9A_(unit4-_unit6)复习_语法.ppt

GrammarUnit 4 –Unit 6 Revision语法分析语法分析：Unit 4: * * between… and… & from…to… * * before, after &until * * while & as * * Comparatives and superlatives Unit 5: * *Past perfect tense * * should, ought to, had better, have to & must * *why not, why don’t you &perhapsUnit 6: * *bring/take, hear/listen, look/see/watch, come/go * *Reported speech with tense changes1.副词的比较级、最高级的构成与用法副词的比较级、最高级的构成与用法1)构成构成: fast – faster /-est (loud, hard, late…)2) early – earlier3) slowly – more/most slowly (clearly, carefully, terribly ) well – better (badly, little, much, far…)2)用法用法: I can run as fast as he. 3) I walk more slowly than he. 4) I study (the) most carefully of all. ※※ He speaks English ____ an American, so we all believe that he has stayed in America for many years. A.as good as B.worse than C.as badly as D.as well as ※※ He didn’t hurt in the accident. But his sister was not so lucky as him. She was hurt much . A. bad, more badly B. badly, worst C. badly, worse D. worse, badly※※ ※※※※ Of all the students, he prepared his lessons , so he got the fewest points in the exam. A. the most careful B. the most carefully C. T C. the most careless D. the most carelessly ※※I study more carefully of the two.He can walk much more quickly than me.It rained more and more heavily.The more I see her, the less I like her.Task 1用用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空括号中所给单词的适当形式填空1.Simon jumps than Kitty, but he doesn’t jump in his class. (high)2. I’m not good at singing. I sing ____________ (bad) in our class.3. Who gets up____________ (early), Sam or Jack?4. You study English as (hard) as your brother, but you don’t speak English so (much) as he.5. I made so many mistakes in the exam, I did it (care), and next time I will do it (care) than this time.higherthe highestthe worstearlierhardmuchcarelesslymore carefullyTask 2 改错改错1.He runs very faster than any other boy in his class.2.Who jump far, Jim, Peter or Frank? 3.We like the weather here better than it in Beijing.4.4. We should speak English as more as we can.muchthe farthestthatmuch2. 过去完成时的意义、结构、用法及句型转换：过去完成时的意义、结构、用法及句型转换：意义意义: : 表示过去某个动作之前所发生的动作表示过去某个动作之前所发生的动作, , 即即过去的过去过去的过去 结构结构: : had + v, had + v, 过去分词过去分词 ( ( hadhad后面加构成否定句后面加构成否定句, , had had 提至主语之前构成疑问提至主语之前构成疑问) ) 用所给词 的适当形式填空1)She _________all her effort into ballet training before she entered 2) the film industry. ( put )2) She ___________a model before she became a superstar. (be)3) She _______an Oscar for Best Actress when she won the Tony Awards. (win)4) _______you______ any of her films before you saw this one ? ( see)5) She ___________(act) in many other action films before she _______ (star) in this film. 6) When we_________(rush )into the cinema, the film ________ __ (start )yet.had puthad beenhad wonHadseenhad actedstarredrushedhadn’t startedΔ过去完成时常用的时间状语过去完成时常用的时间状语1、在过去完成时中，最常用的介词短语就是在过去完成时中，最常用的介词短语就是byby接过去的时间。

如：接过去的时间如：We had learnt 3,0000 English words by the end of last term. By nine o’clock yesterday, my dad hadn’t come back home yet.区别：区别：1) We (be)to Beijing twice since 2000.2) We (be) to Beijing twice by 2000.have beenhad been2、在在when、、before引导的时间状语从句中，如：引导的时间状语从句中，如： When we got to the station, the train had left. We had finished our homework before we went to bed.1)Before I (leave) home this morning, I (get) a call form him.2)2) The film (begin) when I (get) to the cinema. lefthad gothad begungot使用正确的语态和时态填空：使用正确的语态和时态填空：1、、English (not teach) in this school.2、、 you (watch) last night?3、、I’m not tired. I (sleep) for nearly 10 hours.4、、By 2003, the famous writer (write) more than 300 poems.5、、 When the teacher came into the classroom, the students (talk) noisily.6、、The bridge (build) in 1869.7、、She (be) back in two days.8、、Two days later, we (finish) this work.isn’t taught Did watchhave slepthad writtenwere talkingwas builtwill befinished9、、When I got home, the tennis match (finish) already.10、、Can I use your pen? Sorry, I (leave) it at home.11、、Our teacher said that the moon (travel) around the earth.12、、Be quiet, please! The babies (sleep) in the bedroom.13、、-When your homework (finish)? -Tomorrow.14、、We (live) in Nanjing since we were born.15、、He said that he (not eat) breakfast yet. had finishedhave lefttravelsare sleepingwillbe finishedhave livedhadn’t eaten16、、 your mother (take) her dog for a walk after supper? 17、、He was very glad, because he (choose) to be the host of the party last week.18、、-How long he (learn) English? -Since 1998.19、、 you (learn) more than 3,000 English words by the end of last term?20、、He said he (be) an actor in the future.Doestake was chosenhaslearnedHadlearnedwould beØ时态变化：主句是现在时，直接引语变间接引语时，时态不变；时态变化：主句是现在时，直接引语变间接引语时，时态不变； 主句是过去时，直接引语变间接引语时，时态变化如下：主句是过去时，直接引语变间接引语时，时态变化如下：一般一般现在在时现在在进行行时现在在完成完成时一般一般将来将来时一般一般过去去时一般一般过去去时过去去进行行时过去去完成完成时过去去将来将来时过去完成去完成时Ø时间状语变化：时态改变后，时间状语要作相应的改变。

时间状语变化：时态改变后，时间状语要作相应的改变nowtodaytonightthis morning/weektomorrowyesterdaylast month two days ago直接引直接引语间接引接引语直接引直接引语thenthat daythat nightthat morning/weekthe following day/the next daythe day beforethe month beforetwo days before间接引接引语3. 直接引语改为间接引语时的一些时间状语和时间的变化直接引语改为间接引语时的一些时间状语和时间的变化:1)“Stop talking.” he said to us.2) “I like apples,” says he.3) She said, “I’m doing my homework now.”4) “Have you received the letter?” Mary asks Tom.5) “I didn’t see the cat yesterday,” he said to me.6) “When will you come here,” said Kate.7) The teacher said to us: “ The sun rises in the east.”He says that he likes apples.She said she was doing her homework then.Mary asks Tom if he has received the letter.He told me that he hadn’t seen the cat the day before.Kate asked when I would go there.The teacher told us that the sun rises in the east.He asked us to stop talking.将将直接引语变成间接引语直接引语变成间接引语 (注意句式、时态、时间状语、人称、动作的变化）注意句式、时态、时间状语、人称、动作的变化）Ø注意注意:直接引语是祈使句直接引语是祈使句, 用用ask / tell sb. to do sth. 引出引出 ; 是陈述句是陈述句, 用用that 引出引出, that可省略可省略 ; 是一般疑问句是一般疑问句, 用用if / whether 引出引出,问句改成陈述句问句改成陈述句 ; 是特殊问句是特殊问句, 用原疑问词引出用原疑问词引出, 问句改成陈述句问句改成陈述句  如果主句动词为现在时，则如果主句动词为现在时，则间接引语中的动词、时间、时态的形式不变间接引语中的动词、时间、时态的形式不变 ; 直接引语是客观真理直接引语是客观真理, 时态不变时态不变. 人称变化人称变化: 直接引语中的直接引语中的 I 就是主句中的主语就是主句中的主语; 直接引语中的直接引语中的 you 就是就是 I/me/we/us, 特指和谁讲话除外特指和谁讲话除外.动词变化动词变化: say to – tell /ask; come here – go there 等等. 1. Mr Wu said he ________ us to the zoo that week. A. would take B. will take C. take D. takes2. The witness said he _____ under the table at that time. A. hide B. have hidden C. was hiding D. hidden 3. The police asked if anyone _______ tell him some information. A. could B. can C. is able to D. will 4. Can you tell me ___________? A. how far is it B. how can I get there C. how can I get to there D. how I can get there5. Sandy said she ________ all the work. A. finished B. had finished C. has finished D. will finish6. He said he ________ the book the next day. A. buy B. bought C.would buy D. had bought语法巩固语法巩固– 选择填充:7. He says he the moment for ever.A. will remember B. would remember C. remember D. had remembered8. He told me on the radio.A.turn B. please turn C. don’t turn D. not to turn 9.Our teacher told us that the moon around the earth.10. A. go B. goes C. went D. had gone11.10. She said that she France for two years.A.had gone to B. had been to C. had been in D. wasB.11. Do you know a living?C.what he does for B. what does he do forC.how did he do for D. how he did toD.12. He asked Mr. Brown he knew the victim or not.E. A. that B. if C. whether D. /表表4 4、近义词辨析、近义词辨析达运用达运用1) There is no secret ________ you and me.2) Spring lasts ______February ___May.3) The children ask for candies _____house ___house at Halloween.5) We have no lessons ________ 3:50 p.m. and 4:50 p.m. every day.6) The students _________ one and sixteen aren’t allowed to smoke7) We have a meeting _______ 2 o’clock and 4 o’clock in the afternoon.8)The film will go on ______ 2 o’clock ____ 4 o’clock in the afternoon.9) He worked ______morning ____night to support his family. a. from…to… / between… and…betweenbetweenfromtofromtobetweenØ注意注意: 二者既可表时间二者既可表时间,又可表地点又可表地点, 意思相同意思相同, 但不能交差使用但不能交差使用 from...to…偏重于表达动作的延续偏重于表达动作的延续, (from morning till/to night) between…and…则偏重于段时间内发生的事情则偏重于段时间内发生的事情.betweenfromtofromtob. as / while 翻译句子1.我父亲在看报纸时睡着了.2. 妈妈做饭的时候，我在做作业。

3. 我到家的时候，他正在吃晚饭 4. 她沿着那条路走着，心里想着她父亲 My father fell asleep while/as he was reading the newspaper.He was reading the newspaper when his father fell asleep.While Mum was cooking dinner, I was doing my homework.While/As he was having supper , I got home.When I got home, he was having supper. As/When she walked along the road, she thought about her father.Ø注意注意: as/while 两个都是连词两个都是连词, 可引导时间状语从句，但用法有所不同可引导时间状语从句，但用法有所不同1)当某事正在进行的时候，又发生了另一件事当某事正在进行的时候，又发生了另一件事2) While, as 都可用来引导表示都可用来引导表示“背景背景”的时间状语从句。

的时间状语从句2) 当两个长动作同时进行的时候当两个长动作同时进行的时候, 常用的是常用的是while3) 当两个动作都表示发展变化的情况时，最常用的是当两个动作都表示发展变化的情况时，最常用的是as4) 当两个短动作同时发生时，或表示当两个短动作同时发生时，或表示“一边一边…一边一边…”时，最常用时，最常用as例如：例如：As/While I was walking down the street I noticed a police car.While mother was cooking lunch, I was doing my homework.As children get older, they become more and more interested in things around them.Just as he caught the bird, he gave a loud cry.She looked behind from time to time as she went.语法回顾语法回顾c. before until after 1) I couldn’t fall asleep ______ 12 o’clock.2) ____ _ the film finishes, you won’t find out the answer.3) We should brush our teeth ______ going to bed.4) The lost key was founded ______ three days.5) She had worked for ten years _______she got there.6) ______ the teacher went out, the students talked excitedly.7) Wash your hands meals.8) Let’s wait the rain stops.9) taking a shower, I went to bed.10) I won’t watch Cartoon World I finish my homework.until/ beforeUntil/BeforebeforeafterbeforeAfterØbefore, after, until 既是连接词（既是连接词（2、、5、、6、、8、、10句）又是句）又是介词介词(1、、3、、4、、7、、 9句句)Ø它们所引导条件状语从句中，常用现在时表示将来时。

它们所引导条件状语从句中，常用现在时表示将来时2、、 10句）句）Ø当当until 用于肯定句中，主句的谓语动词必须是延续性的动词（第用于肯定句中，主句的谓语动词必须是延续性的动词（第8句）；存在于否定句句）；存在于否定句中时中时, 译译: “ 直到直到 … 才才 … ”1、、2、、10句）句）beforeuntilAfteruntil/befored. 用用 should, ought to, had better, have to, must 表示建议表示建议keep quietWe should We had better We ought toWe have to We mustin a gentle wayIn a more forceful wayWe shouldn’t We ought not to We’d better notWe don’t have to We mustn’tin a gentle wayIn a more forceful waymake a noise选用选用should, ought to, had better, have to, must及其否定形式填充及其否定形式填充1) You __________ arrive early so that you will not miss anything. 2) You __________go to the washroom before the film begins. 3) You __________buy some popcorn or soft drinks before the film begins. 4) You _________keep quiet while watching the film. 5) You __________bring a jacket to the cinema because you might feel cold.had betterought tohad betterhave toshould6) You __________ quarrel while watching films.7) You ______________ eat snacks .8) You ___________________ take two sweaters there.9) You __________________________ make any noise.10)You ____________ spit at the cinema.mustn’thad better notdon’t have toshouldn’t / ought not tomustn’te. 用用 why not, why don’t you, perhaps 表示建议表示建议I’m very thirsty. What should I do? •Why not drink some water?•Why don’t you drink some water?•Perhaps you should drink some water.1)_________ go to the beach? __________ you could go swimming.2)_______________join our study group? 3)-- I don't really like chat shows. -- __________go out for a walk then? 4) going swimming with us together this afternoon? Why notPerhapsWhy don’t youWhy notØ Why not / Why don’t you 后面跟动词原形后面跟动词原形,.ØPerhaps 常用于句首常用于句首, 后面跟句子后面跟句子ØWhat / How about 后接动名词形式后接动名词形式What /How about drinking some water?What /How aboutf. bring / take 1) the empty box away, and me a full one.2) Please me some soft drinks.3) He always an umbrella with him when he goes to work.4) Don’t your dirty dog here. it over there.TakebringbringtakesbringTaketake 有关的词组和句型：有关的词组和句型：take away; take off; take actions; take a walk;take a seat; take medicine; take a close look at; take in; take photos；； take a shower; take a bus; take place; take sth.out of sth.; a good take; It takes/took sb. some time to do sth….g. hear / listen (to) / sound1)I like music.2)2) The song nice.3)3) I the teacher, but I could nothing.4)4) ! There are some girls singing in the room.5)5) I have never of this story?6)6) If you carefully, you can some birds sing in the tree.7)7) What does the music like?8)8) Did you from your cousin yesterday?listening to soundslistened tohearListenheardlistenhearsoundhearh. look (at)/ see/ watch/ read1)My grandpa is used to newspapers at breakfast.2)I him carefully but couldn’t anything unusual.3)3) Did you the football match yesterday?4)4) He was last leaving his office at 7 p.m.5)5) ! There are many people over there.6)6) If you the programme tonight. You will your 7)favourite animals.8)7) Have you ever his novels before?9)8) I him enter the room.readinglooked atseewatchseenLookwatchseereadsawe / go1)Miss Li told me that she would to see me.2)2) Please back home earlier. Your mother must be waiting for you now.3)3) Please back home earlier. I will wait for you to have dinner together.4)4) I don’t know where to tomorrow.5)5) She shopping early in the morning but bought nothing.6)6) Flowers out in spring.7)7) Where is your dad? He has to HongKong.8)8) What is your plan for the egocomegowentcomegonecoming 1) 每年有很多游客来参观南京每年有很多游客来参观南京. There are ______________ tourists to visit Nanjing every year. 2) 出席演唱会的歌迷有出席演唱会的歌迷有2000多人多人. ______________ fans is more than 2000 at the Music Awards.Øa number of … “许多许多,大量的大量的… ”（后接可数名（后接可数名词复数）词复数） the number of … “… 的数字的数字 / … 的数量的数量” （后接（后接谓语单数形式）谓语单数形式）j. a number of… / the number of…a number ofThe number ofk. die, dead, death 1.His grandfather _______ in 1990.2.His grandfather _______________since 1990.3.He felt sad as soon as he thought of his son’s ______.4.There is a _______ dog lying in his doorway.5.When the police arrived at the crime, they found the victim___.6.The young man was killed with a knife and bled to _________.7.His father _________before he was born.8.The _______ leaves were buried under ground.9.The film star _______in his house and no one could tell the reason of his ___________.diedhas been deaddeathdeaddeaddeathhad dieddead v. adj. n.dieddeathl. perhaps, maybe, probably, may be adv. adv. adv. 情态动词情态动词+动词原型动词原型 句首句首 句首句首 句中句中 句中谓语句中谓语1)___________________ he can help you with your English.2)He ___________ late for the meeting because of the heavy traffic.3)He ___________ forgot to bring his homework here.4)He ________ go sightseeing with his parents.Perhaps / Maybe may be probably may m. discover, find, find out, look for, search 1) 他找到了丢失的钥匙吗？他找到了丢失的钥匙吗？ Has he _________ the lost key?2) 你知道谁发现美洲的吗你知道谁发现美洲的吗? Do you know who ____________ America？？3) 她找到了问题的关键她找到了问题的关键. She has ____________ the key to the problem.4)你在找什么？你在找什么？5) What are you ?5）他们到山上找那个迷路的孩子。

他们到山上找那个迷路的孩子 They the mountain for the missing boy.founddiscoveredfound outØ discover “发现发现” 用于发现原本存在的但尚未被人挖掘或认识的事物用于发现原本存在的但尚未被人挖掘或认识的事物Ø look for “寻找寻找” 丢失物体，强调过程；相当于丢失物体，强调过程；相当于search forØ find “找到找到” 用于找到丢失的物体用于找到丢失的物体, 强调结果强调结果Ø find out “找出、查明找出、查明 (真相真相) ” 用于经过一番调查而得出的结论用于经过一番调查而得出的结论Øsearch “寻找寻找” “搜索搜索”，强调寻找的地点强调寻找的地点 looking forsearched。