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高考形容词与副词常考点(1).doc

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    • 一、考察形容词和副词的基本用法   形容词在句中一般作定语、表语、补语,而副词在句中重要作状语如:   (1)Tom sounds very much  ______in the job, but I’m not sure whether he can manage it. (安徽)     A. interested   B. interesting C. interestingly  D. interestedly   解析:句中sounds意为“听起来”,是系动词,后接表语,要用形容词,排除C和D;又因表达“对……感爱好”,用interested答案是A  (2)We don't care if a hunting dog smells _____, but we really don't want him to smell______. (1995上海)   A. well; well  B. bad; badly  C. well; badly  D. badly; bad  解析:句意是:“我们不在乎猎狗闻 起来难闻,但是我们的确不但愿它的嗅觉力差前者smell是系动词,后接形容词,后者smell是行为动词,用副词来修饰;此外well作形容词是表达人身体好、气色好,用在此句中不行,只能作副词用。

      答案是B   (3)These oranges taste _______. (1991全国)    A. good  B. well     C. to be good  D. to be well 析:因taste(尝起来)是系动词,后要接形容词作表语,故选A4)—What a nice fire you have in your fireplace! —During the winter I like my house ___.(上海春)  A. warmly and comfortably   B. warm and comfortable C. warm and comfortably   D. warmly and comfortable 解析:在宾语后补语要用形容词答案是B5)She doesn't speak ________her friend, but her written work is excellent. (1993全国)    A. as well as    B. so often as  C. so much as    D. as good as解析:由语境可知,前一分句的意思是:“她不如她朋友说得好。

      修饰动词speak,用副词well答案是A     (6)He drives much ________than he did three years ago. (1981全国)   A. careful   B. carefully C. more careful D. more carefully 解析:由than可知要用比较级,排除A和B;修饰动词drives要用副词作状语,排除C答案是D7)______, some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless. (上海春)     A. Strangely enough B. Enough strangely C. Strange enough D. Enough strange   解析:由语境可知,选项是修饰整个句子的状语,应用副词,排除选项C和D;又因enough修饰副词要放在所修饰的副词后,排除B答案是A 二、考察形容词作定语的后置规律    形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词前,但下列三种状况形容词要后置:①形容词短语作定语时;②表语形容词作定语时;③修饰复合不定代词时。

      如:    (8)_______to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills. (全国) A. Brave enough students    B. Enough brave students     C. Students brave enough  D. Students enough brave   解析:由enough要放在所修饰的形容词brave之后,排除选项B和D;brave enough与背面的不定式构成形容词短语作定语,要放在所修饰的名词students之后,排除A答案是C (9) All the people ______at the party were his supporters. (北京)    A. present     B. thankful  C. interested  D. important  解析:由于要在名词后作定语,选项中只有present(出席的,在场的)这个表语形容词作定语才可以放在所修饰的名词后,故选A。

         三、考察多种形容词作定语的排序    多种形容词修饰名词时,其排序规律是:(限定词+限度副词+) 描绘+大小(长短、高下)+形状+年龄(新旧)+颜色+国籍或产地+物质材料+类别或用途+名词如: (10) John Smith, a successful businessman, has a ______car. (辽宁)   A. large German white   B. large white German C. white large German  D. German large white  解析:large是“大小”,German是“产地”,white是“颜色”;其排列顺序应当是“大小+颜色+产地”  (11)______ students are required to take part in the boat race. (浙江)  A. Ten strong young Chinese     B. Ten Chinese strong young C. Chinese ten young strong  D. Young strong ten Chinese    解析:根据“限定词+形容词+名词”,数词属于限定词,选出A和B来;再根据“描绘(strong)+大小(young)+国籍(Chinese)”,因此选A。

       (12)The _____house smells as if it hasn’t been lived in for years. (江苏)  A. little white wooden B. little wooden white C. white wooden little D. wooden white little  解析:由于little是限定词,应放在形容词前面,排除C和D;表达颜色的应放在表达物质材料的形容词的前面,因此只有A对答案:A   (13)This _____girl is Linda’s cousin. (北京)   A. pretty little Spanish B. Spanish little pretty C. Spanish pretty little  D. little pretty Spanish   解析:pretty是描绘性形容词,little是表达大小的形容词,Spanish是表达国籍的形容词,因此,它们的排序是pretty little Spanish答案是A   注:限定词的排序:前位限定词 (指量限定词all, both, half等;倍数词double, twice等;分数词one-third,  two-fifths等) +中位限定词 (冠词,批示代词,形容词性物主代词,名词所有格)+后位限定词 (序数词及last, next等;基数词及few, several等)。

      如:      (14) The husband gave his wife ______every month in order to please her. (重庆)  A. all half his income B. his half all income C. half his all income   D. all his half income      解析:all和half都是前位限定词,his是中位限定词,因此his要位于all和half之后,故选A   (15)-How was your recent visit to Qingdao?   -It was great. We visited some friends, and spent the ______days at the seaside. (1995全国)   A. few last sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny few D. few sunny last   解析:sunny与day的关系最密切,要紧靠day,或者根据last和few是限定词,要放在描绘性形容词sunny的前面,排除选项C和D;凭语感或由学过的in the last few years可知,last要放在few前,排除选项A。

      答案是B 四、考察副词在句中的位置规律   副词修饰形容词或其他副词时,一般位于被修饰词的前面,但enough却要放在被修饰的形容词或副词的背面如:(16)Although she did not know Boston well, she made her way __to the Home Cirele Building. (湖南)    A. easy enough   B. enough easy    C. easily enough  D. enough easily 解析:因make one’s way to是固定词组,意为“前去”,修饰动词made要用副词,排除选项A和B;副词enough修饰形容词或副词,要放在背面,排除D答案是C   (17) If I had ______, I'd visit Europe, stopping at the small interesting places. (1998全国)   A. a long enough holiday   B. an enough long holiday         C. a holiday enough long       D. a long holiday enough   解析:形容词long要放所修饰的名词holiday前;副词enough要放在所修饰的long之后,故选A。

      此外,①频度副词always, usually, often, never等一般放在行为动词前,或者情态动词、助动词或be动词之后②表达方式的副词一般放在“动词(+宾语)”之后;③同步有表达时间、地点和方式的副词时,其顺序一般为:方式+。

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