
外研版八年级下册并列复合句讲解及练习(含答案).doc
7页1. 并列复合句的定义:由并列连词and, but, or等把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子2. 并列复合句的构成:并列复合句的基本结构是:简单句+并列连词+简单句例如:I help him and he helps me.You must put on your coat, or you’ll have a bad cold in such a cold day.3. 常用的并列连词:(1) 用来连接两个并列概念的连接词有and , not only…but also…, neither…nor…, both… and…, as well as,等,and所连接的前后分句往往表示先后关系、递进关系前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时 (2) 表示在两者之间选择一个, 常用的连接词 or, not… but…(不是……而是……), either…or…(要么……要么),等,前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时3) 表明两个概念彼此有矛盾、相反或者转折, 常用的连接词有but (但是),yet(可是),while(而,另一方面),however(可是)等,前后分句时态一致。
4) 表示因果关系,常见连词because, as, for(因为), so 等用连接词for ,前后分句时态一致 4. 并列连词前后简单句之间的关系:(1) 并列关系如:They are watching TV, and the others are listening to the radio. I’m a doctor and she is a nurse.注意:A. and 用于连接两个意思一致或连贯的词或短语,意为“和,又,而且,然后”如:He is able to read and write.B. and 用在祈使句后表示结果,意为“那么”如:Work hard and you will pass your examination.(2) 选择关系如:The children can go with us, or they can stay at home.注意:or 还可以用于说明原因,意为“不然,否则”He must like her, or he wouldn’t keep calling her.(3) 转折关系如:It has no mouth, but it can talk. 它没有嘴巴,但是它会说话。
School is over, yet all the teachers are still working.学校放学了,可是老师们仍然在工作He wants to be a writer, while I want to be a scientist.他想当作家,而我则想当科学家It's raining hard, however, we must go out.雨下得很大,然而我们必须出去4) 因果关系A. for在意义上与从属连词because,since和as相同,但它们引导的是原因状语从句,而for则连接两简单句,前者表示结果,后者表示原因其结构为:简单句(结果)+for+简单句(原因)如:He has many good friends, for he is an honest man.他有许多好朋友,因为他是个诚实的男子汉B. so意为"因此"、"所以",但不能与because同时出现在同一个句子中因为because是从属连词,而是并列连词,用来连接并列句其结构为:简单句(原因) +so牛简单句(结果)如:Mr. Li went to his hometown, so Mr. Wang was taking his class instead.李老师回家乡去了,所以王老师替二课。
5. 其他形式的并列句(1)"祈使句+and+简单句"其中祈使句表示一个条件,并列连词and引导的简单句则表示一个较好的结果,谓语常用一般将来时例如:Use your head, and you will find away.动脑筋,你就会想出办法来2)"祈使句+or+简单句"祈使句表示一个条件,并列连词or后的简单句则表示一个不愉快或不理想的结果例如:Study hard, or you Will fall behind the others.努力学习,否则你就会落于别人3)"either...or..."结构表示"不是...就是...","或者...或者...", 例如:Either my uncle can do it, or my aunt can do it. 我叔叔可以做那件事,或者我婶婶也可以做习惯上将两个句子合并成Either my uncle or my aunt can do it.(4) "not only...but also..."意思为"不仅...而且...",例如:如:Not only the students have missed the school car, but also the teacher has missed the school car.不仅学生,而且他们的老师都误了校车。
5) "neither...nor..."结构,意为"既不...也不...","两者都不...",用法与either...or..., not only...but also...相同6. 使用并列复合句要注意的几种情况1) 并列复合句有时可不用连词,而用分号隔开(前后句之间的关系须相当紧密)如:We fished all day; we did not catch a single fish.(2) 并列连词后的简单句如果与其前的简单句有相同的部分,则相同的部分常可省略如:Snoopy lives in his own world and (Snoopy) finds real life hard to understand. 由并列连词把两个或两个以上的互相关连而又互相独立的独句(即简单句)连在一起 而构成的句子叫并列句其结构是:简单句+并列连词+简单句 常用的连词有and, but, or not only...but also, neither...nor, either...or 并列句分为: 联合并列句, 转折并列句, 选择并列句和因果并列句 (1). 联合并列句常由并列词and, not only…but also…..等连接 如: Use your hand, and you’ll find a way. (2). 转折并列句常由并列连词but, while, yet, whereas, nevertheless等连接 如: I would love to have gone to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. (3). 选择疑问句常由并列连词or, otherwise, either…or…, 等连接 (4). 因果并列句由并列连词so, for, therefore 等连接. 如: it was late, so we went home. 在”祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构中, 当前后两部分间为承接关系时, 用and;前后 意思为相反关系时, 用or.可将前面的祈使句转换成由if引导的条件状语从句, 但必 须将and 或or 去掉. 如: Hurry up, and we’ll be there in time.= If we hurry up, we’ll be there in time. 考点: 并列复合句是中考的考点,主要体现在单项填空和完成句子中,要求学生重点掌握 知识点 2 本模块重点短语 Had better do something Prefer ...to... Much too Take part inHow to do 三、例题精析 【例题1】 【题干】 Be careful, _________ you will fall off the bike. A. but B. and C. so D. or 【答案】D 【解析】根据句意“小心点,否则你就会从自行车上摔下来。
可知,or 是否则的意思 【例题2】 【题干】 I can’t understand this passage _______ there are no new words in it. A. if B. because C. though D. an 【答案】C 【解析】根据句意“尽管文章中没有生词,我还是不能理解可知答案为C 【例题3】 【题干】 It’s getting dark, _______they’re still working. A. and B. but C. so D. or 【答案】B 【解析】 【例题4】 【题干】 ______ Saturday ______ Sunday is OK. I’ll be free in these two days. A. Either; or B. Neither; nor C. Both; and D. One; the other 【答案】 A 【解析】四、课堂运用 【基础】 1. Edison said, “Never give up, _________ you'll make it.” A. yet B. or C. and D. but 2. Lucy and Lily are twins. Lucy likes playing table tennis, _________ Lily doesn't. A. or B. but C. and D. yet 3. Mr. Green knows little German, _________ he can't understand the instructions on the bottle of the pills. A. but B. so C. for D. or 【答案】 【解析】 【巩固】 1. I felt tired after the work, _____ I took a long rest. A. so B b。












