初中英语语法之现在完成时讲解练习答案.doc

现在完成时【现在完成时】A. 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态常用时间状语】recently, lately, since+时间点,for+数字+时间名词，in the past few months/years等 【构成】 肯定形式：have/has + done否定形式 :have/has + not +doneB. 现在完成时的用法1 ）现在完成时所表示的动作在说话之前已完成，而对现在有影响eg. The car has arrived. 车子来了结果：车子已在门口）Someone has broken the window. 有人把窗户打破了结果：窗户仍破着）区另 U： have been to, have gone to, have been inhave been to,表示去过某个地方，不过现在已经回来了have gone to表示去了，但还没有回来，也许是在去的途中have been in指的是在某个地方，从过去一直延续到现在 例如：你以前去过北京么？ 例如：A: Is Mr.Wa ng at home?B: No,he is not in, （他去香港了）2）现在完成时所表示的动作开始于过去，持续到现在，也许还会持续下去。

常用 for和since表示一段时间的状语或 so far, now, today, this week （month , year）等表示包括现在时间在内的状语eg. He has studied En glish for 5 years.He has studied English since 2001.Now I have fini shed the work.注意：表示短暂时间动作的词，如 :come, go, die, marry, buy等的完成时不能与 for, since等表 示一段时间的词连用用来持续的动作或状态或表过去重复的动作，如 live , study, be, wait等，常和since （自从）或for （经历）引导的词语连用女口： I have lived here for more than thirty years.我已在此住了 30 多年由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换 ：arrive 宀 be here begin(start) 宀 be on die t be deadclose t be clodgo to school t be a studentborrow t keepcome back t be backbuy t haveleave t be awayfall ill(sick, asleep)catch(a cold) t have(a cold)t be ill(sick, asleep)get to know t knowget up t be upbegin to study t studygo out t be outcome to work t workfinish t be overput on t wear或 be onopen t be openjoin t be in或 be a member of…例题for 20 minu tes.)I.When he arrived at the bus stop, the busA. has leftB. had left)2. IC. has bee n away the League for 5 years so far.D. had bee n awayA. jo ined B. have joined C. have bee n in)3.The factory since the February of 1988.D. openedA . has bee n ope n B. has ope ned C. was ope n)4.Mary and Rose friends since they met in 2000.A. have madeB. have bee n C. madeD. have become)5.You must n'tun til he comes back.B. leaveC. be leftA. be away)6.The meet ingfor a week now.A. has fini shed B. has en ded C. has bee n over)7.Miss Gaothis school for n early 5 years.)8.BenA. has bee n in B. has come to C. has taughta teacher for 4 years.A. has bee nB. has become C. wasD. became)9. Ihome for a week.A. have retur ned B. have bee n back C. retur ned)10. How longheA. diedB. has, diedC. has, bee n dead)11. Heat eight yesterday afternoon.A. slept)12.HeB. was sleep ingthe car for a week.C. has sleepD. had sleptA. bought B. has bought)13.---How long you ill ?youC. has had——Two weeks.A. did fallB. have, fellC.have, been)14.S ince 2000, hehis hometow n.A. has leftB. has moved away C. has bee n away from)15.I 'll le nd you the book , but you can only it for 2 days.A. borrow B. keep C. take练习［单项选择］what's happe ned to him.)1、Both his parents look sad. Maybe theyA. knewB. have known C. must knowD. will kn ow)2、He hasbee n to Shan ghai, has he ?A. already B. n ever)3、Have you met Mr LiC. everD. stillA. just B. ago)4、The famous writerD. a mome nt ago one new book in the past two year .C. beforeD. has writte nA. is writi ng B. was writi ng C. wrote( )5、一 Our country a lot so far .—Yes. I hope it will be even A. has cha nged; well B. cha nged; good C. has cha nged; better D. cha nged; better( )6、Zhao Lan already in this school for two years .A. was; study ing B. will; study C. has; studied D. are; study ing( )7、We Xiao Li si nee she was a little girl .A. know B. had known C. have known D. knew( )8、Harry Potter is a very nice film. I it twice.A. will see B. have see n C. saw D. see( )9、— These farmers have been to the United States .—Really? When there?D. have they goneA. will they go B. did they go C. do they go( )10、一 you your homework yet?—Yes. Iit a mome nt ago.A.Did; do; fini shedB.Have; done; fini shedC. Have; done; have fini shedD.will; do; fin ish)11、His fatherthe club si nee 1988.A. joi ned B. has joined)12、— Do you know her well?C. was inD. has bee n in—Sure .Wefriends since ten years ago.A. wereB. have bee nC. have becomeD. have made)13、— How long have youhere?—About seve n years.A.beenB.gone)14、Hurry up! The programC. comefor five minu tes .D. arrivedA. has beg un B. had begu n C. has bee n on D. bega n( )15、It ten years since he came Chengdu.A. is B. has C. will D. was()16、Miss Green isn't in the office. She to the library.A. has gone B. went C. will go D. has bee n( )17、My parents Shandong for ten years .A. have bee n in B. have bee n to C. have gone to D. have bee n()18、He for 2 hours.A. got up B. has got up C. has bee n up( )19、Tom is ill in hospital. He a cold for several days.A. is B. catches C. has caught D. has had( )20、His grandparents for more than 9 years.A. has come hereB. has started to workC. has。