旅游景点牌示解说汉译英问题及对策研究.docx

旅游景点牌示解说汉译英问题及对策研究 林可欣++黄墨云++朱莎摘 要：英語牌示解说是旅游景点传递信息的主要设施之一，但目前景点翻译存在语言错误、文化缺乏及风格等诸多问题本课题主要以福州著名景点三坊七巷为研究对象，以小见大，指出所存在的问题，并提出对策及建议，以帮助三坊七巷及福州其它景点解说词的改进和提高关键词：旅游景点；牌示解说；汉译英；对策一、引言作为福建的省会城市，福州素有“有福之州”之称国家大力提倡的海西建设也让福州的旅游业得到迅猛发展在首届“中国十大历史文化名街区评选”中，在市中心保留规模最大、最完整的明清古建筑街区———福州市的三坊七巷，以高票入选因此，研究三坊七巷解说词的汉译英问题，具有一定的特色和意义 本文主要以三坊七巷旅游景点解说翻译为例，从而明确旅游资料的译写和标准二、三坊七巷牌示英文解说所存在的问题（一）存在词性和句子语法错误，属于比较初级的错误，如：1.In the Song Dynasty，it was renamed “Juying”（gathering of famous people）to celebrate the then distinguished Cui and Li families dwelling in the place and was changed to “Yingda”（accomplishment）in the Yuan Dynasty.宋代坊内以崔、李二姓显贵，改称聚英坊，元代又改为英达坊。

——选自宫巷句中存在两处错误① “the then distinguished”这样的用法并不常见，所以then为多余词原文是要翻译出崔、李二家显贵而已②“Cui and Li families dwelling”中dwelling表示住处根据中文，此句是要翻译成崔、李两家的住处，所以应为“Cui and Li familiesdwelling”2.Formerly known as Tangchao（tide meeting） Alley in ancient times， the site was renamed Dijin（official brothers）Lane during the Xuanhe period of the Northern Song Dynasty（960～1127）， when two local brothers named Lu Yun and Lu Zao were appointed Magistrate of Fuzhou successively.…衣锦坊，旧名通潮巷北宋宣和年间，以里人陆蕴、陆藻兄弟同知福州而名棣锦功——选自衣锦坊括号里的tide名词为潮流、趋势，动词为随波逐流，而meeting名词为会议，动词为会面。

它们无论以怎样的词性进行组合，都不太符合语法根据语法结构“be appointed”后应加as或with，被任命为国外游客认为带有基本错误的解说表明景区的管理者没有尊重这些自然景观和人类文化遗产若旅游者对于这些解说失去兴趣，那也就失去了向其宣传福州，传播中国文化的机会因此利用网络和牌示解说进行宣传，就须在解说翻译中处处体现尊重，才能获得旅游者的关注和尊重这些问题，译者本可以避免，如请人校对检查，借助词典获取正确的拼写或表达等二）追求华丽辞藻，过多使用形容词和生僻词汇1.译文过多使用形容词，描述性词汇，让人费解，有的过于生僻，使得翻译古怪难懂译者在绞尽脑汁的情况下，不免将词典当成选词法宝，自然正确无误，但对于广大游者来说，这些词不免过于深奥生僻例如：1.In the Song Dynasty，it was renamed “Juying”（gathering of famous people）to celebrate the then distinguished Cui and Li families dwelling in the place and was changed to “Yingda”（accomplishment）in the Yuan Dynasty.宋代坊内以崔、李二姓显贵，改称聚英坊：元代又改为英达坊。

——选自宫巷上文的dwelling （住处） 这个词没错，但对于一般游客来说，house或residence可能就比较容易理解2.The alley got its name “jibi”（hurry—to—hide）by local inhabitants of Song and Zheng families.“吉庇巷，俗称‘急避，南宋状元郑性之居此——选自吉庇巷译文中inhabitants（居民）也没错，但resident可能更让人明白易懂三）翻译句型结构冗长难懂通过调查发现，三坊七巷的译文基本是难懂长句，游者根本不知所云译文除了概念和辞藻的堆砌，很难产生任何积极的信息交流，自然也就难以达到解说目的，如：1.衣锦坊，旧名通潮巷北宋宣和年间，以里人陆蕴、陆藻兄弟同知福州而名棣锦功南宋淳熙南间，王益祥官江东提刑，居其内，改名衣锦坊，沿用至今衣锦坊内主要有水榭观台、欧阳氏花厅、梁鸣谦故居和郑氏民居等院落Formerly known as Tangchao（tide meeting） Alley in ancient times，the site was renamed Dijin（official brothers）Lane during the Xuanhe period of the Northern Song Dynasty（960～1127）when two local brothers named Lu Yun and Lu Zao were appointed Magistrate of Fuzhou successively.It was given the present name，which implies that someone has“returned to his hometown in full glory”， when Wang Yixiang， a chief justice of the southern Yangtze River region， retired and lived here during the Chunxi period of the Southern Song Dynasty （1127～1279）.Major attractions in the lane are Waterside Performing Stage，Parlor of Ouyang Family.Former Residence of Liang Mingqian and House of Zheng Family. ——选自衣锦坊此段译文句子过长，毫无美感，若分为两至三句会比较好。

一句话中信息过多令人费解，需大幅修改，句子太长、逗号太多、句号太少，建议用短句2.郎官巷，古城延福里，北宋咸平五年，里人刘若虚中进士，改名荣亲里后又以北宋刘涛世代子孙皆为郎官改名郎官巷明代万历年间起称郎官巷，沿用至今郎官巷内主要有严复故居、天后宫、二梅书屋等院落Originally known as Yanfu Alley ，it was changed into Rongqin （homecoming） Alley when a local named Liu Ruoxu succeeded to be an imperial Scholar in the fifth year（1002）during the Xianping period in the Northern Song Dynasty.Then it was named Langguan Lane when Liu Tao，whose descendants all served as Langguan，vice minister or chief ministers of the court of imperial entertainment in the Song Dynasty（960-1279），moved to the place.It was given the present name of Langguan Alley in the years during the reign of Emperor Wangli of the Ming Dynasty （1368-1644）.Major attractions in the alley are former Residence of Yan Fu，Temple of sea Goddess and Double-Plum Study.——选自郎官巷（四）地名翻译欠注释，晦涩难懂在郎官巷与锦衣坊的译文中“天后宫”、“二梅书屋”、“水榭观台”分别译成“Temple of sea Goddess”、“ Double-Plum Study”、“Waterside Performing Stage”。

据调查，不少人认为这些翻译令人费解，需补充注释以更完整五）语体误用语体与语言相生相伴，人们只要运用语言进行交际，那么其言语方式就必然遵循某种表达规律，要注意场合、范围、目的和对象，旅游景点翻译更是如此要想在译文中再现原文语体特点，译者须对原文进行细致分析，包括交际环境、对象、目的、主题、形式、时间、格式等很多方面环境不同需使用不同语体，即使同一环境下，与不同对象交谈，语体也应有所变化，即使在同一环境中与同一对象交谈也会因内容或目的不同而采用不同语体语体是各主要交际因素组合的结果，在翻译中忽视任何一种因素都有可能背离原文语体特征课题组调查了几名外国游客，他们均指出译文语体误用如：1.吉庇巷，旧名耆魁辅坊，又称魁辅里，是“七巷”中最南侧的巷吉庇巷，俗称‘急避，南宋状元郑性之居此，今改吉庇”民国初期扩建为马路吉庇巷内主要有谢家祠等院落The southernmost of the seven alleys， the place was formerly known as“Qide Kuifu”or Kuifu”（gathering of people virtue）.According to Archaeological Notes on Fuzhou，the alley got its name “jibi”（hurry—to—hide）by local inhabitants of Song and Zheng families， which was later replaced for the more pleasant “jibi”（refuge）of the same pronunciation.In the early time of the Republic of China （1991-1949）.It was expanded into a road.Ancestral Hall of Xie Family is one of the major attractions in the alley.——選自吉庇巷该段译文翻译不够生动，语法与修辞需大幅度润色。

2.南后街三号，为民国海军总司令蓝建枢故居，清代建筑，民国时期有修复，两主座、一花厅现为闽都民俗文化大观园园内展示了数千件福州人衣食住行等民俗器物，原汁原味地展示了福州民间文化蓝建枢（1855-？），字季北，闽县（今福州）人清同治十三年毕业于福建船政学堂历任海军部参谋、海军总司令部左。