小学英语名词单复数变化及习题.doc
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名词的单复数l 名词的复数可数名词的复数(可数名词有单数和复数两种形式)： 1. 基本变化规则①一般在名词后加s，变成复数如boy→boys, pen→pens等②以s, x, sh, ch结尾的，在后面加es如class→classes, fox→foxes, brush→brushes, watch→watches但stomach的复数为stomachs ③“以辅音字母+y”结尾的，y变为i，然后再加es如baby→babies,family→families ④以f或fe结尾的名词英语中共有100多个，其中直接加s的有92个，但这些绝大多数不常用，如safe, roof, belief等；把f或fe改为v, 再加es的只有13个，但13个都是常用的名词，如thief, life, wife, shelf, self, knife, half, leaf, wolf等thief→thieves,life→lives⑤以o结尾的名词，除有生命的“两人两物”Negro, hero, tomato, potato等少数在后面加es外，一般是在后面直接加s如kilo→kilos, photo→photos, zoo→zoos, radio→radios, piano→pianos, video→videos。
⑥.以ce,se,ze,(d)ge等结尾的词加s,读|z| 2. 不规则变化名词单数变复数的不规则变化要注意以下几点：①含man的名词，一般变man为men如woman→women, policeman→policemen, Englishman→Englishmen但German→Germans②将oo改为ee的有foot→feet, tooth→teeth, goose→geese等③复数以en结尾的有child→children, ox→oxen等④将ouse改为ice的有mouse→mice, louse→lice(虱子)等⑤单复数同形的有sheep, deer, fish, means, works(工厂), Swiss, Japanese, Chinese等 ⑥复合名词变复数一般的复合名词，只把中心词变为复数（中心词一般是第二个名词） apple tree→apple trees pencil-box→pencil-boxes由man和woman 构成的复合名词，二者均变为复数 man doctor→men doctors woman teacher→women teachers除人民币，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。
如: a dollar, two dollars; a meter, twometers; franc, francs3.集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数 people（人们） police（警察） cattle（牲畜）是复数 （OK ：a person，a policeman，ahead of cattle , the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese） （Error： a people，a police，a cattle ） 4.以s结尾，仍为单数的名词 1.maths，politics，physics等学科名词，为不可数名词，是单数 2.news是不可数名词 3.the United States，the United Nations （应视为单数） （ The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的 ） 4.以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数 （"The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book. ） 5.表示由两部分构成的东西， glasses（眼镜） trousers （长裤） clothes （衣服） 若表达具体数目，要借助数量词 pair(对，双) a pair of glasses ,two pairs of trousers suit(套) 6. 另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思 goods （货物） waters （水域） fishes （各种鱼） u 2.不可数名词：不可数名词是指不能以数目来计算，不可以分成个体的概念、状态、品质、感情或表示物质材料的东西；它一般没有复数形式，只有单数形式。
抽象名词, 物质名词和专有名词一般是不可数名词1) 不可数名词没有词形变化，前面不可以加冠词a,an修饰2) 后面不能加s构成复数形式3) 需要计量时，要用量词，变复数时，通常把量词变为复数，后面的不可数名词用原形结构：数词或冠词+量词（s）+of+不可数名词例如：a bottle of milk→ two bottles of milka piece of bread → three pieces of breada piece of news → four pieces of news 4. 不可数名词还可以与some, much, little, any, a lot of,连用例如：a lot of water, some rice不可数名词：bread, cash, grass, ink, knowledge, luck, living, meat, money, news, paper, rice, soap, sugar, tea, travel, weather, work..... 写出下列名词的复数形式 I _________ watch _______ child _______ photo _______day________ book_______ bag _______ wish _______ test ______ box_______ strawberry ________ mango _______ potato______ thief _______ yo-yo ______ peach______ sandwich _______ man______ woman______ paper______ key _______ baby _______ tooth _______ juice______ water________ milk________ rice________ tea_______ fox_______ boy_______ wish _______ orange class sheep monkey piano bus shelf bed country family toy foot Japanese radio fish army tomato knife key _______ man doctor _______ Chinese _______二、选择填空 1. There on the wall .They are very beautiful.A. are photoes B. are photos C. is a photo D. is photos 2. This car made in Shanghai. A. is B .are C .were D .has 3. There are four and two in the group. A. Japanese, Germen B Japaneses, Germen C. Japanese, German D.Japanese, Germans 4. That’s art book. A. an B. a C. the D. are5. The boys have got already. A. two bread B. two breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread6. The old man wants . A. six boxes of apples B. six boxes of apple C. six box of apples D. six boxs of apples7. There some in the river. A. is, fish B. are, fishs C. is, fishs D. are, fish8. There two in the box. A. is ,watch B. are ,watches C. are ,watch D. is ,watches9. We should clean twice a day. A .our tooth B. our tooths C. teeth D. our teeth10.The _____ meeting room is near the reading room. A. teacher B.teacher’s C.teachers’ D.teachers11. In Britain _____ are all painted red. A. letter boxes B.letters boxes C. letter box D.letters box12. All the _____ teachers are very happy on March 8th.A.man B.men C.woman D.women13.They are_____ .A.woman doctors B.women docto。
