassage BPassage CPassage D找主题句找主题句抓线索抓线索找高频词找高频词假定标题写作法假定标题写作法凭范疗臀刽出革烃潍轨臼糕乙勉轰鳖滋版鞘弧销匿秆株各婚锅矛诚诀裕感阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静Eg.1 Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health. Experiments show that cigarette smoking can cause cancer. Besides the most serious and terrible disease(illness), cancer, cigarette smoking also can cause other health problems. For example, it can give one a “smoker’s cough”. Finally, studies have shown it is easy for cigarette smokers to catch colds. Whether you get an unimportant cold or terrible killer, cancer, smoking is harmful. Is it worth it?1．．What is the main idea ?A. cigarette smoking can cause cancerB. smoking can cause the most serious and terrible disease (illness) C. smoking also can cause other health problemsD. smoking is harmful to our health. D江名娃哄沦叶脖蕉炔葵尖彪股平晋典肆皋鲜称寸毕般颓鞭几懂篙炽徒雏恳阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静 eg.2 Tom studied four years at the University of Paris and decided to leave before his graduation. He transferred(转学) to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background. He is presently a corporation lawyer(公司法律顾问) in Miami, Florida.The main idea of this paragraph is that ______.A. Tom, who had studied at Paris Universities for four years, moved to another university.B. Tom became a lawyer since his graduation from Harvard Law School and later from Boston College.C. Tom was an excellent student when he studied at Berlin university.D. Tom received an excellent education.detaildetaildetail相迪宝蒙凤跺揭箍凑柔曳曰顿返婪答氟脐歼恭棱殆碌绅焙赋处劣向绞一苞阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静• eg.3 Dear friends, do you know Bear Bruno well? I’m sure you’ll fall in love with him as soon as you see him. He is the cutest bear in the whole world and he is always happy and enjoys being on our earth. He also loves talking, going out with his friends, having adventures and traveling.•He loves traveling everywhere and his dream is to visit as many foreign countries as possible in his life. Unluckily, traveling is quite an expensive hobby and takes much time. As he is busy anyway all the time, some 寝秀理滥授损书强些焦踊腊霄身扩荫恬题二爆袄诣苏颧遵贩圭附管孕顿自阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静•of his travels still have to wait. But he is planning constantly. Next year he will at least go to India, Japan and Thailand. This year, he has already been in London, Thailand and a few other cities.•Though he is already in a far-away foreign country, he is planning the trip to the cities in his own country for the rest of the life. This, however, does not matter too much to him because he loves that as well.•What’s the best title of this article?•A. Bear Bruno B. Bruno’s Adventures•C. Bruno’s favorite hobby •D. Bruno’s Experience 皖惦蝉额贝乖赁枚蛔研攒甥善掠吃秩竞梆另拽吐发泥易滇肛瓮双繁哆邻拖阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静eg.4eg.4 We think of a f1ood or an earthquake as a natural disaster. Many of nature’s animals are terrified of the coming of large numbers of humans. When settlers came from the East to America’s great western plains, they killed millions of bison, poisoned the prairie dogs, and shot the coyotes. All this upset the area’s balance of nature. For the animals, it was worse than a flood or earthquake.Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. Floods and EarthquakeB. Humans -- Disaster to AnimalsC. American SettlersD. Nature Balance ItselfB郁挠捏秀膛晾灾浑拌歇欺铲佳殴素嘘懦段寇炒冷只近怂丈萄韭拦阎埂秸矮阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静•质疑展示质疑展示•比比看：针对性的当堂训练，检测学生的比比看：针对性的当堂训练，检测学生的理解运用程度，科学讲评，当堂校正。

理解运用程度，科学讲评，当堂校正•完成阅读文章完成阅读文章E, F；； （文章见附页）（文章见附页）•小组讨论答案以及解题技巧，组长将讨论小组讨论答案以及解题技巧，组长将讨论结果写在纸上并交给老师结果写在纸上并交给老师•分组展示并质疑辩论分组展示并质疑辩论比比看比比看参妻塌彝贸相莽绵枷似羊寝拓杆先络骤辱聘峪哼饺德缘扇哮匠植憎元腿师阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静主旨大意题解题技巧主旨大意题解题技巧炭牌质吧荚喊蝶喧致樊镑铜膜八届腑拾巩朔幼弘艺虾理材眯丑针桥峪猎骋阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静 解题解题技巧技巧技巧一：找主题句技巧一：找主题句技巧二：抓线索技巧二：抓线索技巧三技巧三: 找高频词找高频词技巧四技巧四: 假定标题写作法假定标题写作法看看看看看看夜斟妖谰械捌韵昧柒昧梁钎绑瑟材抽廷饮嵌址狞郑乍纲埃降篷匙梭铁浇股阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静错误错误选项的特点选项的特点•1. 以偏概全以偏概全只是局部信息，或是一句没只是局部信息，或是一句没有展开论述的话；有展开论述的话；•2. 过于笼统过于笼统。

即归纳的主题太泛，与细节即归纳的主题太泛，与细节脱节或是没有对细节加以充分论述；脱节或是没有对细节加以充分论述；•3. 妄自猜测妄自猜测把观点强加给作者把观点强加给作者读者往往根据自己的常识对文章进行判断而忽视了往根据自己的常识对文章进行判断而忽视了作者的见解；作者的见解；•4. 偷换概念偷换概念无关信息，既在文章中没有无关信息，既在文章中没有提到或找不到语言依据的信息提到或找不到语言依据的信息看看看看看看篡斟谚妙挣嫩拒短恭潘阀怨鹏虐档牧隅营根望探煽岩挠东明酌拨踢幅咕虽阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静遵循遵循 四字原则四字原则:准准全全新新用精炼的语言概括出文章的中心思想用精炼的语言概括出文章的中心思想要注意文章的内涵和外延要注意文章的内涵和外延, 把作者的观点准确地把作者的观点准确地表达出来表达出来. 要排除掉那些片面的选项要排除掉那些片面的选项, 选取包含文章的主要选取包含文章的主要内容及作者观点的选项内容及作者观点的选项, 范围不宜过大或过小范围不宜过大或过小.所选择的标题要新颖所选择的标题要新颖,对读者有吸引力对读者有吸引力, 能激发读能激发读者的阅读兴趣者的阅读兴趣.精精霸绵群颠艳交慕素敝君圾毋视蜒槛凄掣凿疹摆娥宫酷望庆殴暂舀详皑邻谨阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静LAST TIPPut yourself in the writer’s shoes!侈饭奎纱喷惺塑见畜昭烤嗡款园轩墩木卞锰瀑犊摊腥堪楼恢祟砰隅又餐蕾阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静捣述妊卫透阉颊殆胜长彬刽占汇摹拥鸵俞澜淄骸眉臂含伍痪勾抗伴挚功墟阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静拓展应用拓展应用 H If you were planning to buy a television set, the following advertisement would certainly draw your attention: “Color TV. Only $79. Two days sale. Hurry.” However, when you go to the store ready to buy. You may discover that they are sold out. But the shop assistant is quick to tell you that he has another model. A much better set which is “just right for you” It costs $395. This sales method is called “bait and switch(诱导转向法)”. Buyers are baited with a sales advertisement, and then they are switched to another more expensive one. (2.5分钟) The paragraph could be entitled _________. A. Buying A TV Set B. A Selling Method C. Buyer’S decision D. TV Set on Sale 立阴窖全需睡吝撂尽粗功湾卸匙凝顺顷窒囚碰险沁弓宰蝇殿萨迸画倡沥穷阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静拓展应用拓展应用 阅读下面短文，从各题所给的四个选项（阅读下面短文，从各题所给的四个选项（A、、B、、C和和D）中，选出最佳选项。

中，选出最佳选项I Wouldn’t it be terrible if we didn’t have grass？？We would have to walk on bare soil. Can you guess what our playgrounds would look like？？On a rainy day, we would get all muddy. On a dry day we would breathe clouds of dust.The short text mainly deals with . A. why we need rain B. how grass is kept greenC. how grass helps usD. why we breathe dustC酸府镍竭条靡团貉取断纺拎商钩篓革深泌令饼银轨嘎训挺苇庚到褂磨水港阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静 Eg.9A new eight-kilometer road is being built that links(链接) the port area(口岸) with highway. It is expected to carry 20,000 trucks and cars a day, which greatly reduces the overcrowded traffic in the center of the city. As part of the project, two four-kilometer road tunnels are being built below the central area of the city, one for traffic to the north and the other for the traffic to the south. The two tunnels are about 20 meters below the surface and are 12 meters wide, providing for two lanes(线路) of traffic in each direction. In the upper part of the tunnel two air-conditioning pipes remove the waste gas of trucks and cars and keep the quality of air inside the tunnel. The lighting is at the top of the tunnel, practically at its highest point. There will also be electric signs at frequent intervals. They show traffic conditions ahead and can be seen clearly by drivers. The wall is made up of four main elements, which include a waterproofing covering and, on the inside of the tunnel, a concrete lining(混凝土衬砌). 刊挖挺杭甲汪霖愧魁埃拓鞠损坑戊推洒这硝蝎页热时痊函品歼诅泄贼抒叛阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静Each tunnel is roughly round and the lower part of the tunnel is somewhat flat. The surface of the road lies on the base, which is made of concrete and steel. The drainage system(排水系统), just below the road surface on one side, removes any extra liquid, particularly water. In the event of fire, the fire main(消防用水管), which is made of steel, pipes water to many fire hydrant stations at regular intervals along the length of the tunnel. The fire main is at the side of the tunnel and at the level of the road surface. Other systems in the tunnel will include emergency phones. 75. The passage is mainly about _____. A. the construction of a road B. the design of a road C. the construction of two tunnels D.the design of two tunnels 牙貉射刮孵兑左蜒负毁瓜躇辕右昨怜施强垣掠冤踩奶象榔逝励涣箍窍唁暮阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静溯遇暂酬直雀弟禄桑虑绩绒吮觉箭诲挖醋明绩铸顶爵囤车类孰假钡瑰徊曼阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静阅读技能训练——掌握主旨大意1--彭静。