
【创新设计】(教师用书)高考英语二轮复习-核心考点一-名词(含解析).doc
10页二轮专题复习·英语 第一篇 单项填空第一篇 单项填空核心考点一 名词——学好语法的基础【考向聚焦】名词是高考每年必考的语法项目近三年的考查要点主要集中在名词辨析上,特别是抽象名词的辨析不仅是单项填空,而且完形填空中也大量出现其他常考的语法点还有:①抽象名词具体化;②专有名词普通化;③与冠词的连用;④固定搭配1.(2013·湖北,21)Poetry written from the________of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging. A.perspective B.priority C.participation D.privilege解析 考查名词辨析句意:从都市青年的角度写的诗歌倾向于反映他们对缺乏归属感的焦虑A项意为“观点,看法”;B项意为“优先,优先权”;C项意为“参加,参与;分享”;D项意为“特权;荣幸”结合句意可知正确答案为A项答案 A2.(2013·湖北,22)Carbon dioxide, which makes a________between us and the sun, prevents heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily, so the earth is becoming warmer.A.difference B.comparison C.connection D.barrier解析 句意:二氧化碳,在我们与太阳之间设置了一道屏障,阻止热量轻易地散发到大气层中,因此地球正变得更暖和。
A项意为“区别,不同”;B项意为“对比,比较”;C项意为“联系”;D项意为“障碍,屏障”故选D项答案 D3.(2013·江苏,33)With inspiration from other food cultures,American food culture can take a________for the better.A.share B.chance C.turn D.lead解析 考查名词辨析句意:受到了其它饮食文化的启发,美国的饮食文化正朝更好的方向发展share意为“分享”;chance意为“机会”;turn意为“转变”;lead意为“领导”答案 C4.(2013·江西,22)Whenever I made mistakes,the teacher pointed them out with ________.A.curiosity B.satisfactionC.envy D.patience解析 考查名词辨析curiosity意为“好奇心”;satisfaction意为“满意”;envy意为“嫉妒”;patience意为“耐心”根据句意“每当我犯错的时候,老师总是耐心地指出我的错误”可知D项意义合适。
答案 D5.(2013·辽宁,23)The accident caused some________to my car,but it's nothing serious.A.harm B.injury C.ruin D.damage解析 考查名词辨析句意:这次事故对我的车造成一些损伤,但不严重根据but it's nothing serious可知损伤不严重,用damage表示可以修复harm一般指对人的无形伤害;injury指对人体部位的挫伤;ruin指不可修复的严重伤害答案 D6.(2013·天津,7)While she was in Paris,she developed a ________for fine art.A.way B.relation C.taste D.habit解析 考查名词辨析develop a taste for fine art意为“培养对美术的兴趣”way意为“方法”;relation意为“关系”;taste意为“口味;兴趣”;habit意为“习惯”答案 C7.(2013·浙江,4)As the world's population continues to grow,the ________ of food becomes more and more of a concern.A.worth B.supply C.package D.list解析 句意:随着世界人口持续增长,食品的供应成了人们越来越关心的事情。
worth意为“价值”;supply意为“供应”;package意为“包装”;list意为“名单”根据句意知,B项为正确答案答案 B8.(2012·山东)My first ________ of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.A.expression B.attentionC.satisfaction D.impression解析 句意:我对他的第一印象是,他是一个友好且体贴的年轻人本题考查名词辨析A:表达;B:注意力;C:满意;D:印象答案 D9.(2012·福建)—Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency.—Well,you know,English is my ________.So it is my best choice.A.strength B.talent C.ability D.skill解析 句意:——你为什么选择去一家国际旅行社工作?——哦,你知道英语是我的强项因此,这是我的最佳选择本题考查名词辨析strength意为“长处,强项”;talent意为“才能”;ability意为“能力”;skill意为“技能”。
答案 A10.(2012·湖北)It is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye disease that may not have any ________.A.symptom B.similarity C.sample D.shadow解析 句意:定期检查眼睛看看是否患上可能无任何症状的眼疾,这很重要symptom意为“症状;症候”;similarity意为“相似”;sample意为“样本”;shadow意为“阴影”A项符合句意答案 A自查自纠表题号12345678910得分考点正误思考我的盲点:我将________典例1】 Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000,a(n) ________ of 40,000 per year.(2010·江西) A.average B.number C.amount D.quantity解析 句意:去年考过驾照的学生人数达到了20万,平均每年4万。
an average of意为“平均数”答案 A【典例2】 Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional ________.(2011·江苏,27)A.consequence B.independenceC.competence D.intelligence解析 句意:教师必须不断地更新自己的知识来保持专业技能水平考查名词辨析professional competence意为“专业技能”,符合句意consequence意为“后果,结果”;independence意为“独立”;intelligence意为“智力”,均不符合题意答案 C1.(2012·江西)You'd better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future ________.A.purpose B.reference C.progress D.memory解析 句意:你最好记下那家餐馆的以便将来参考for future reference是固定搭配,意为“以备将来参考”。
答案 B2.(2012·江苏)—Can I help you with it?—I appreciate your ________,but I can manage it myself.A.advice B.question C.offer D.idea解析 根据句意“——我能帮你吗?——我很感谢你的提议,但是我自己能行可知选Coffer意为“(愿为某人做某事的)提议;提供”答案 C近五年高考常考的名词:accent,account,aspect,attitude,attempt,atmosphere,advantage,average,admission,ambition,anniversary,appointment,anxiety,appetite,conclusion,contrast,challenge,consequence,direction,evidence,emergency,effect,effort,function,insurance,intelligence,identity,impression,occasion,occupation,summary,sympathy,standard,sign,ficance,schedule,principle,potential,welfare名词短语:a series of,a range of,a variety of,find fault with,make sense,make a difference to【典例3】 —What do you think of the manager of your company?—Oh,he is ________ manager who's pleasant to work with.It's ________ pleasure to work with him.A.the;a B.a;a C.a;the D./;a解析 第一空用不定冠词表示类别,意思是“他是那种很好相处的经理”;第二空a pleasure的意思是“一件愉快的事”,这里是抽象名词具体化。
故答案为B答案 B【典例4】 —I find it very difficult to read ________ novel you lent me last week.—Yes.It's necessary to have ________ good knowledge of history.A.the;/ B.a;/ C.the;a D.a;a解析 第一空特指对方上周所借给“我”的小说,故应填定冠词;但考生可能以为第二空后面是抽象名词,为不可数名词,不填冠词,于是错选A然而,此处kno。
