限制性定语从句.doc

限制性定语从句【知识归纳】1. 由 that 和 which 引导的定语从句一般情况下， that 和 which 在从句中作主语或宾语，都可指物，二者可以互 换;that也可以指人，可以代替 who或whom但不能作介词的宾语如：These are the workers who / whom/ that he employs. I found that the things which/ that looked like beans were chickens.【考例 1】The old town has narrow streets and small houses are built close toeach other.（2011 山东） A. they B. where C. what D. that【解析】B先行词是物，且从句中缺少主语，故用 that考例 2】I refuse to accept the blame for something was someone else 's fault.（2010 全国?） A. who B. that C. as D. what【解析】B。

当先行词是不定代词或被不定代词、形容词最高级、序数词等修 饰时，常用 that 引导 2. 关系代词 who, whom, whose 引导的定语从句在定语从句中作主语时，用 who/ that ，不可省略;在定语从句中作宾语时，用 whom/ who/ that，可以省略；在定语从句中作定语时，用 whose,不可省略如：Anyone who comes here first will be served well. 【考例 3】The prize will go to the writer story shows the most imagination.（2011 全国 I） A. that B. which C. whose D. what 【解析】C从句中的 story缺少定语，用whose修饰3. “介词，关系代词”引导定语从句1）当介词放在关系代词的前面时，关系代词只能用 which或whom且不省略如:I intend to make friends with some Russians from whom I can improve my Russian.【考例 4】Gun control is a subject Americans have argued for a long time.（2009 陕西） A. of which B. with whichC. about which D. into which【解析】G先行词指物，关系词在从句中作介词的宾语，介词与从句谓语动 词构成搭配 argue about sth. 。

（2） 当介词位于定语从句末尾时，可用 that/ which（ 指物 ） 和 that/ who/ whom（ 指人） 作介词的宾语，且作介词宾语的关系代词 可以省略如 :This is the house （that/which） my father used to live in.【考例 5】The house I grew up has been taken down and replaced by an office building.（2009 江西 ）A. in it B. in C. in that D. in which 【解析】B主语 the house 后面紧跟的是定语从句 I grew up in ，其中省去了先行词 which/ that 4. when, where, why 等关系副词引导的定语从句⑴ 当先行词在定语从句中作状语时，要用关系副词其中 when相当于“表示时间的介词，which”，where相当于“表示地点的介词， which ， why相当于“表原因的介词for，which”如：This is the reason why I do not give away my lands. She showed methe building where she had once worked as an elevator operator.(2) 对关系副词 where 的考查，近几年的高考试题由“明显的地点”转为“模 糊化了的地点”。

当先行词是 business, case, situation, stage, occasion, point, race, life 等名词，且从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语时，定语从句的引 导词一般用 where考例 6】I have reached a point in my life I am supposed to make decisions of my own.(2009 浙江 )A. which B. where C. how D. why 【解析】 B where 引导的定语从句修饰先行词 point 强化训练】用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空1. This is the company I referred to in my report.2. — Where did you find Mr. Black?— It is in the library he studied.3. I enjoyed very much the three years it had taken me to studyEnglish at school.4. Australia is one of the countries people drive on the left.5. Do you still remember the shoe factory we visited three weeks ago?6. The red house windows face west belongs to Mr. King.7. Peter Green is a brilliant, hardworking student will be successful no matter what career hechooses.8. Can you think of a situation this new word can be used? 参考答案 :1. which/ that 2. where 3. which/ that 4. where 5. that/ which 6. whose 7. who 8. where。