高中英语改错考点总结.docx

改错考点总结一. 动词的时态与语态使用错误1.动词的时态以及形式错误①当全文时态为过去时态时，动词时态误用为一般现在时（应特别注意这个错误）如：（2010浙）after shopping，Mother and I went a restaurant for.I notice mother looking at a nearby table occupied by an elderly woman and a young couple.解析：从全文看是叙事性短文，时态为过去时，谓语动词应使用一般过去时，应把notice改为noticed.（2010 全国2）At that time，we often spend time together.解析：句中at that time，可知时态为过去时态，应把spend改为spent.②时态应为过去式时，动词时态形式误用为过去分词如：（2010.辽）Her hair was black and purple，and she worn sports shoes and a black sweater.解析：此处动词wear作谓语，叙述的是过去的事情，且and在此连接两个句子，其应和上句was使用相同的时态，故应用wearde过去式wore.③时态为过去完成时，助动词的时态误用为现在完成时如：（2010 全国1）All I had to do was to write a stroy and present it.My teachers have been telling me how great my writing was.解析：语境叙述过去的事情，而本句谈论的是过去动作之前的情况，因此要用过去完成进行时（have改成had）④时态为一般过去时，动词时态误用为过去完成时.如：（2010课标全国） On the box was a card saying ：“25 centS each.”“You will never sell these for that much,”he told Nick Convinced，Nich has brought the price up to cents a piece.解析：去掉has，本文为讲述发生在过去的一个故事，应用一般过去时.⑤时态为一般现在时，且主语为不可数名词时，动词时态形式为误用为原型如：（2009 重庆）For example，Shanghai food，a little bit sweet，differ from Sichuan food that is rather hot.解析：主语是food，为不可数名词，所以应用单三动词形式.故把 differ 改为 differs.⑥时态为现在完成时，动词时态形式误用为原型如：（07 宁夏、海南）Since then we haven't see much，but we've kept writing to each other.解析：此处是完成时形式，应是have+过去分词（see改成seen）PS：时态错误主要是第①种类型，考到的几率非常大，应侧重于①.其它五种知道就行.而且时态错误每年每省必考1---2个.所以首先要明确文章时态，这很关键，然后才可轻易拿下1分.2.动词的语态错误②被动语态缺be如：（08 天津）I （）invited to talk about Tianjin.解析：句子中的主语I和动词invite之间是被动关系，应用被动语态.②被动语态误用主动时态If I have the honor to be choose to work for the 29th Olypic Games.解析：I与choose的关系是动宾关系，故须用choose的过去分词chosen.PS：主要看人与谓语动词是主动还是被动关系二.冠词误用1.冠词的缺失①单数可数名词第一次出现没加定冠词如：（2010课标全国）My friend Nick told me （）story about his experience back in the US.解析：单数可数名词story第一次出现，需加不定冠词a.②泛指名词前少不定冠词如：（2010浙）I noticed mother looking at a nearby table occupied by an elderly woman and （）young couple.解析：名词短语young couple 是可数名词单数，表泛指，应加a.③序数名词前少定冠词the如：（09.宁夏、海南）I remember asking for a room as far away from the lifts as possible and they found me a comfortable one on（）second floor.解析：序数词second前应加定冠词the修饰特指.④固定词组前缺少冠词如：（2010 全国2）We would be separated for （）long time.解析：for a long time 为固定词组，故应加a.⑤特定名词前少定冠词如（2008 全国2）I will learn more about （）history of the olympic as well as the 2008 Olympic Games.解析：history后带of短语，此处为特指，故应加定冠词thePS：应在特指名词和文章中第二次出现的名词前加the.2.冠词的误加.在名词前又限定词more、his、her……多加the如：(2007全国1）Because there are more the honors and joys in my life.解析：因为名词honors and joys 之前已有more 修饰，不可加the3.在首字母为元音的名词前误用a.如：（2007浙）I had a intersting dream last night太简单了不解释...PS：冠词的错误就这3种.不过冠词缺失考到的几率最大.冠词错误几乎每年必考！三.形容词与副词的使用错误①以ed形式结尾的形容词被误用来修饰物.如：（2010课标全国）My friend Nick told me a story about his experience back in the US which was very intersted.解析：which指代名词story（物）.故用intersting修饰.②以ing形式结尾的形容词误用来修饰人.如：（2010 陕西）I had to try hard not to laugh at her shocked face！解析：修饰人用ing形式.③误用副词作表语.如：（2010辽宁）She was ，in fact ，rather attractively.解析：常出现的错误，feel/taste/smell/seem/be后误加副词.应用形容词作表语.应attractively改成attractive.④动词误用形容词修饰.如：（2009重庆）The food in one area can be easy told from that in another.解析：动词应该用副词修饰.把easy改成easily⑤名词误用副词修饰如：（2008辽）It was indeed not easy to get in touch with everybody and set a well time for all of us.解析：well改成good⑥比较级中形容词误用，应用比较级.（2011浙）Since his family was rich than mine.总结：以ed形式结尾的形容词修饰人，以ing形式结尾的形容词修饰物.动词用副词修饰.名词用形容词修饰.形容词作表语.还要特别注意hard即是形容词又是副词，还有一些固定搭配.四.介词的使用错误①介词的添加（2009 全国2）I'm sorry that I wasn't able to return to your bike on time yesterday. 解析：return为及物动词，后不加介词②介词的缺失（2010 全国2）We've kept （） touch with each other through e-mails.解析：keep in touch with sb 为固定词组.③介词之间的误用（2010浙）As we left，Mother stopped on their table.解析：表示停在桌旁.应为 by/at the table.总结：介词错误主要考察动词词组固定形式，应注意平时动词词组的积累：改错中常考的动词词组基本就是这些了：want sb to do sth.seem to do sth.turn out be.keep in touch with sb.in surpise to one's surpise.in particular.it is +adj+to do sth.ask sb for sth.had better do sth.be famous for（因某事而闻名）bo famous as（作为某某而闻名）.look for.及物动词直接加名词，其后不用加介词，不及物动词后加介词后才能加名词.常考查的介词是of、in、on、with、to.其中of大多缺少.in 与on 之间常误用.with常误用和缺失.to常缺少.五.连词的使用错误.连词主要连接前后两个句子.一般改错文中也只出现几个.但基本每省每年都会考察.所以一旦出现连词，应注意连词前后连个句子语意是否一致.常见的有and—but，but-and，or-and，and-or，here-there.（2008 全国2）I should be able to tell wisitors about our history or culture and show them our great achievements.解析：我可以告诉游客我们的历史和文化而非或文化，应改为and（2010 全国1）All I had to do was to write a story or present it.解析：写好小说并且呈递上去，而不是只写或只递，应改为and六.非谓语使用错误非谓语错误几乎每年每省必考.首先判断一个句子有几个动词，如有2个或2个以上，除谓语动词以外的词必为to do.ing.ed.to be done形式.再分析这个动词作什么成分，再改掉它的形式.1.介词之后动词形式的错误（主要在after、to、before等介词后面动词形式错误）（2010全国2）I look forward to see her again in the near future.解析：这个to为介词，see应用现在分词形式即v.ing形式2.现在分词与动词形式误用.（2010浙）“Eecuse me，”she said。