1蝾螈细胞内发现共生藻类.doc

蝾螈细胞内发现共生藻类 魔幻电影《哈利·波特》中哈利·波特在水中呼吸的“鱼鳃草”或将成为现实！目前，科学家通过合并人类DNA和海藻，试图寻找人类在水下呼吸的一种最佳途径 在对蝾螈的一项实验中，他们发现产生氧气的海藻可与蝾螈的卵紧密地结合在一起，以至它们两者无法分离通过未来更深入地展开研究，他们希望有一天能够将海藻和人类DNA结合在一起，这将使人类具备水栖能力，能够像哈利·波特吃了鱼鳃草一样在水中不必露出水面换气 在这项最新研究中，科学家计划改变人类的DNA细胞，并使它更像海藻，实际上可释放出氧气来自加拿大达尔豪斯大学的研究人员发现，自人类诞生以来，人类DNA细胞吸收了数百种病菌在对蝾螈的实验中，海藻能够进入到蝾螈胚胎，从一定意义上讲，蝾螈已是半植物体伴随着蝾螈的成长，其体内的海藻并不会排出体外，这意味着半植物体蝾螈能够逐渐发育成熟 这是首次记录的脊椎动物与植物的共生关系，科学家称，未来生物工程师可使用海藻作为其它有机生物的氧气来源，并与人类身体完美地结合在一起这项研究发表在近期出版的美国《国家科学院院刊》（PNAS）上来源：腾讯科技 叶孤城）Intracellular invasion of green algae in a salamander hostRyan Kerneya,1, Eunsoo Kimb, Roger P. Hangarterc, Aaron A. Heissa, Cory D. Bishopd, and Brian K. Halla+ Author AffiliationsaDepartment of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 4J1; bDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 1X5; cDepartment of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405; and dDepartment of Biology, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS, Canada B2G 2W5 Edited by David B. Wake, University of California, Berkeley, CA, and approved February 18, 2011 (received for review December 6, 2010) AbstractThe association between embryos of the spotted salamander (Ambystoma maculatum) and green algae (“Oophila amblystomatis” Lamber ex Printz) has been considered an ectosymbiotic mutualism. We show here, however, that this symbiosis is more intimate than previously reported. A combination of imaging and algal 18S rDNA amplification reveals algal invasion of embryonic salamander tissues and cells during development. Algal cells are detectable from embryonic and larval Stages 26–44 through chlorophyll autofluorescence and algal 18S rDNA amplification. Algal cell ultrastructure indicates both degradation and putative encystment during the process of tissue and cellular invasion. Fewer algal cells were detected in later-stage larvae through FISH, suggesting that the decline in autofluorescent cells is primarily due to algal cell death within the host. However, early embryonic egg capsules also contained encysted algal cells on the inner capsule wall, and algal 18S rDNA was amplified from adult reproductive tracts, consistent with oviductal transmission of algae from one salamander generation to the next. The invasion of algae into salamander host tissues and cells represents a unique association between a vertebrate and a eukaryotic alga, with implications for research into cell–cell recognition, possible exchange of metabolites or DNA, and potential congruence between host and symbiont population structures. print · Skip to main navigation· Skip to main content· Skip to search · Science&Tech Home · Pictures · Gadgets Gifts and Toys Store · My Profile · Logout · Login Wednesday, Apr 13 2011 3PM  11°C 6PM 8°C 5-Day Forecast Could man soon be able to breathe underwater? Scientists eye possibility of merging human and algae DNABy Daniel BatesLast updated at 6:13 PM on 6th April 2011· Comments (22) · Add to My Stories It looks like the gillyweed from the Harry Potter films could one day be a reality.Scientists have discovered a way for humans to potentially breathe underwater by merging our DNA with that of algae.In research on salamanders they found that oxygen-producing algae have bonded with their eggs so closely that the two are now inseparable.By studying the mechanism further, they hope that the same process could be applied to humans one day too.Breakthrough: In research on salamanders scientists found that oxygen-producing algae have bonded with their eggs so closely that the two are now inseparableThis would allow us to swim without coming up for air like Harry does in Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire.In the film the slimy plant gives Harry gills on the side of his neck and lets him breathe underwater like a fish. More...· How the desire for a simple milkshake stems from the same part of the brain that drives a drug addict's craving· Toads and newts in ponds across Britain to be tested to map spread of killer fungusThe real-life version however could work on a more fundamental level and change our DNA so that we are more like algae, which actually give off oxygen even though they are on the sea bed.Researchers from Dalhousie University in Halifax, Canada, found that human DNA is packed with hundreds of viruses we have absorbed since mankind came to be.They applied this theory to salamanders because algae often got stuck in their embryos - and found that some salamanders are literally part algae.The algae does not leave as the salamander grows, meaning that by the time they are fully formed adults, salamanders are part plant.It is hoped the same process would allow us to swim without coming up for air - just like Harry Potter in Harry Potter and the Goblet of FireThe discovery is the first documented case of a plant living in partnership, or symbio。