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情态动词详解典型例题及模拟试题含答案.docx

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    •  情态动词详解、典型例题及模拟试题(含答案)1. must、can、could、may、might、will / would、shall / should、need、dare  △must的肯定式表示“必须”,否定式mustn’t表示“禁止,严禁”的意思  如:  You must come here .  You mustn’t take the book away from the library .  同义词为have to do , 表示“不得不”一般表示客观原因造成的“不得不、被迫”  如:My car was broken , so I had to walk home .  △can的肯定式表示“能、会”“可以”,否定式can’t表示“不能,不会,不可以”  如:He can swim . I can’t swim . You can go now .  同义词为be able to do , 也表示“能,会”一般表示经过努力才具有的能力与can的区别,主要是它可有时态  如:  He was able to count to 10 , 000 when he was 3 .  He will be able to walk next month .  △may表示“可以”,否定式may not表示“不可以”表示经某人允许。

        如:You may go home now . You may not go home now .  △will表示“将要,打算”用于将来时,否定式will not / won’t表示“将不”“不打算”  如:He will come here next week . He won’t come home .  △shall用于第一人称后表示“将要”“打算”否定式shall not表示“将不,不打算”  如:We shall go home together . I shall go there first .  用于其他人称后表示“必须,得”与must相近,但表示别人认为主语“应该,得”  如:He shall go and see his aunt . Shall he open the door ?  △need表示“需要”,否定式needn’t表示“不需要,不用”  如:He need do some washing . You needn’t stay here any more .  △dare表示“敢于……”否定式dare not表示“不敢……”  如:He dare say no to wrong things . He dare not go home alone at night .  注:need与dare除情态动词用法外还有实意动词用法,且意义不变。

        如:  He needs some water .  He doesn’t need to go home .  He needs to go to the hospital right now .  2. could , would , should , might  这四个词除了做过去式外,还表示委婉语,此时与时态无关  △could表示“可以”  如:  You could open the door .  Could you please give me the cup ?  Could I come in ?  △would表示“可以,是否可以”此时一般只用疑问式且只用于you  如:  Would you please give me the book ?  Would you please not go away ?  △would like to do表示“愿意,喜欢”  如:  Would you like to go with me ? I would like to buy this book .  △should表示“应该”“必须”;ought to 用于表示“应该”(强调客观上):(大多情况可用 should 代替)  如:  You should give me the book back .  What should we do next?  He shouldn’t go out on such a bad day .  You ought to go to see the doctor.  You oughtn’t(ought not)to smoke so much.  Each member shall wear a name card.(表示规定)  I should answer his letter as soon as possible.(表示应该)  You shouldn’t judge a man always by the clothes.  The rules shall take effect on Jan. 1st.  △might表示“可以”与may基本上可互换,但他语气较弱。

        如:  You might go home , but you must finish your homework .  3. 情态动词之间的问答与反义疑问句  May / Can I go home now ?  Must I stay here ?  Shall we go now ? All right .  Need I return the book ?  Shall I make some tea ?  【典型例题】  [例1] It’s nearly seven o’clock. Jack ______ be here at any moment.  A. must B. need C. should D. can  (答案为C,表示有把握的主观推测用should不用can,can表示自然而然的推测,且很少用于肯定句中)  [例2] Mr. Brown, many students want to see you, ______ they wait here or outside?  A. shall B. will C. can D. would  (答案为A,shall用于第三人称时表示征求某人对此人的意见)  [例3] —When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon .  —They ______ be ready by 12:00.  A. can B. should C. might D. need  (答案为B,同例1)  [例4] I __________ advise you not to do that again in the future.  A. dare B. would C. should D. need  (答案为C,此处should译为“必须”,表劝告)  [例5] When I went out,whom __________ I meet but our old friend?  A. should B. could C. might D. would  (答案为A,表示“应该”,“需不需要”,征询意见)  [例6] —The room is so dirty. ______we clean it?  —Of course  A. Will B. Shall C. Would D. Do  (答案为B,同上)  [例7] —What’s wrong with your car?  —I don’t know. It just _____ start.  A. mustn’t B couldn’t C. wouldn’t D. shouldn’t  (答案为C,此处不强调车子的能力,而强调事实本身,故用wouldn’t,且此句中宜用can’t而不是couldn’t)  [例8] You ______ take my raincoat. I ______ do without it till tomorrow morning.  A. may, can B. may, may  C. can, may D. must, can  (答案为A,前面表示许可,后面表示能够)  [例9] How_______ there be such a thing?  A. may B. can C. must D. will  (答案为B,表示可能性大的推测)  [例10] He______ have the book when I finish reading it.  A. will B. shall C. must D. ought  (答案为A,表示将要)  [例11] Be quiet, please, or his voice ______ be heard.  A. can’t B. mustn’t C. isn’t able to D. may not  (答案为D,表示可能性,A太绝对)  [例12] Why_____ you always interrupt me?  A. can B. will C. may D. must  (答案为D,此处表示总得…,一定要…)  [例13] What _______ we to do next ?  A. have B. used C. ought D. are  (答案为C,ought to do疑问式)  [例14] If your children ______ do as I tell you , you ______ let them be.  A. won’t, shan’t B.(不填), will  C. don’t, shan’t D. must, shall  (答案为C,主将从现)  [例15] Man ____ die without air or water.  A. will B. shall C. should D. would  (答案为A,表示大的可能性)  [例16] This pen looks like mine, yet it isn’t. Whose ____ it be?  A. must B. can C. would D. will  (答案为B,推测提问)  [例17] _____ I to go and apologize for my mistake?  A. Should B. Need C. Ought D. Have  (答案为C,ought to do疑问式)  [例18] —May I talk about it with anyone I like?  —No, you ______.  A. shouldn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. don’t have to  (答案为B,表示不可以,禁止)  [例19] A teacher______ do every exercise, but a pupil must.  A. may not B. needn’t C. can’t D. mustn’t  (答案为B,表示不必要)  【模拟试题】  ( )1. — I get the。

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