2018年高考英语一轮复习 Unit 5 First aid单元知识（含解析）新人教版必修5.doc

Unit 5 First aid 1. aid；fall ill First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.急救就是在找到医生之前对突然生病或受伤的人提供的一种临时的救助 (教材P33)★ aid◆n.& vt. 帮助；援助；资助常见的搭配 with the aid of... 在……的帮助下 in aid of sth./sb. 以支援或帮助某物/某人 be a great aid to sb. 对某人有极大的帮助 with the aid of sb.＝with sb.'s aid 在某人的帮助下 come to one's aid 来帮助某人aid sb with sth以某物帮助某人aid sb in (doing) sth在某方面帮助某人aid sb to do sth帮助某人做某事☛He aided me in business/ with money. 他在事业上/金钱方面帮助我。

☛I aided her to continue her study. ＝I aided her in continuing her study. 我帮助她继续做研究☛One of the station staff saw he was in difficulty and came to his aid. 一位车站工作人员见他有困难，便过来帮忙☛I'm collecting money in aid of starving children. 为了帮助饥饿的孩子们，我正在筹款 aid一般用作不可数名词，意为“急救，帮助”；用作可数名词时，则意为“辅助性的工具”跟踪典例】 (1)介词填空①He gets up very early in order to aid his mother ________ having breakfast.②Thank you for aiding me ________ the work.③_____the aid of a compass the traveler can find his bearings (方位).④He was too busy to come ________ my aid.⑤They are collecting money ______ aid of rare­earth research.(2)完成句子①The collection is ________________. 这笔募集的钱是用来救济盲人的。

②Teachers give their lessons ________________. 老师依靠电脑来授课③My professor ________ me ________/with my study. 我的教授帮助我继续作研究④I'm collecting money ________________. 为帮助饥饿的孩子们，我正在搞募捐⑤________________，we have made great progress this term. 在老师们的帮助下，这学期我们已经取得了巨大的进步⑥An English­Chinese Dictionary is ________________ in learning English. 一本英汉词典是学习英语的重要帮手答案】(1)①in　 ②with　 ③With　 ④to　 ⑤in(2)①in aid of the blind　 ②with the aid of computers③aided；to continue　 ④in aid of starving children　⑤With the aid of our teachers　 ⑥an important aid★ fall ill◆生病☛John hasn't recovered yet since he fell ill last week. 约翰上周生病了，尚未康复。

☛He was just falling asleep when there was a loud knock at the door. 他正要入睡时突然有大声的敲门声归纳拓展】其中fall为连系动词，表示“变成；进入(某状态)”fall asleep　入睡，睡着 fall behind 落后；掉队fall silent 安静下来 fall off 跌落fall down 跌倒fall in love with sb./sth. 爱上某人(某物)fall into the habit of 养成某种习惯【易混辨析】fall ill / be illfall ill: 强调突然病倒，是短暂性动词短语，不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用be ill: 表示生病的状态，是延续性动词短语，可与表示一段时间的时间状语连用【跟踪典例】 (1)用fall ill，be ill的适当形式填空①Having been working too hard in the last few months，he ________ suddenly.②Her husband ________for a long time and is unable to work.(2)完成句子①Since the boss of the company ________，he ________ for almost three months. 自从公司老板突然生病以来，他一直病着并待在医院里几乎三个月了。

②He didn't ________________ in his studies. 他不想在学习上落后③He________________ when we mentioned this subject. 当我们提到这个话题时他沉默了④It's very easy to ________________smoking，but extremely difficult to stop. 养成吸烟的习惯很容易，但要戒掉却很难⑤If I hadn't got soaked a few days ago，I ______________ with flu.(fall) 如果前几天我不淋雨，我就不会感冒生病答案】(1)①fell ill　 ②has been ill(2)①fell ill suddenly；has been ill and stayed in hospital②want to fall behind　 ③fell silent　 ④fall into the habit of⑤wouldn't have fallen ill2. injury Often the illness or injury is not serious，but there are other times when giving first aid quickly can save lives.通常情况下这些患者的伤病都不太严重，但有些时候，给予紧急援助能挽救人的生命。

(教材P33)◆n.[C，U]损伤；伤害☛He escaped from the accident without injury. 他从事故中逃脱而没有受伤☛The best way for an injury is to forget it. 遗忘是疗伤的最好药品归纳拓展】(1)do sb.an injury(＝do an injury to sb.)伤害某人be an injury/injuries to sb./sth.对某人/某物的伤害(2)injure v.使受伤；损害；伤害(感情)(3)injured adj.受伤的 the injured　伤员【易混辨析】hurt / injure / harm / woundhurt指肉体和心理的疼痛，如剧痛的创伤，或情感的伤害injure指在意外事故中受伤，如骨折，摔伤等harm指对人或事物造成危害，这种危害不一定是直接的，也一定有疼痛wound一般指严重的外伤，主要指在战场上 受枪弹伤害跟踪典例】 (1)用hurt / injure / harm / wound的不同形式填空/单项填空①Smoking less won’t _________ you.②In the war of Gaza area, many innocent children and women ________ in the heads.③Many passengers were badly ________ in the accident.④He fell down and _________ his arm.⑤I count myself lucky to have escaped from the accident without serious 　　　    .A. crime 　 　 B. disaster C. infection 　　 D. injury(2)完成句子①With ________________，there's no way that he can win the game.(injure) 他左腿受伤了，他不可能赢得这场比赛。

②What you said was ________________to her fame. 你所说的有损她的名声③After ________ in the fighting，he was caught in an accident and his car ________ but he himself was not ________. 在战斗中负伤后，他又发生了事故，汽车被损坏，但他自己并没有受伤答案】 (1)①harm ②wounded ③injured ④hurt⑤ D【解析】句意：我很荣幸没有受伤能够逃出了事故此处指意外事故，故用hurt2)①his left leg injured　②injury　③being wounded；was damaged；injured3. poison poisonous adj. 有毒的 You have three layers of skin which act as a barrier against disease，poisons and the sun's harmful rays. 皮肤有三层，作为屏障可以防病、防毒、抵制太阳有害光线的侵害。

(教材P33)◆n.毒药；有害之物　vt.毒死；下毒；败坏常见的搭配poison one's mind with...　用……毒害某人的思想poison sth.with sth. 用……污染/伤害……pois。