形容词、副词(六年级英语).doc

.形容词、副词词及其比较等级一． 形容词、副词的概念形容词：是用来直接或间接地修饰，限定名词来说明人或物的性质、状态或特性的词副词：是用来修饰动词或整个句子，使其更具体、更全面、更生动地描述动作或整个事情进行情况的词一．形容词、副词的用法1.形容词一般在句子中作定语，放在名词前，都含有“……的”意思如：a nice watch 一只漂亮的手表a clever boy一个聪明的男孩an empty box一个空箱子a beautiful girl一个美丽的女孩delicious food 可口的食物an interesting book一本有趣的书注意：有些形容词只能放在连系动词后做表语，不能修饰名词如： The boy is asleep.Lucy and Lily look alike.Her mother is ill.2.副词一般修饰动词，可以放在句子的前面、中间或最后如：They live happily.(快乐地)They are listening to the teacher carefully.（认真地）Don’t speak loudly in class.（大声地）注意：连系动词不用副词修饰，直接加形容词做表语。

连系动词有feel, smell, get, become, turn, sound, look等如：Her face became pale.苍白的The fish smells terrible.难闻的The food tastes delicious.可口的This cloth feels soft.柔软的3. 部分形容词加-ly可变成副词如：形容词 副词quick quicklyslow slowlyquiet quietlycareful carefullyhappy happily注意：并不是以ly结尾的单词都是副词，名词加-ly可变形容词如： 名词 形容词friend friendly友好的sister sisterly 姐妹的brother brotherly兄弟的love lovely可爱的有些名词加-y可变成形容词如：名词 形容词rain rainy下雨的snow snowy下雪的could cloudy多云的salt salty咸的fog fogy有雾的sand sandy有沙的wind windy有风的三．形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则大多数形容词、副词都有等级的变化，表示“比……更……”或“最……”。

形容词用来表示物得等级差别一般有原级、比较级和最高级三种形式如：tall- taller- tallest little- less- least fast- faster- fastest1.规则变化规则原级比较级最高级一般情况下，+er, +estquickcleverquickerclevererquickestcleverest一不发音的e结尾的单音节词，+r, +stnicelargenicerlargernicestlargest以辅音字母加y结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再+er, +estheavyeasyhappyheaviereasierhappierheaviesteasiesthappiest重读闭音节结尾的形容词或副词，要双写末尾的辅音字母，再+er, +estfatbigthinwetfatterbiggerthinnerwetterfattestbiggestthinnestwettest部分双音节和多音节词要在前面加more或mostcarefulinterestingbeautifulmore carefulmore interestingmore beautifulmost carefulmost interestingmost beautiful2.不规则变化good/well- better- bestbad- worse- worstmany/much- more- mostlittle- less- leastfar- farther- farthestfar- further- furthestold- older- oldestold- elder- elder四．形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法。

一．原级的用法1. as 原级as… 如…一样…A or B?如：Lily is as tall as Lucy.莉莉和露西一样高2. not as…as…=not so…as… 不如…… (表示否定)如: Mike is not as clever as Tom.迈克不如汤姆聪明He is not so tall as his sister. 他没有姐姐长得高二．形容词、副词的比较级的用法1. 句子结构：A + be….比较级 than + B如：He is taller than me .他长得比我高注意：much, rather, far, a bit, a little, even这些词常用来修饰形容词或副词的比较级 如：He is much taller than Peter. 他的个子比彼得的个子高得多2. 形容词或副词的最高级前要用the,副词的最高级前的the可省去如：He runs (the) fastest in his class.他在班上跑得最快Yao Ming is the tallest in Chinese basketball team.姚明是中国篮球队中长得最高的队员。

3. who/which + be+ 比较级，如： Who is taller, Tom or John?4. much/ a little, a lot等可以修饰比较级如：The elephant is much bigger than the dog.5. the + 比较级，the + 比较级 表示“越如：The more you learn, the more you know.6. 形容词比较级+ and +形容词比较级 表示“越来越如：The clothes are more and more expensive.衣服越来越贵了The ball is bigger and bigger. 气球越来越大了三．形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法1 .who/which + be+ 比较级，如： Who is the tallest, Tom , Tim or John?2. one of the 最高级+名词复数： 表示最其中之一如：She is one of the tallest girls in her class.3. ……+ be + the +序数词+ 最高级+单数名词+比较范围 表示“是…的第几”如：She is the second tallest student in our class. 她是我们班第二高的学生。

专题训练 （简单型）一．按要求写出下列单词的正确形式1. good(比较级)_____________ 2. thin (最高级) _____________3. heavy(比较级) _____________ 4. happy(最高级) _____________5. bad(比较级) _____________ 6. little(最高级) _____________7. far(比较级) _____________ 8. careful(副词) _____________9. slow(副词) _____________ 10. earliest (原级) _____________一．写出下面次的比较级和最高级1. tall ____________ ____________ 2. heavy ____________ ___________3. small ____________ ____________ 4. big ____________ ___________5. young ____________ ____________ 6. old ____________ ___________7. fat ____________ ____________ 8. strong ____________ ___________9. thin ____________ ____________ 10. much ____________ ___________11. good ____________ ____________ 12. little ____________ ___________13. easy ____________ ____________ 14. large ____________ ___________15. high ____________ ____________ 16. pretty ____________ ___________17. late ____________ ____________ 18. slowly ___________ ___________19. beautiful ____________________ ______________________20. interesting __________________ _______________________二．选择题。

简单型)（ ）1. The yellow shoes are _________ than the blue ones.A. expensive B. expensiver C. more expensive （ ）2. A cow is ______ bigger than a mouse.A. more B. much C. many（ ）3. Who’s the ______, Jean, Joan or Jennet?A. thinner B. thinest C. thinnest（ ）4. I don’t have enough mo。