Stereotypes-of-the-British-英美概况.ppt

Stereotypes-of-the-Stereotypes-of-the-British-British-英美概况英美概况Definition of “Stereotype”ØA standardized picture or impression of a person or a country. 刻板印象, 传统模式, 固定的形象ØStereotypes of a nation may not be individually true, but it’s normally the case. vWhat are the first things that come into your mind when you hear the words “UK” “Britain” or “British”？Answer 1vThe man wearing a bowler hat & a striped tie, with a newspaper under the arm and carrying a long un-open umbrella. John Bull: vA personification of England or the English. vA typical Englishman.v约翰牛；英国佬约翰牛；英国佬 – the nickname for BritainJohn Bull 约翰牛约翰牛v出自 16 世纪英国著名作家兼宫廷御医约翰.阿布斯诺特(John Arbuthnot,1667—1735)的政治讽刺作品。

v阿布斯诺特在 1712 年写了一本讽刺小说，名叫《约翰牛的生平》(The History of John Bull)，该书的主人公约翰牛就是英国的人格化、形象化 v可以缩写为 J&BvJohn Bullish 英国精神的，英国人的vJohn Bullist 英国迷Bowler Hat 圆顶礼帽圆顶礼帽Winston ChurchillCharles ChaplinAnswer 2vBig Ben vShakespeare vAfternoon TeaBig Ben vBig Ben is the name of the 13-ton bell which can be found inside the clock tower. vIt was completed in 1859 and named after a bureaucrat (官僚), Sir Benjamin Hall (who oversaw the installation of the Great Bell).vAn excellent timekeeper & one of London’s best-known landmarks. vIt strikes hours with its striking sound broadcast by BBC. Answer 3vRed double-deckersvRoyal family & Princess DianavGardening vFootball and David BeckhamvHorse-ridingBritish gardenAnswer 4 Ways of thinking vTalking about the weather: 1) the uncertainty of the weather; 2) a safe way of being friendly without getting heated – “The weather will hurt none.”vLadies First: Respect the female. This can also be reflected from the expression “Ladies and gentlemen”.vThree “Don’ts”: 1) Don’t jump the queue. 2) Never ask a woman her age. 3) Don’t try to bargain in Britain when you do the shopping.vThree “-ings”: betting, drinking and tippingAnswer from a 13-year-old English Boy:v“Patriotic people. Some think we are snobs (自命不凡的人；势利小人), but we are just proud of our country and Queen. We are very courteous and patient, although as in many countries, there are bad eggs. But on the whole we are a very pleasant nation.”v“And the English are crazy about pet dogs and love them more than their kids!”What are the common characteristics of English people?vTraditionally, an Englishman is thought to be reserved, unemotional, courteous, shy of strangers, suspicious of change and slow to accept new ideas. vHe believes that the English are superior to any other race in the country and even on earth. In one word, the main characteristics of British people are as follows:1.Exclusiveness 孤傲排外2. Conservativeness 因循守旧3. Reserve 沉默缄言4. Politeness 彬彬有礼5. Love of Privacy 热爱独处6. Sense of Humour 英式幽默3. Reserve vThe reserved English people hate small talk (侃大山, 闲聊) and refuse to express their mind freely.vThey hate any attempt to poke into (干涉)　other people’s private affairs.vMany topics for small talk in other countries are under taboo (属禁忌之列) in England.vGossips behind the back of others are considered as a sign of low-breeding (无教养, 庸俗).vLoud speech is also considered ill-bred (没教养的, 不礼貌的).Examples:1. There’re 6 million people in the underground in London every morning, but you can’t hear a sound because everybody is sitting in silence behind his or her newspaper. The only word they speak to each other is “sorry” when they get up and walk out too fast. When you walk through the underground station, you only hear their feet, but can’t hear them talking much.Small talk: Topics to avoidIn general you should avoid taboo topics likepolitics, religion, age and marital status.vHow old are you?vHave you put on weight?vHow much do you earn? 4. PolitenessvAll politeness in Britain is based on the basic rule of showing consideration for others. The British people don’t readily ask you to do anything inconvenient for them. They prefer to wait for such service to be offered.vExcuse me. Sorry. Please. Thank you.vThey are also quite particular about table manners.vThey usually don’t cry or shout in public.vYou should never open a letter addressed to someone else unless he or she has definitely asked you to do so.vIt’s rude to have a look at or copy what the others are writing without permission. vIf you’re waiting for someone in a room, DON’T go around examining things.vNever try to hear a conversation when it’s not intended for you.  Pub Culture in BritainvPub is short for public house. vAre pubs merely drinking places? NO! Pubs are often the social places and community centers. People gather to talk, drink, dance, play games, listen to music and generally enjoy themselves.vMore than three quarters of the British are regular pub-goers. vThey tend to visit the same pubs nearby to meet the same group of friends there. If you haven't been to a pub, you haven't been to Britain. Visitors to Britain may find that the best place to sample local culture is in a traditional pub. 结束结束。