Unit2--The-Company-Man.ppt

Unit2--The-Company-ManUnit2--The-Company-ManType A & Type B Personality•Friedman and Rosenman (1959) conducted studies on the link between stress and heart disease. One of the outcomes was the discovery of Type A and Type B personalities. Type A•People who are classified as having Type A personality have characteristics like: highly active, competitive, aggressive, hostile, impatient, fast talking and thinking. Type A•They have a sense of time urgency, find it difficult to relax, and often become impatient and angry when they get delayed (or if they are going to be late) or are around other people whom they view as incompetent. It is assumed that Type A people tend to have more risk of heart disease than Type B people. Type B People who are classified as having Type B personality are better at relaxing without feeling guilty and working without becoming anxious or agitated. Some of the other characteristics include being more relaxed about time (they don't get overly stressed about being late), and are not easily angered.Type B•You probably know people who just seemed to be relaxed people who don’t get angry often; these are the characteristics of a Type B. They are the opposite of Type A people.•                        Type O Type O Blood people are said to set the mood for a group and to take on the role of creating harmony among its members. Their image is one of taking it easy, of being peaceful and carefree. They are also thought to be big-hearted and benevolent, and they tend to spend money on others generously. Type O•O Types are generally "loved by all." But, they also, surprisingly, have a stubborn and strong-willed side, as well, and tend to secretly have their own opinions on things. On the other hand, they have the flexible, adaptable side of readily accepting new things. They are easily influenced by other people or by what they see on TV. They seem to appear level-headed and trustworthy, but they often slip and make big blunders inadvertently. But that is also the point that makes O Types lovable. •Which do you generally belong to, Type A , Type B or Type O personality?•What effect does your personality bring about to your life?What do you know about workaholism?Workaholism•Workaholism is a modern addiction. Many people have been afflicted by it. •The cause of workaholism is that professional achievements are tied up with self-image. Structure of “workaholism”•The phenomenon is so widespread and its social consequences so damaging that it has acquired the nickname "workaholism," a combination of the words "work" and "alcoholism". Can you name some features of a workaholic?•They resist taking breaks or rewarding themselves with vacations. If they must take vacations, they're likely to be highly organized and goal-oriented. •The workaholic pushes and pushes, and as he is approaching his goal, he needs another one to work towards. •A workaholic is not able to stop and enjoy his accomplishments.Workaholics•Workaholics believe that, by working longer hours and completing more projects, they will enhance their self-worth. •Workaholics think about work constantly and, if unable to work, feel panicky or depressed.•Workaholics have high expectations of their work, and their single-minded focus on work negatively impacts other areas of their lives such as family and leisure.  Group work: discussion What is the cause of workaholism? What pressures do you think are company staff under? Name a few of them.•1. Pressure from work：not enough rest; endless work to fulfill even on holidays.•2. Pressure from competition of new staff：competent new comers in the company bring about great pressure for the present ones.•3. Pressure of one’s own further development:  these cause pressure and makes some white-collar workers worried. Some even recharge themselves while working. •4. Pressure from feeling: unsatisfying problems in family. Some are faced with divorce, marriage, remarry. All these impose pressures, because they make it  difficult to concentrate on one’s work.•5. Pressure from interpersonal relationship: office philosophy •We often hear of people breaking down from overwork, but in nine cases out of ten they are really suffering from worry or anxiety. (John Lubbock , British banker)introductionmain bodyconclusiondeath of “him”Para 2-6replacement of himhis devotion to his workhis relationship with family membersPara 1Para 7-13Para 14-16naturalPara 2-13natural接掌最高权柄接掌最高权柄工作之外的爱好工作之外的爱好被认真考查接替他的职位被认真考查接替他的职位他的他的“身后人身后人”一个身无长技的好女人一个身无长技的好女人Move to the top spotOutside “extracurricular interests”Be seriously considered for his jobHis “survivors”A good woman of no particular marketable skillsPlease identify the English counterparts of the following phrases from the text. 打各种零工打各种零工为了能有饭吃，有大麻抽为了能有饭吃，有大麻抽解决经济困难解决经济困难股票期权股票期权一眼在人群中认出他来一眼在人群中认出他来Do odd jobsTo stay in grass and foodStraighten out the financesStock optionsPick him out in a minute from a lineupPlease identify the English counterparts of the following phrases from the text. 1.what is meant by the sentence “she would be well taken care of” in Paragraph 8? Key: provide some financial help for his wife/to relieve her of any possible worries about finance.2. why is the phrase “dearly beloved” repeated when referring to his children in Paragraph 9?Key: create a sarcastic effect, relationship with his children/ far from being close and intimate / devoted too little3. What do you think is the relationship like between Phil and the three children?•Key: • a failing father • His eldest son: knowing little about him• His daughter: nothing to say when staying along with him. • His younger son: remarked bitterly that his father and he only boarded at the home. • distant and estranged.4. What is the implication of the ending?•Key: It implies the story of Phil sees no end: He will soon be replaced by an equally hardworking guy who may following in his steps and repeat the same tragedy. Bosses are always on the lookout for workaholics and they are never in short supply. The ending is full of sarcasm and bitterness.•Questions for part 1♣What have you learned from the first sentence?♣Why are these adverbs “finally and precisely” used?Language points of Text I •1. work himself to death: died from self-motivated overwork. •2. precisely: exactly–E.g.They arrived at five o’clock precisely.•Note:  Some  of  its  synonyms  are exactly, accurately, definitely•Emphasizing his devotion to work.•1.classic: •Synonyms: classic & classical    classic: a thing or situation has all the features which you expect such a thing or situation to have classic; is of very high quality and has become a standard against which similar things are judged典型的、标准的、经典的、典型的、标准的、经典的、最优秀的最优秀的　　 　 This is a really classic French champagne. 　　 　这确实是上等的法国香槟酒。

这确实是上等的法国香槟酒 　 　   It is a classic example. classical：describe something that is traditional in form, style, or content 古典（文学或艺术）的古典（文学或艺术）的 　　 Now only a few study the classical music of India. 　　 现在只有少数人在研究印度的古典音乐现在只有少数人在研究印度的古典音乐 　　 classical languages 古代语言古代语言； classical music 古典音乐古典音乐 2. …one of six vice-presidents…1) 汉语中表示副职的头衔一般都冠以汉语中表示副职的头衔一般都冠以“副副”字，英译字，英译时需视词语的固定搭配或表达习惯等情况，可选择时需视词语的固定搭配或表达习惯等情况，可选择vice, associate, assistant, deputy等词相应而言，等词相应而言，vice使用面较广使用面较广副总统（或大学副校长）副总统（或大学副校长）vice president副主席（或系副主任）副主席（或系副主任）vice chairman副总理副总理vice premier副部长副部长vice minister副省长副省长vice governor副市长副市长vice mayor副领事副领事vice consul副校长（中小学）副校长（中小学）vice principal2) 行政职务的副职头衔与学术头衔的行政职务的副职头衔与学术头衔的“副副”职称往往职称往往用不同的词表达，最为常用的英语词是用不同的词表达，最为常用的英语词是 associate 。

副教授副教授 associate professor副研究员副研究员associate research fellow副主编副主编associate managing editor副审判长副审判长associate judge副主任医师副主任医师associate senior doctor3) 有些英语职位头衔，如有些英语职位头衔，如manager, headmaster,其其副职头衔可冠以副职头衔可冠以assistant 副总经理副总经理assistant/deputy general manager,assistant/deputy managing director大堂副理（宾馆）大堂副理（宾馆）assistant manager4) 以以director 表示的职位的副职常以表示的职位的副职常以deputy director表示此外，表示此外，secretary, mayor, dean等头衔的副职也可冠以等头衔的副职也可冠以deputy副秘书长副秘书长deputy secretary-general副书记副书记deputy secretary副市长副市长deputy mayor副院长副院长deputy dean3. conceivably (adv.): in a manner that can be imagined or believed.可想象地、可想到地可想象地、可想到地e.g. If we persist in working that hard, conceivably we’ll harvest a promising progress in the future. conceivablee.g. 难以想象这么小的孩子能跑这么快。

难以想象这么小的孩子能跑这么快It is hardly conceivable that such a small/little kid can run so fast. 她她千方百计地千方百计地赚钱She earned money by every conceivable means.a.1) A patriot never conceives of betraying his/her motherland in any case.•to imagine; think 想象想象;相信相信 2) To gain an upper hand in the cutthroat competitiveness, we have to conceive a plan to make ourselves superior. •to form or develop in the mind; map out 构构思思;想出想出 v. conceive 3) I couldn’t conceive the implication of that sentence, although he explained again.to comprehend mentally; understand 理解理解4) She was told she couldn’t conceive. Hence she got no chance to be a mother.to become pregnant with (a child) 怀孕怀孕v. conceive 4. executive1) n. someone who is employed by a business at a senior level主管主管;管理者管理者;经理经理 2) a. of, relating to, capable of, or suited for carrying out or executing管理的管理的;执行的执行的 e.g. An efficient executive must possess great executive ability.Execute v. 1) A government executes the decisions of the ruling party.(fml) to put into effect; carry out执行执行;实施实施;贯彻贯彻 2) The victim’s relatives expected to execute the murder.to put to death, especially by carrying out a lawful sentence.将将…处死处死;将将…正法正法 •Questions for consideration♣   Can you describe the relationship between Phil and his wife and his children? ♣   Why did Phil's wife try to conceal her bitterness in  front of the president at the funeral? –She was concerned about her financial situation after her husband died. –Phil provided well for his widow.Part 3Part3•Questions:♣What did Phil’s wife mean when she answered," I already have”?♣How many times is “he finally worked himself…” repeated in the essay? Why it is repeated?•The author relates the two contradictory ideas—work to death on Sunday morning.•Thus reveals Phil’s personality and suggests that he is destined to be exhausted.survive vt.•6. to continue to live after someone, especially a member of your family, has died•(synonyms: outlive outlast)•我希望在我有生之年永远不要变成废物。

•I hope l shall never survive my usefulness.•经过暴风雨袭击, 这所房屋并未倒塌• The house survived the storm. marketable•7 easy to sell; attractive to customers or employers:可销售的; 有销路的•It is a good idea to list all your marketable skills before heading for the job fair.para.9•9.His “dearly beloved” eldest of the “dearly beloved” children…•sarcastic effect•far from close and intimate•devoting too little10. …doing enough odd jobs to stay…1) What an odd desk! We’ve never seen it.★strange 奇怪的；古怪的；奇特的；异常的奇怪的；古怪的；奇特的；异常的 2) 1, 3, 5 and 7 are odd numbers.★(of numbers) that can not be divided by two; not even 奇数的；单数的奇数的；单数的a.3) She is wearing two odd shoes.Of one of a pair, set, series, etc when the other(s) is/are missing不同类的；不成对的；单只的不同类的；不成对的；单只的4) She made a toy out of odd pieces of the cloth.extra; surplus; left over 剩余的剩余的5) Twenty-odd years later, you will be middle-aged.★(usu placed directly after a number) a little more than （用于数字后）略多（用于数字后）略多6) He takes some odd bit of exercises, but nothing regular.★occasional; not regular or fixed 临时的临时的•11. He was the one who tried to grab at his father, and tried to mean enough to him to keep the man at home.   take the opportunity to divert his father’s attention7. …the fifty-one-year old deceased had meant much …dead, deceased, departed, late, inanimatedead常表语，指常表语，指“死的死的”；；deceased指指人人“最近死的最近死的”，多用于法律；，多用于法律；departed指指“最最近近死死的的”，，多多用用于于宗宗教教，，是是委委婉婉语语，，仅指仅指死者死者；；late“已故的已故的”，多用于刚死的，多用于刚死的人人；；inanimate意为意为“没有生命的，没有生气的没有生命的，没有生气的”。

Exercises 1. The tiger has been _____ for at least two days according to the expert.2. The ________ man left no will or legacy. 3. In a funeral, the priest prays for the ________. 4. The story is about the ____ hero.5. Their _________ conversation is about the _________ stone.late inanimate departeddeceased dead inanimate 8. … need him to straighten out the finances —the stock options and all that.1)straighten out♣straighten sth out To settle or resolve sth; to remove difficulties from sth 理清，整顿理清，整顿(混乱的局面混乱的局面) e.g. With mutual help, we can straighten out each other’s confusion ASAP.As soon as possiblestraighten sb out (infml) to remove doubt or ignorance in one’s mind 帮人（或自行）解决问题帮人（或自行）解决问题 e.g. Traditionally a teacher is expected to straighten puzzled students out.•I was then muddled about the registration procedures. Luckily, she came in time to straighten me out. 我当时正被登记手续搞得稀里糊涂，可巧她来得正好，我当时正被登记手续搞得稀里糊涂，可巧她来得正好，帮我摆平了。

帮我摆平了•His business are in a terrible mess, they will take ages to straighten out.•他的经营情况糟糕透了，要整顿好需要花很多时间他的经营情况糟糕透了，要整顿好需要花很多时间the finances the stock options and all that (idm) (infml) and other similar thingse.g. I got fed up with mathematics for its figures, tables, formulae and all that staff.我厌倦了数学中的数字、表格、公式我厌倦了数学中的数字、表格、公式什么的    Paraphrase:  1) But it did list his “survivors” quite accurately. -- But the obituary did list the family members of the dead man quite accurately. 2) He was the one who tried to grab at his father, and tried to mean enough to him to keep the man at home.   -- It was the boy who made efforts to divert his father’s attention from work.Detailed study of the text-Part IV Para.14-16 This is the end of the essay. After the cause of Phil’s death being restated, the author goes on to report the company president’s inquiry for his successor.Questions: Why does the essay end with the question the company president asked?ⅣⅣ. Explain in your own words the following sentences taken from the text. He had no outside “extracurricular interests,” unless, of course, you think about a monthly golf game that way.He had dedicated all his time to his work and had no hobby at all, except that he played a golf game every month which cannot be taken as a hobby anyway. ⅣⅣ. Explain in your own words the following sentences taken from the text. She had, according to her daughter, given up trying to compete with his work years ago, when the children were small. Their daughter said that, when they were still small, her father had become a company man and her mother had given up any attempt to keep him at home. Vocabulary ExercisesⅠⅠ. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words. 1. He worked himself to death, finally and precisely, at 3:00 a.m. Sunday morning. Died from self-motivated overworkⅠⅠ. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words. Vocabulary Exercises2. He was, however, one of six vice-presidents, and one of three who might conceivably—if the president died or retired soon enough—have moved to the top spot. Most likely; the highest position in the companyⅠⅠ. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words. Vocabulary Exercises3. He is survived by his wife, Helen, forty-eight years old, a good woman of no particular marketable skills, who worked in an office before marrying and mothering. With no specific skills wanted by employersⅠⅠ. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words. Vocabulary Exercises4. In the day and a half before the funeral, he went around the neighborhood researching his father, asking the neighbors what he was like. Trying to discover facts about his father; collecting the neighbors’ memories of his fatherⅠⅠ. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words. Vocabulary Exercises5. Phil was a Type A, a heart-attack natural. A person vulnerable to heart attacksVocabulary ExercisesⅡ. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in its appropriate form. 1.The woman ___________ her husband by nine years.2.The plot of the novel __________ the reader.3.Not wanting to draw any attention, Roy went ____________ into the lecture hall.4.We learned about her ___________ father by reading his _____________ in The Times. survivedgrabsdiscreetlydeceasedobituaryVocabulary ExercisesⅡ. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in its appropriate form. 5. I do not understand how the arranged marriage could _____________ work out in the more traditional societies. 6. The old couple plans to _________ some students from the university.7. Upper-intermediate English learners are often encouraged to read the __________ of English literature. conceivablyboardclassicsVocabulary ExercisesⅡ. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in its appropriate form. 8. The new business writing course is oriented towards _____________ and managers who want more individual attention and focused training that will help them write with impact and effectiveness. executivesVocabulary ExercisesⅡ. Fill in the blank with the appropriate forms of the given words. 1.Gordon lives near his __________ father and they are very close. (widow)2.Her poignant style got on her boss’s ______________. (nervous)3.A real _____________, Miss Evans does not allow any slightest mistakes in her student’s compositions. (precise)widowednervesprecisionistVocabulary ExercisesⅡ. Fill in the blank with the appropriate forms of the given words. 4. She resigned for the reason that she couldn’t stand the _____________ and unfriendliness in the office. (compete)5. All of our suppliers are supposed to ensure prompt ___________ of orders. (execute)6. The symposium will be ___________ over by a famous scholar. (president)competitivenessexecutionpresidedVocabulary ExercisesⅡ. Fill in the blank with the appropriate forms of the given words. 7. Their ___________ problems started soon after they adopted the child. (marry)8. The movie is rated PG, so children under 15 who want to see it had better be ____________ by their parents. (company)maritalaccompaniedVocabulary ExercisesⅣⅣ. Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text. 1.The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a fatal disease. Thousands of people in Asia __________ it in 2003. 2.Chinese fans often have to ____________ to watch the live transmission of European football matches. died of stay up Vocabulary ExercisesⅣⅣ. Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text. 3. Sometimes I don’t understand Jeremy; he seems to have hurt the feelings of everyone who ___________ him including his wife. 4. I doubt that they are able to get the problems ______________ before the deadline.cares forstraightened outVocabulary ExercisesⅣⅣ. Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text. 5. It was curious that the children should have ____________ their grandparents easily from the old photographs. 6. The doctors had virtually _____________ on him after his heart attack, but he eventually recovered. picked outgiven upVocabulary ExercisesⅣⅣ. Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text. 7. Mrs. Kim was thrilled to learn that her daughter ____________ the opportunity of going abroad. 8. The governor reiterated that overseas private funds would not be _________________ the express train project. grabbed atconsidered for •How about Phil's relationship with his wife? –His wife lost him for years to his work. –His wife once tried to stop him from overworking but failed.•How about Phil's relationship with his children? –His eldest son made inquiries about his father from the neighbors. –His daughter did not know how to talk with her father when they were together. –His youngest son failed to distract his father from his work and turned to drugs for help.•Why did Phil's wife try to conceal her bitterness in front of the president at the funeral? –She was concerned about her financial situation after her husband died. –Phil provided well for his widow.•What constitutes a workaholic? –Work comes before anything else, including family, happiness and health.•Why didn't people believe that Phil died of heart attack? –He worked himself to death. –He died on a Sunday, which was his only day off. –He ate fast food everyday. He was overweight. He took no exercises. He had no time to relax himself. Working and no playing resulted in the heart attack.•What was lacking in Phil's life? –His family. –His health.•What impact does the final paragraph have? –The irony of the author. –The philosophy of the company is to reward those who work the hardest.Oral activities Organize yourselves into groups of three to five and discuss the following issue: How can Phil avoid his tragedyExercises•1. Word transformation: P60•2. Paraphrase: P61•3.  Present  perfect  or  present perfect progressive tense: P61-62•4.  translation:   P48•5. Writing practice Exercises (1)Translation exercises•1. 我的顶头上司是一个典型的工作狂，一年到头每天工作10个小时以上。

workaholic)•My immediate boss is typical workaholic, for he works for over ten hours each day all the year round.•2. 校长十分注重课外活动他认为，课外活动有助于培养学生对外部世界的极大兴趣extracurricular)•The  principal  attaches  much  importance  to extracurricular activities and he believes that they will  help  to  cultivate  students’  tremendous interest in the external world.Exercises (1)•3. 星期一早上，他总是快速冲个澡，胡乱吃个三明治，接着赶搭出租车去上班grab)•He always grabs a shower, a sandwich and then a taxi to go to work every Monday morning.•4.  既然你要离开公司了，你要在本周内清算帐目。

straighten out)•Since  you  are  leaving  the  company,  you  should straighten out the accounts within the week.•5. 为了及时完成他的博士论文，他经常熬夜stay up)•He often stays up late at night in order to finish writing his Ph. D. dissertation on time.Exercises (1)•6.    没有什么东西可以取代内心深处最深切的爱replace)•He  is  considered  a  natural  for  the  post  of  the president,  for  he  has  been  an  excellent  vice-president for almost ten years.•7.    他被认为是总裁职位的当然人选，因为他已经做了近10年出色的副总裁natural)•He  is  considered  a  natural  for  the  post  of  the president,  for  he  has  been  an  excellent  vice-president for almost ten years.•8.   他实在太普通了，在人群中不会被挑选出来。

pick out）•He is just too common to be picked out from the crowd.Exercises (2)•Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in the proper form.   board  discreetlypreciselyclassicexecutive surviveconceivablygrabwidowdeceasedobituaryworkaholicExercises (2)•1. The woman _________ her husband by nine years.•2.The plot of the novel   _________ the reader.•3. Not wanting to draw any attention, Roy went  __________ into the lecture hall. •4. We learned about her  ________ father by reading his ________ in The Times.survivedgrabsdiscreetlydeceasedobituaryExercises (2)•5.I do not understand how the arranged marriage could  ___________ work out in the more traditional societies.•6. The old couple plans to __________ some students from the university .•7. The new business writing course is oriented towards  _________ and managers who wasn’t the individual attention and focused training that will help them write with impact and effectiveness.•8. Upper-intermediate English learners are often encouraged to read the  _________ of the English and American literature.conceivablyboardexecutivesclassicsWriting practice (1)Write a composition of at least 200 words on the following topic. Career or Family: which is more important?Sample writing•Career Career or or Family: Family: which which is is more more important?important?•Sample:•When  asked  about  their  opinion  of  career and family, people always respond differently.  Some  people  deem  it  more important to pursue their career, while there are  always  other  people  who  argue  that family  should  be  the  number  one  in  one’s life.•It goes without any question that career plays a key role in our life. In the very first place, career can give us an aim to live on. Without career,  much  of  our  living  time  will  be certainly  wasted.  What’s  more,  career  can provide us with a means to live on. Most of the people earn their income from a job. On the other hand, family is also an indispensable part of life, as many people will admit. Family is always regarded as a place where we can escape from troubles in life. In addition, we can  obtain  a  sense  of  belonging  to  from family. Without it, anyone will feel lonely and desperate.•In my opinion, career and family are not in opposition  to  each  other.  Rather,  they  can enhance  each  other  so  that  one’s  life  can become better and better. Therefore, it’s not a choice  between  right  and  wrong,  but  one between ideal and practical.结束结束 。