化工设备运输及吊装.doc

中油化建股份 吊装过程: 现场勘察—有障碍物否 道路查看地奈力确认—土质的松紧 压脚下有地沟否 吊车选择—根据实际情况绘图 查性能表方案形成及审批--吊车站位确定—依据方位和副度 现场标明回转中心吊装就位—依据：管口方位一.钢丝绳的分类1、按钢丝绳的断面形状分：有圆形钢丝绳和扁形钢丝绳2、按钢丝绳股的断面形状分：有圆形股和异形股；异形股又可分为：三角股、扁形股等3、按钢丝绳股内各层钢丝互接触的状态分：点接触钢丝绳、线接触钢丝绳(包括点线接触刚钢丝绳)4、按钢丝的断面形状分为：用圆形钢丝制成的钢丝绳和用异型钢丝制成的钢丝绳(如密封式钢丝绳)按钢丝表面情况分为：光面钢丝和镀锌钢丝5、按钢丝绳股的数目分为：单股、六股、八股以及十二股、十八股、三十四股等；前三种钢丝绳由一层绳股组成；十二股及十八股钢丝绳，是由两层绳股组成；而三十四股钢丝绳，也叫做不旋转钢丝绳6、按钢丝绳捻制的方向和捻法分：按股捻制的方向---右向捻和左向捻；按钢丝绳捻法---交互捻(逆捻)和同向捻(顺捻)。

7.根拒结构形式分为：普通型、复合型、闭合型一、圆钢丝绳1.按结构分：①.单捻（股）钢丝绳a.普通单股钢丝绳由一层或多层圆钢丝螺旋状缠绕在一根芯丝上捻制而成的钢丝绳b.半密封钢丝绳c.密封钢丝绳中心钢丝周围螺旋状缠绕着一层或多层圆钢丝，其外面由一层或数层异形钢丝捻制而成的钢丝绳②.双捻（多股）钢丝绳由一层或多层股绕着一根绳芯呈螺旋状捻制而成的单层多股或多层股钢丝绳③.三捻钢丝绳（钢缆）多根多股钢丝绳围绕一根纤维芯或钢绳芯捻制而成的钢丝绳2.按直径分：a.细直径钢丝绳 000直径<8mm的钢丝绳b.普通直径钢丝绳 000直径≥8～60mm的钢丝绳c.粗直径钢丝绳 000直径>60mm的钢丝绳3.按用途分类a.一般用途钢丝绳（含钢绞线）b.电梯用钢丝绳c.航空用钢丝绳d.钻深井设备用钢丝绳e.架空索道及缆车用钢丝绳f.起重用钢丝绳g.预应力混凝土用钢绞线h.渔业用钢丝绳i.矿井提升用钢丝绳j.轮胎用钢帘线k.胶带用钢丝绳4.按表面状态分：光面钢丝绳、镀锌钢丝绳、涂塑钢丝绳5.按股的断面形状分：圆股钢丝绳、异形股钢丝绳6.按捻制特性分：点接触钢丝绳、线接触钢丝绳、面接触钢丝绳7.按捻法分：右交互捻、左交互捻、右同向捻、左同向捻8.按绳芯分：a.纤维芯：应用天然纤维（如剑麻、棉纱）、合成纤维和其他符合性能要求的纤维制成。

b.钢芯：（又称金属芯）分独立的钢丝绳芯和钢丝股芯二、编织钢丝绳三、扁钢丝绳由一定数量的子绳（一般由四股双捻钢绳组成）呈扁平状排列，用缝线交错织成 二.钢丝绳的标记代号：如：6×37---19.5---170---I—光—右—GB1120—746×37Fi + FC SW IWRFi-------填充钢丝绳 V---三角形 R---扁形 Q—椭圆形 W--瓦林吞式钢丝绳FC------纤维芯 S--西鲁式钢丝绳SW----瓦林吞---西鲁钢丝绳IWR---金属丝绳芯IWS---金属丝股芯钢丝绳公 称直 径  钢丝绳近似重量 钢 丝 绳 公 称 抗 拉 强 度，MPa 1470 1570 1670 1770 1870 钢 丝 绳 最 小 破 断 拉 力d允许偏差天然纤维芯合成纤维芯钢 芯纤维芯钢 芯纤维芯钢 芯纤维芯钢 芯纤维芯钢 芯纤维芯钢 芯mm% Kg/100m KN3+83.113.033.434.064.394.334.694.614.984.895.285.165.5845+705.548.655.398.426.109.527.2211.207.8012.207.7112.008.3313.008.2012.808.8713.808.6913.509.4014.609.1814.309.9315.506789101112131416182022242628(30)32(34)36(38)40(42)44(46)            +6012.5017.0022.1028.0034.6041.9049.8058.5067.8088.60112.00138.00167.00199.00234.00271.00311.00354.00400.00448.00500.00554.00610.00670.00732.0012.1016.5021.6027.3033.7040.8048.5057.0066.1086.30109.00135.00163.00194.00228.00264.00303.00345.00390.00437.00487.00539.00594.00652.00713.0013.7018.7024.4030.9038.1046.1054.9064.4074.7097.50123.00152.00184.00219.00258.00299.00343.00390.00440.00494.00550.00610.00672.00738.00806.0016.2022.1028.8036.5045.1054.6064.4076.2088.40115.00146.00180.00218.00259.00305.00353.00406.00462.00521.00584.00651.00722.00796.00873.00954.0017.5023.9031.2039.5048.8059.0070.2082.4095.60124.00158.00195.00236.00281.00329.00382.00439.00499.00564.00632.00704.00780.00860.00944.001030.0017.3023.6030.8039.0048.1058.3069.4081.4094.40123.00156.00192.00233.00277.00325.00377.00433.00493.00557.00624.00695.00771.00850.00933.001010.0018.7025.5033.3042.2052.1063.0075.0088.00102.00133.00168.00208.00252.00300.00352.00408.00469.00533.00602.00675.00675.00752.00833.00919.001000.001100.0018.4025.1032.8041.5051.2062.0073.8086.60100.00131.00166.00205.00248.00295.00346.00401.00461.00524.00592.00664.00740.00820.00904.00992.001080.0019.9027.1035.4044.9055.4067.0079.8093.70108.00141.00179.00221.00268.00319.00374.00434.00498.00567.00640.00718.00800.00887.00978.001070.001170.0019.5026.6034.7044.0054.3065.7078.2091.80106.00139.00176.00217.00263.00312.00367.00426.00489.00556.00628.00704.00784.00869.00958.001050.001140.0021.1028.7037.6047.5058.7071.1084.6099.30115.00150.00190.00235.00284.00338.00397.00460.00528.00601.00679.00761.00848.00940.001030.001130.001240.0020.6028.1036.7046.5057.4069.4082.6097.00112.00146.00186.00229.00277.00330.00388.00450.00516.00587.00663.00744.00828.00918.001010.001110.001210.0022.3030.4039.7050.2062.0075.1089.40104.00121.00158.00201.00248.00300.00357.00419.00486.00558.00635.00717.00804.00896.00993.001090.001200.001310.00钢丝绳的维护a. 对钢丝绳应防止损伤、腐蚀、或其它物理条件、化学条件造成的性能降低；b. 钢丝绳开卷时，应防止打结或扭曲；c. 钢丝绳切断时，应有防止绳股散开的措施。

d. 安装钢丝绳时，不应在不洁净的地方拖。