2013年考研英语一答案解析35479.doc

2013年考研英语一答案解析2013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题详解Section Ⅰ Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choosethe best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET1. (10 points)　　People are, on the whole, poor at considering background information when making individual decisions. At first glance this might seem like a strength that 1 the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by 2 factors. But Dr. Uri Simonsohn speculated that an inability to consider the big 3 was leading decision-makers to be biased by the daily samples of information they were working with. 4 , he theorised that a judge 5 of appearing too soft 6 crime might be more likely to send someone to prison 7 he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to probation on that day.　　To 8 this idea, he turned to the university-admissions process. In theory, the 9 of an applicant should not depend on the few others 10 randomly for interview during the same day, but Dr Simonsohn suspected the truth was 11 .　　He studied the results of 9,323 MBA interviews, 12 by 31 admissions officers. The interviewers had 13 applicants on a scale of one to five. This scale 14 numerous factors into consideration. The scores were 15 used in conjunction with an applicant's score on the Graduate Management Admission Test, or GMAT, a standardised exam which is 16 out of 800 points, to make a decision on whether to accept him or her.　　Dr Simonsohn found if the score of the previous candidate in a daily series of interviewees was 0.75 points or more higher than that of the one 17 that, then the score for the next applicant would 18 by an average of 0.075 points. This might sound small, but to 19 the effects of such a decrease a candidate would need 30 more GMAT points than would otherwise have been 20 .　　1.[A] grant [B] submits [C] transmits [D] delivers　　2.[A] minor [B]objective [C] crucial [D] external　　3.[A] issue [B] vision [C] picture [D] moment　　4.[A] For example [B] On average [C] In principle [D] Above all　　5.[A] fond [B]fearful [C] capable [D] thoughtless　　6.[A] in [B] on [C] to [D] for　　7.[A] if [B]until [C] though [D] unless　　8.[A] promote [B]emphasize [C] share [D] test　　9.[A] decision [B] quality [C] status [D] success　　10.[A] chosen [B]stupid [C]found [D] identified　　11.[A] exceptional [B] defensible [C] replaceable [D] otherwise　　12.[A] inspired [B]expressed [C] conducted [D] secured　　13.[A] assigned [B]rated [C] matched [D] arranged　　14.[A] put [B]got [C]gave [D] took　　15.[A]instead [B]then [C] ever [D] rather　　16.[A]selected [B]passed [C] marked [D] introduced　　17.[A]before [B] after [C] above [D] below　　18.[A] jump [B] float [C] drop [D] fluctuate　　19.[A]achieve [B]undo [C] maintain [D]disregard　　20. [A] promising [B] possible [C] necessary [D] helpful　　答案：　　1-5: ADCAB　　6-10: BADDA　　11-15: DCBDB　　16-20: CACBC　　答案详解：　　2013年的完型填空是一篇选自《经济学人》名为A Question of Judgment的文章。

讲述的是有关判断的问题这类文章出现在今年的考研真题中，符合考研英语历年的出题形式但是考生在没有掌握单词基本知识和解题技巧的情况下也会感到很困难　　相较于2012年的完型来说，今年的考题适中考查的词汇部分涉及到名词、动词、形容词和介词其中，动词考查的频率最高，占完型部分考题的35%第4、7、15和17题考察了逻辑连接题，占完型题目的20%考生要在掌握上下文结构的基础上准确完成这类考题其次，在文章考查点里有两处涉及到了后置定语的语法知识，即第5和第10题一处是形容词加介词构成后置定语，一处是过去分词作后置定语，而这两点在跨考一阶的讲义中，各位语法老师已经跟考生们专门讲解过后期陆陆续续的阅读和写作课里，也是反复提到的语法点　　遵循以往完型填空的结构形式，今年的考题仍然秉承了总分的结构第一段引出话题并介绍Dr. Simonsohn 的观点第二、三、四段具体介绍了Dr. Simonsohn为证明理论采取的实验以及最后的发现而且在文章第一句话就给出了整篇文章的中心主线—People are, on the whole, poor at considering background information when making individual decisions.　　总之2013年的考题在日常强调的“单词加技巧等于高分”的解题方式下，定会被迎刃而解。

　　1. [标准答案] [A]　　[考点分析] 上下文语义和词汇辨析　　[选项分析] 本题考查动词根据上下文意思，首先可以排除[B]和[D]这句话中 that 引导一个定语从句，主要是说这一优势赋予了一种特定的能力[C]中transmit 为 传播，不符合上下文意思　　2. [标准答案] [D]　　[考点分析] 上下文语义　　[选项分析] which are unbiased 这个定语从句做插入语修饰 judgment这句话的意思是“通过XXX因素作出公正判决的能力”，由此可以排除[A] 和 [B]做这一题时，我们需要理解第一句话，给我们提供了一个大的背景和条件第一句话说“人们不擅长利用背景信息作决定”，所以可以推出这儿并不是“通过关键信息”来做出公正的判决，而是通过其它一些信息，如外部的信息，作出判决根据上下文意思，可以推出 [D] 为正确答案　　3. [标准答案] [C]　　[考点分析] 上下文语义和固定搭配　　[选项分析] big picture 是一个固定搭配，指(事情的)主要部分;重点，故选[A]其它词语与big 搭配，均没有这层意思　　4. [标准答案] [A]　　[考点分析] 逻辑衔接题　　[选项分析] 根据上下文的逻辑关系判断，在提出一个观点之后，接下来就是进行例证。

选项中只有[A] 表示“例如”，符合这一逻辑关系，故选[A][B]表示“平均”的意思;[C]为“大体上，原则上”;[D] 为“首先”，均不符合　　5. [标准答案] [B]　　[考点分析] 上下文语义和词汇辨析　　[选项分析] 这四个选项均可以与介词 of 搭配，[A] 表示“喜欢”， [B] 表示“害怕，恐怕”， [C] 表示“能够，具有…能力”， [D] 表示“轻率的，考虑不周的”of 后面的短语作 judge 的定语，这句话意思是“XXX地显得对犯罪太过软弱的法官可能更倾向于给被告作出判刑的判决”根据上下文的意思，可以排除 [A] 和 [D]而“显得对犯罪太过软弱”显然不是某种能力，故可以排除[C] 选项根据上下文意思，害怕显得过于软弱的法官，才会更倾向于作出较严厉的判决故选[B]　　6. [标准答案] [B]　　[考点分析] 介词搭配　　[选项分析] soft on sb/sth 是一个固定搭配词组，表示“对某人/某事态度偏软，不够严厉”的意思，故选[B]　　7.标准答案A　　考点分析 逻辑衔接题　　选项分析 前半句含义是“一个担心自己会犯罪行为上表现的过分软弱的法官可能会判人入狱”，后半句含义是“当天他已经判五到六个人缓刑”两句间的逻辑关系明显为假设。

A if 表示假设“如果”B until “直到C though “然而”，表转折D unless “除非”，表让步前半句是结果主句，后半句是一个假设条件，所以选C　　8.标准答案 D考点分析 上下文语义及动词辨析　　选项分析 本句话是说要进行试验来验证观点空格后的名词idea作宾语，对决定动词十分关键　　动词意思应为“测试”A promote “促进”B emphasize “强调”C share “分享”D test “测试”只有D 选项和“观点”搭配，符合语境　　9.标准答。