九号台风‘梅花’muifa：与天气有关的词汇及习语.doc

九号台风九号台风‘‘梅花梅花’Muifa’Muifa：与天气有关的词汇及习语：与天气有关的词汇及习语一、天气有关的词汇frost 霜hail 冰雹 snow 雪thunder 雷wind 风mist 雾cloud 云haze 霾rain 雨downpour, shower 暴雨storm, tempest 暴风雨lightning 闪电land wind 陆风hurricane 飓风cyclone 旋风typhoon 台风super typhoon 超级台风tornado/whirlwind 龙卷风gale 强风gale 季节风gust 阵风breeze 微风fog 浓雾dew 露水humidity 潮湿freeze 冰冻snowflake 雪花snowfall 降雪waterspout 水龙卷dead calm 风平浪静二、天气有关的习语1. weather1）keep a weather eye out 注意观察keep a weather eye out 原来指的是在海上张帆远航时头等重要的大事，也就是时时注意观测风云变幻而生活在当今的现实中也不时会遇上不测风云和旦夕祸福，也得注意提防，所以习惯用语 keep a weather eye out 就逐渐广泛的应用在日常生活中了，指时时谨防生活中的烦扰变故。

Let's keep a weather eye out for those guys across the street. If they cut their prices or offer more dishes than we do, we need to be ready to fight back as quick as we can before they grab any more of our customers.我们可得密切注视街对面的那些家伙，要是他们减价或者增加我们没有的新品种，我们必须在他们抢走更多顾客前尽快作出反击2）heavy weather 种种难以应付的障碍和困难Heavy weather 也产生在两百来年前用帆船航海的时代，是水手之间的常用语，指狂风暴雨、雷电交加、波浪滔天的险恶天气近年来人们开始借用水手语言中的 heavy weather 来指种种难以应付的障碍和困难了John has his heart set on being an engineer. He studies hard in his math courses, but I'm sorry to say he doesn't get very high grades. So I'm really afraid he'll run into heavy weather when he has to take calculus next semester.John 立志当工程师，他尽管在数学课程方面很用功，但是遗憾的是学习成绩平平。

所以我真担心，他下学期学微积分的时候会困难重重3）under the weather 由于天气不好而引起的身体不适Under the weather 沿用至今有一百五十来年了有人推测这个习惯用语原来可能指有的人由于海上风急浪高而晕船，感到身体不舒服下面例子中的小伙原来约好了女朋友当天晚上去看电影，但是女朋友来给他当头浇了瓢凉水That's right. She just phoned to tell me she's under the weather today. She's come down with a headache and a bad cough so she can't go out with me tonight.对啊，她刚打来告诉我她今天身体不舒服她头很疼，又咳嗽得厉害，所以今晚不能和我一起出去了这里的习惯用语 under the weather 意思是“身体不舒服” 但是under the weather 也常被人们用来委婉地指酗酒后第二天感到头痛，呕吐等不舒服的现像例如在这句话里： He's under the weather because of last night's party. 他昨晚聚会酒喝多了现在还头疼。

4） a fair-weather friend 指顺境中的朋友，言下之意是不能共患难的酒肉朋友5）weather the storm这里的 weather 是动词，weather the storm 相当于中文的“历经风雨” ，意思是经历并度过困难和危机2. wind英语的风(wind)与航海有关，航海行船离不开风，尤其在帆船时代，没有风无法航行，因而就有了 raise the wind(找风)这一短语，引申义为“筹钱” 航海中风向最重要，就有了 find／see how the wind blows(看风向— — 观望)、trim one’s sail to the wind(见风使舵)的习语；出门要观天色，因而有 look out for squalls(提防暴风— — 提防危险)的说法；顺风行驶(sail before the wind)就会“成功” ；逆风行驶(sail against the wind)比喻在困难条件下工作；迎风航行(sail close to the wind)，引申为“几乎犯法” 某些习语与汉民族的思维方式时常相似，如 take the wind of(抢占上风— — 先发制人)、blow cold and hot(摇摆不定)、get the wind of(得到风声)等。

由于地理环境的影响，英语的“西风”(west wind)相当于汉语的东风，具有温暖，和煦的含义雪莱在西风颂中由衷地歌颂了西风，而西风在汉语中是萧瑟、凄凉的“寒风” 下列习语则反映了英国人的航海文化特色和思维方式1）three sheets in the wind 形容醉酒的样子sheet 是用来固定风帆的帆脚索到帆脚索绷紧时，帆船就满帆前进，平稳自如如果三条帆脚索都随风摇曳，整条船就会东摇西晃，像一个醉汉一样2）hang in the wind 犹豫不决帆船在风向改变后，往往摇摆不定，难以确立航线3）SOW the wind and reap the whirlwind 种下风收得暴风，汉语的“恶有恶报”有相同的含义4）cast an anchor to windward 把锚抛在向风处，现有“未雨绸缪”的意思5）A smooth sea never makes a skillful mariner 平静的大海锻炼不出好水手6）Hoist your sail when the wind is fair. 好风正扬帆7）It’s an ill wind that blows nobody good. 人人厌恶的风不是好风，现有“坏事并非让所有人受害”的意思8）sail close to the wind 冒险If you believe what he said, you are sailing close to the wind.你要是相信了他的话，那你可就是在冒险了。

9）know which way the wind blows 了解情况He never tells his thoughts until he knows which way the wind blows.不了解清楚情况，他从不发表看法10）a straw in the wind 预示即将发生的迹象，预兆，苗头There are straws in the wind indicating that peace is around the corner. 有种种迹象表明和平即将来临 此语也可写作 straws in the wind， straw 一词本指“禾杆，稻草” ，引申为“细微的迹象，显露的苗头” ，如：a straw of hope 一线希望3. rain1）as right as rain 指身体健康，诸事顺利 （If things are right as rain, then everything is going well in your life.）I was sick, but now I feel as right as rain.我之前是生病了，不过现在我觉得一切正常，精神很好。

2）rain or shine 原意为下雨或天晴,喻意为不论情况如何 Rain or shine, we want you come here on time.如论如何，我们都希望你按时到来3）for a rainy day 为雨天作准备,意同成语未雨绸缪 We save money for a rainy day.我们存点钱算是未雨绸缪4）It never rains but it pours. 不下则已,一下倾盆相当于成语祸不单行 I just got sacked and my wife left me！So it never rains but it pours！我刚被解雇，妻子又离开了我真是祸不单行啊5）Small rain lays great dust. 小雨压大尘比喻小的东西也可派上大用场 6）After rain comes fine weather.雨过天晴转喻为困难过后,胜利就会到来4. cloud1）on cloud nine 飘飘然如上九重天He was on cloud nine after winning the marathon.他赢了马拉松比赛之后，极度兴奋。

2）head in the cloud 不切实际，好高骛远You can't always have your head in the cloud, you need to be down-to-earth.你不能总是那么好高骛远，要脚踏实地一些3）On a cloud 是很高兴的意思，高兴得走路轻飘飘的好像腾云驾雾一样 I've been on a cloud all day long--I heard this morning that I got an A on my final biochemistry exam. 我今天一天都很高兴，因为我早上听说，我生物化学期末考试得了一个 A5. rainbow1）chase rainbows 做白日梦Chasing rainbows won't get you anywhere.做白日梦不会对你有任何帮助6. snow1）be snowed down 工作太多做不过来I've been snowed down by my work！我被工作压得喘不过气来2）white as snow 纯洁无辜The accused didn't commit the murder, he is as white as snow.被告并没有杀人，他是无辜的。