英语句法svo.ppt

句型】SVO •  SVO (1) 主语 + 及物动词 + 名词/代词 • 【用法】在本句型中，及物动词作谓语, 名词或 代词的宾格作宾语一些及物动词用于此结构， 就可表达完整的意义，无须添加其它成分如果 有状语，也可省略，一般不影响句意的完整大 多数这类动词可用于被动语态 • She changed his clothes. (SVO) • I drank a glass of beer.(SVO) • I know her very well. (SVOA) • He wrote two books last year. (SVOA) •  【练习】 •  刚才是谁接的？ • Who answered the telephone just now? •  我简直不能相信我的眼睛 • I just could not believe my eyes. •  他立即听出是他的声音 • He immediately recognized his voice. •  警察抓住了火车上的小偷 • The police caught the thief in the train. •  那位音乐家已收集了500多首民歌。

• The musician has collected over 500 folk songs． •  他们进行的一项科学实验很成功 • They performed a scientific experiment successfully. •  SVO (2) 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 状语 【用法】在本句型中，除主、谓、宾外 ，还有一个状语，状语多为介词短语这 里的状语不可省，否则话未说完，句意便 不清楚 • I put all the books in that box • I found a letter under his pillow.• 【练习】 • 他把桌子推近窗户 • He pushed the table nearer the window. •  她把她的婴儿抱在怀里 • She carried her baby in her arms. •  我们跟随着化学老师进入办公室 • We followed our chemistry teacher into his office. •  昨天校长领着外宾参观了我校 • Yesterday our headmaster showed some foreign guests around our school. • SVO (3) 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 不定 式 • 【用法】在本句型中，动词不定式作状 语表示目的或结果。

表目的时，可在不定 式前加for sb.，表示不定式的逻辑主语；可 在不定式前加in order或so as • He opened the door to let the cat in. • They will need two hours to finish the work.• 【练习】 •  昨天晚上他们开了个晚会来庆祝他们的 成功 • They gave a party to celebrate their success yesterday evening. •  他们学习英语是为了将来更好地工作 • They study English in order to work better in the future. •  他买了一辆自行车给他儿子骑He bought a bike for his son to ride.•  他每天做晨练，为的是增强体质 • He does morning exercise every day so as to build up his body. •  他写了许多小故事让孩子们读 • He wrote quire a few short stories for children to read.•  SVO (3) 主语+及物动词+与动词同源的 名词 • 【用法】在本句型中，不及物动词用作 及物动词，用作宾语的名词与动词同源， 故被称为同源宾语。

• 常见的同源结构是：vt. + a + adj. + n. (与 动词同源的名词)• She smiled a very sweet smile. • 她甜蜜地笑了一笑 • They all slept a sound sleep last night. • 那晚他们都睡得很香 • They laughed a hearty laugh. • 他们发出尽情的欢笑 • He died a heroic death on the battle field. 他在战场上壮烈牺牲了• 【练习】 •  他现在正过着幸福安逸的日子 • He is now living a happy and easy life. •  昨晚我做了一个奇怪的梦 • I dreamt a very strange dream last night. •  为保卫祖国，他们浴血奋战 • They fought a bloody fight to defend their motherland.•  今天上午老师在班上讲了一个神话故事 • The teacher told a fairy tale in class this morning. •  她在晚会上唱了一支优美的歌曲。

• She sang a very nice song at the evening party •  上星期孩子们在运动会上跑了百米 • The boys ran a hundred-metre race at the sports meet last week•  SVO (4) 主语+及物动词+可用作动词的名词 【用法】在本句型中，谓语动词是常用的及物动 词，如have, take, make, do, give等，用作宾语 的名词一般都可作动词掌握该句型的关键是要 记住动词和名词的搭配 • have + n.: a rest, a walk, a look, a bath, a drive, a ride, a nap, a share, a smoke, a try, a haircut, a good time • take + n.: care, a breath, a turn, a notice, measures, a drive, a nap, a bath, a walk, a run, action, a step, an exam• make + n. : progress, a telephone call, preparations, an effort, a discovery, a promise, a change, a mistake, success. • give + n.: a ring, push, a pull, a kick, a smile, a cry, a try, a shout, a laugh, a call, a shock, a lead, touch, a talk, a welcome, a wash, a long sign, a nod, a clean, a blow • do + n. : damage, service, work, exercise, a play, repairs• 【练习】 •  我将尽一切努力帮助他。

• I will make every effort to help him. •  昨夜风暴造成巨大损害 • The storm did a lot of damage last night. •  现在深呼吸，你就会感觉好一些 • Now take a deep breath, and you will feel better. •  他听了这些话，长叹了一声 • When he heard the words, he gave a sign. •  他们深入研究了我们的新方案 • They made a deep study of our new project.•  SVO (5) 主语 + have + 名词 • 【用法】在本句型中，谓语动词是have, 作“有” 解，表示“所有”, “占有”关系, 译成汉语为 “某人(物 )拥有某(人)物”构成疑问句和否定句时有两种办 法：一是借助do, 二是用haven’t /hasn’t表否定， 将have或has 提到主语前构成疑问句在英国英 语中用have got代替have. • He has got a new bike. • I haven’t got any sisters. • She has blue eyes. • The room has two windows. •  【练习】 •  我没有足够的钱买那本书。

• I haven’t got enough money to buy the book. •  一个正方形有四条边 • A square has four sides. •  我妈妈有一段辛酸的童年 • My mother had a very unhappy childhood. •  我们的朋友遍天下 • We have friends all over the world. •  我对英语语法没有多大困难 • I don’t have much difficulty with English grammar．•  SVO (6) 主语 + have + 名词 + 不定式(短语) • 【用法】在本句型中，谓语仍是have (got), 不 定式作名词的定语，表示“(主语)有某事要做”不 定式须为及物动词，若表示不定式的动作是句中 主语做的，不定式用to do(主动式), 若表示不定式 的动作不是由句中主语做的，而是由其他人去做 的，不定式用to be done(被动式) • He has nothing to say. • We have nobody to depend on. • She has a nice room to live in.• 【练习】 •  我今天下午有个会要参加。

• I have (got) a meeting to attend this afternoon. •  经理有不少信要在十二点只天打出来 • The manager has (got) quire a few letters to be typed out before 12 o’clock. •  我有许多信要回 • I have (got) a lot of letter to answer. •  那个秘书要处理的文件太多了 • The secretary has (got) too many papers to deal with. •  我有一件行李要受检查 • I have (got) a piece of luggage to be examined•  SVO (7) 主语 + 短语动词 + 名词 • 【用法】在本句型中，作谓语的是短语 动词(不及物动词加上一个介词)，名词作介 词的宾语短语动词可用被动语态，介词 仍须紧跟动词之后常见的短语动词有： wait for, look after, listen to, depend on, call on, belong to, happen to, hear from,。