
定语从句专题讲解课件(共53张)PPT.ppt
53页定语从句定语从句The Attributive ClauseThe Attributive Clause1 I like quiet music.I like music that is quiet.定语从句定语从句1. 什么是定语从句?什么是定语从句?2. 什么是先行词?什么是先行词?3. 什么是关系代词和关系副词?如何确定?什么是关系代词和关系副词?如何确定?4. 如何把两个句子合并为一个定语从句?如何把两个句子合并为一个定语从句?2a girl who likes red . .I knowLearn to discover 定语从句定语从句在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的句在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句子叫定语从句 两个句子两个句子 两个词两个词主主 句句从句从句??31. I know a girl2. who likes red.Jim reads books which are fun. 主句主句 从句从句完整的句子是主句完整的句子是主句不完整的句子是从句不完整的句子是从句43.Do you know the things and personsthat they are talking about?两个词两个词先行词先行词 关系代词关系代词 被定语从句修饰的词被定语从句修饰的词who whichthat5 在在复合句复合句中中修饰某一修饰某一名词名词或或代词代词的从句叫的从句叫定语定语从句。
从句定语从句定语从句先行词:先行词:被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词先行词 定语从句一般放在先行词后面定语从句一般放在先行词后面而汉语中而汉语中的定语则放在被修饰词之前的定语则放在被修饰词之前 关系词:关系词:引导定语从句的词称为关系词关系词分为引导定语从句的词称为关系词关系词分为 关系关系代词代词((that, which, who, whom, whose)和和 关系关系副词副词((when, where, why)关系代词在从关系代词在从 句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分,关系副词句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分,关系副词 在句中作状语在句中作状语6Mary is a beautiful girl.Mary is a girl who is beautiful.形容词作定语形容词作定语句子作定语句子作定语,修饰修饰girl, 叫做叫做定语从句定语从句7I like music that / which I can dance to.先行词先行词关系代词关系代词定语从句定语从句I like the singer who is beautiful.I like the movie that is funny.I still remember the first time when I met her. 8Learn to think关系代词关系代词 先行词先行词 决定决定 先行词先行词关系代词关系代词人人物物人和物人和物whowhichthatthatthat9Mary is a girl.Mary has long hair.合并为一个句子合并为一个句子Mary is a girl who has long hair.10I have an apple.An apple is red.I have an apple that is red.修饰先行词修饰先行词 an apple 11I have some friends. Some friends like sports.I have some friends who like sports. 修饰先行词修饰先行词 friends 12I like the movie. The movie is exciting.I like the movie that is exciting .that 修饰先行词修饰先行词movie13The woman who lives next door is a teacher. The woman is a teacher. The woman lives next door.who修饰先行词修饰先行词woman14Match the two sentences1.I’m reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates. _______________________________________2.He is a teacher. The teacher teaches us Chinese._______________________________________ 3.I don’t like the man. He is smoking.____________________________________4.Where is the picture? You bought it last week._______________________________________ I’m reading a book that/which is about Bill Gates.He is a teacher who/ that teaches us Chinese.I don’t like the man who is smoking.Where is the picture that you bought last week?151.关系代词关系代词that, which引导的定语从句引导的定语从句: 如果如果先行词先行词是表示物的是表示物的名词或代词名词或代词,关系,关系代词应用代词应用that、、which. (作作主语主语或或宾语宾语)16This is a dream.The dream will never come true.This is a dream which/that will never come true.The dog has been found.The dog was lost.The dog that/which was lost has been found.Practise: 1.This is the house. The house is for sale This is the house that/which is for sale.which / that 作主语作主语. (不能省不能省)(作主语)(作主语)17which / that 作宾语作宾语 :: ((可省略)可省略)This is the card.I’ve just received the card. This is the card which / that I’ve just received.Practise:1.This is the mistake. I always make mistake.This is the mistake which /that I always make2. I still keep the letters. She wrote the letters to me . .I still keep the letters which she wrote to me.( ) (作宾语)(作宾语)( ) 182.关系代词关系代词who, that, whom引导的定语引导的定语从句从句: 如果如果先行词先行词是表示人的名词或代词,是表示人的名词或代词,关系代词应用关系代词应用who, that (作作主语主语或或宾语宾语)whom (作作宾语宾语)19who / that 作主语作主语. (不能省不能省)This is the film star.The film star is very popular in China.This is the film star who is very popular in China. (作主语作主语)1.The boy called Roy. The boy broke the window.2. The boy who/that broke the window is called Roy./ thatPractise:20who / whom / that 作宾语:作宾语:( 可省略可省略)The man is a famous writer. He described the man just now.The man ( who/ whom/ that ) he described just now is a famous writer. (作宾语)作宾语)1. The thief has been sent to prison. The police caught the thief last night. The thief (who/that/whom) the police caught last night has been sent to prison.Practise:21Ø 定语从句的用法定语从句的用法: :ü当先行词是当先行词是物物时时, , 用用which 或或that引导引导. .These are the trees which were planted last year.ü当先行词是当先行词是人人时时, , 用用who, whom, whose, that引导引导.22Øwho, whom, whose, that用法区别用法区别.üwho 作定语从句的作定语从句的主主语或语或宾宾语语. The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting.分解分解作主语作主语23üWhom 作定语从句的宾语作定语从句的宾语 The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.The woman is a teacher.They wanted to visit the woman.分解分解作宾语作宾语24üwhose 作定语从句的作定语从句的定定语语. I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解分解I know the girl.The girl’s mother is a teacher.作定语作定语25üthat 可以作定语从句的可以作定语从句的主主语和语和宾宾语语.注意注意: : 关系代词作动词宾语时可关系代词作动词宾语时可 省略省略. . The woman (whom/ that) they wanted to visit is a teacher.26小结:1).that-既可指人,也可指物,作主语,不能省略;作宾语,可以省略。
2).which-指物,作主语,不能省略;作宾语,可以省略.3).who-- 指指人人,,作主语,不能省略作主语,不能省略;;作宾语,作宾语,可以省略可以省略,(常用(常用whom))注注:当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语定语从句从句的的谓语动词形式谓语动词形式由由先行词先行词定27有时有时只能用只能用 that , 不不用用 which, 常见的情况有六种:常见的情况有六种:1.当先行词是当先行词是 all, any, few, little, none, anything, 2. everything, nothing , everybody, nobody,3. everyone, no one 或或被它们修饰被它们修饰时 1).That’s all that I know. 2).Is there anything that I can do for you? 3).He answered few questions that the teacher asked.28 2).The first thing that I should do is to review my lessons.3. 当先行词有当先行词有the very, the only, the same等修等修饰时。
饰时1).That’s the only thing that I can do now.2).These are the very words that he used.2. 当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时 1).That is the most interesting book that I have ever read.295. 先行词同时包括先行词同时包括人或物人或物时,关系词时,关系词用用that.The man and his dog that I always meet are standing by the gate.Who is the girl that spoke to you just now?Which is the pen that you lost ?4. 当主句以当主句以 who 或或 which开头时,定语从句开头时,定语从句的关系词的关系词用用 that, 而而不用不用 which 或或 who.30关系代词只用关系代词只用which不用不用that情况情况1.关系代词前有介词关系代词前有介词2.先行词本身是先行词本身是that.31whose 作作定语定语,表示所属关系。
表示所属关系 The boy is my classmate. The boy’s father is a policeman.The boy whose father is a policeman is my classmate.32【【巧学妙巧学妙记】】定定语从句的用法从句的用法主句型,从句型,两种句子要完整主句型,从句型,两种句子要完整从句从句紧跟先行跟先行词,关系,关系词引引导要弄清定人要用定人要用who或或whom,定物,定物which当先用关系代关系代词用用that,定人定物有本,定人定物有本领when用来定用来定时间,,where用来定地点用来定地点关系代关系代词作成分,唯作作成分,唯作宾语可省略33Exercise 1 :用关系代词填空用关系代词填空1.The boy ____________ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.2.The e-mail ___________ I received yesterday was from my sister.3.I hate people ______________ talk much but do little.4.The car _____________ my father bought last month is very beautiful.who / thatwhich/ thatwho / thatwhich / that345. The man ______ hair is white is his grandfather.6. Is there a student _________ father is a business man?7. This is the house in ________ we have lived for 10 years.8.I’ve never heard of the people and things ________ you talked about just now.whosewhosewhich that当先行词同时指人和物时,关系代词只能用that.35Exercise 2. 1.My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things ______ they couldn’t remember.2.Say all ________ you know.3.Is there anything ______ I can do for you?thatthatthat当先行词是something, anything, nothing, all 等词时,关系代词只能用that.364.This is the first play ________ I have seen since I came here.5. This is the best novel _______ I have read.thatthat当先行词被序数词,最高级序数词,最高级等词修饰时,关系代词只能用that.6.Who is the girl _______is standing under the tree?7. Which is the machine ____ we used last Sunday.当主句是who或或which 引导的特殊疑问句引导的特殊疑问句,而中心词指人或物时,关系代词只能用that.thatthat37先行词先行词1.I know a girl who ____(like)red.先行词先行词2. Jim reads books which___(be) fun.先行词先行词 3. Do you know the things and persons that they ____(be) talking about?先行词先行词决定决定 关系代词关系代词从句中的谓语动词形式从句中的谓语动词形式likes areare38定语从句中的主谓一致定语从句中的主谓一致The mp4 that ____ been given to me is home-made. ( have)I, who ____ your classmate, will share the work with you. ( be )关系代词做从句的主语时,关系代词做从句的主语时,从句从句的的谓语谓语动动词的人称和数要与先行词词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致保持一致,先行,先行词是句子时,从句的谓语动词使用单数形词是句子时,从句的谓语动词使用单数形式。
式hashasamam39Learn to practice1. Tom is one of the boys that _________(be) from the USA.2. Tom is the only boy that_______(be) from the USA.areis40【【注意注意】】He is one of the students who ______ made great progress.Mr Wang is the only one of my friends who ____ been invited to have dinner with us. (have)one of +复数名词作先行词时,从句的复数名词作先行词时,从句的谓语动词用谓语动词用复数复数形式但若形式但若one前有前有 the ((only)) the(( just)) the ((very))修饰时,从句的谓语动词用修饰时,从句的谓语动词用单数单数形式形式havehavehashas411. I have a friend ________ likes listening to classical music.who/that3. The man ______ leg broke in a match used to be a football player.2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress __________ I gave her.which/thatwhose424. My parents live in a house__________ is more than 100 years old.5. The boy with _______ John spoke is my brother.which/thatwhom6. Kevin is reading a book __________ is too difficult for him.which/that437. Is there anything ________ you want to buy in the town.8.All ______ we can do is to study hard.9. The first one _____ stands up is a little boy.thatthatthat441. I have a friend ________ likes listening to classical music.who/thatwhich/thatwhose3. The man ______ leg broke in a match used to be a football player.2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress __________ I gave her.454. My parents live in a house__________ is more than 100 years old.5. The boy with _______ John spoke is my brother.which/thatwhom6. Kevin is reading a book __________ is too difficult for him.which/that467. Is there anything ________ you want to buy in the town.8.All ______ we can do is to study hard.9. The first one _____ stands up is a little boy.thatthatthat4710.The person _________ you should write to is Mr Ball .11. The teacher from ________ I learnt most was Mrs Zhu .12. The runner ____________ you are asking about is over there .13 .The girl ____________ you are looking for is in the classroom .14. The meeting _________ we shall take part in will be held in a hotel .15. The factory __________ I worked in for over two years has been closed . 16. The airport ________ is 30 kilometres away is the only one in the city 17. The person ________ won the race was a woman from Sichuan .whowhomwho/whomwho/whomthatwhichthatwho48Match the two sentences1.I’m reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates. _______________________________________2.He is a teacher. The teacher teaches us Chinese._______________________________________ 3.I don’t like the man. He is smoking.____________________________________4.Where is the picture? You bought it last week._______________________________________ I’m reading a book that/which is about Bill Gates.He is a teacher who/ that teaches us Chinese.I don’t like the man who is smoking.Where is the picture that you bought last week?491.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生这就是救了那个孩子命的医生.This is the doctor who saved the boy’s life.2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔.The man who is running is my uncle.503. 我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐. I like the music that I can sing along with.4. 住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师. The woman who lives next door is a teacher.51Learn to make a summary定语定语从句从句1.两个句两个句 子子3. 先行作出两决定先行作出两决定4. 两类只用莫相忘两类只用莫相忘 关系代词关系代词 从句谓语动词形式从句谓语动词形式1.只用只用that不用不用which((5))2.只用只用which不用不用that((2))主句主句 从句从句 2. 两个词两个词 先行词先行词关系代词关系代词52Thank you for listening!53。
