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ｃｏｍ瑞士名表批发】Ｔｈe Gｒｅat Leａrｎing 大學Trａnｓlated　byA． Charｌｅｓ Mｕller[1] 大學之道、在明明德、在親民、在止於至善Ｔhe waｙ　of great lｅarｎing　ｃonsisｔs in　manifeｓtinｇ ｏne's bｒight virtue, consistｓ　in lｏving ｔhe pｅoｐle,　consists ｉn stoｐping in perfect　goodnesｓ．[2］ 知止而后有定、Ｗhen　yｏu know　ｗhere ｔo　stop,　yｏu have　stabｉlity．定而后能靜、Whｅn you　have stａbiｌity， ｙou can ｂe tｒanquil.靜而后能安、When yｏu are ｔｒanｑｕil, you caｎ ｂe　ａt eａse.安而后能慮、Ｗhen ｙoｕ are at ｅａse,　you can dｅliberaｔe.慮而后能得When yｏu cａn delｉbeｒatｅ you　caｎ aｔｔaiｎ youｒ aims．[３]　物有本末、事有終始知所先後則近道矣。

Ｔhｉngs have their roots and brａnｃhｅs, affairｓ　hａve　theiｒ eｎd and ｂeginｎｉng. Ｗheｎ　you　know what　comeｓ fｉｒst and whaｔ comes　ｌaｓt, ｔhen　yoｕ　aｒe　nｅar the Way．[4］ 古之欲明明德於天下者、先治其國The　ancients　wｈo　ｗａｎｔｅd to　manｉfest their briｇｈt　virtuｅ tｏ　all　in　the worlｄ　firsｔ ｇoverned well　their own ｓtateｓ.欲治其國者先齊其家Wantｉnｇ tｏ goverｎ well theiｒ ｓtates, tｈｅy　fｉrst harmonizｅd ｔｈeir own cｌans．欲齊其家者先脩其身Wａnting to hａrmoｎize their　own ｃｌaｎ， tｈｅy ｆｉrst　cultｉvated theｍselvｅs.欲脩其身者先正其心Wａntｉng to cultivａtｅ themselves, ｔｈｅy fｉrst correctｅd ｔhｅir miｎds．欲正奇心者先誠其意。

Ｗantｉng　ｔo ｃorｒecｔ　ｔheir　minds, they fiｒsｔ mａde theｉr ｗills sinｃｅre．欲誠其意者先致其知Ｗantｉng to make thｅir wilｌs ｓincｅre, tｈｅy　firsｔ extenｄｅd tｈeiｒ　knowｌedge．致知在格物Extension　of knowｌedｇe ｃonsists oｆ　the iｎｖｅstｉgatiｏn oｆ thinｇs.[5] 物格而后知至Ｗhen　thiｎgs are　iｎveｓtｉgatｅd, kｎｏwledge iｓ extendｅd．知至而后意誠When kｎｏwledge iｓ exｔeｎdeｄ，　thｅ wiｌl becｏmes ｓｉncere.意誠而后心正When tｈe wiｌl ｉｓ sincere, ｔhe　ｍind is　coｒrect.心正而后身脩Ｗｈeｎ ｔhe miｎd is　ｃoｒrect, the selｆ ｉｓ ｃulｔｉvateｄ.身脩而后家齊When　the　ｓeｌｆ is cultivａtｅd， ｔｈe　claｎ　is hａrmonｉzｅd.家齊而后國治。

Ｗheｎ ｔhｅ cｌan　is hａrmonｉzed, tｈe coｕｎｔrｙ ｉs wｅｌl gｏverned.國治而后天下平Ｗhｅn　the country is well goveｒnｅd, ｔｈere wｉll　ｂe ｐeace thｒoughout tｈe　land．[6] 自天子以至於庶人、壹是皆以脩身爲本Frｏｍ thｅ kiｎg　down to the ｃommoｎ pｅoplｅ, all mｕst rｅgaｒd tｈe　ｃulｔivation of tｈe self ａs　thｅ ｍost essential thing.[7]　其本亂而末治者、否矣其所厚者薄、而其所薄者厚、未之有也此謂知本、此謂知之至也It ｉs imｐossiｂｌe　ｔｏ ｈavｅ a situation wｈｅｒein the　esseｎtｉals aｒe in disorder, anｄ the eｘｔｅrｎaｌｓ arｅ weｌl-manageｄ． Yｏu ｓimply　ｃannot taｋe　the　esｓentｉal thinｇｓ ａs　sｕperfiｃial， and tｈｅ　sｕpｅrｆicial things as essential. This ｉs ｃalｌeｄ, “Knoｗｉｎg the　ｒoot.” This　iｓ ｃaｌled “Tｈe exteｎｓioｎ of knowleｄge.”3. 所謂誠其意者、毋自欺也。

如惡惡臭、如好好色此之謂自謙、故君子必愼其獨也3.　“Ｍakinｇ ｔhe wｉlｌ ｓiｎcere,” ｍｅans “ｎｏ seｌf-deｃepｔiｏn.”　Lｉｋe whｅｎ ｗe alloｗ ourｓeｌves to bｅ dｉｓgusted ｂy a baｄ sｍeｌl ｏr　becoｍe　ｉnfatｕaｔed with　an attractｉｖｅ aｐpeａrａｎce. Ｔhｉs ｉs cａlｌｅd “sｅｌf-sａtiｓfａcｔion.”　Therｅfore the Superｉｏr Maｎ mｕｓt ｂｅ　watｃhful over himｓelf wｈeｎ　he is　alonｅ.小人閑居爲不善、無所不至見君子而後厭然掩其不善、而著其善人之視己、如見其肺肝然、則何益矣此謂誠於中、形於外故君子必愼其獨也Whｅn　ｔhe iｎfeｒior man iｓ at leisｕre，　there is no limit　ｔo the ｅxteｎｔ of hｉs evil． Buｔ whｅｎ hｅ sｅes ａ Sｕperiｏｒ Maｎ ｈe will be asｈameｄ； he ｗill cｏver his　ｅｖiｌ and show ｏff　hｉs　ｇoodｎess. Ｗhen　peｏple obseｒve yｏｕ, they see rigｈt to　youｒ core.　So wｈａｔ＇s tｈe　use of beiｎｇ dｅｃeitful？　Theｒeｆｏre wｅ　ｓay: “internaｌ sincｅｒiｔy　exprｅsses itself outｗardｌｙ．” Ｔherefoｒe ｔhe Sｕpｅｒioｒ Man mｕst　ｂe　watchful ｏver himｓｅlf whｅn　ｈe ｉs　alone．曾子曰。

「十目所視、十手所指、其嚴乎」 富潤屋、德潤身、心廣體胖故君子必誠其意Ｃengｚi sａｉd， “Whａt　teｎ ｅyｅs seｅ, what tｅn fingers indicate， iｓ ｔhｉｓ not to　be taken seriouslｙ? Ｒich land　mａｋes a　ｈouse luｘurious, ｖirtｕｅ makes a　perｓon sｈine； ｔhe mind　is　eｘｐansiｖe　and ｔhｅ bodｙ　is at　eａse. Thereｆorｅ　the Supｅriｏr　Maｎ　must mａke　ｈｉs wｉll ｓｉnｃｅｒe．”4. 『詩』云「瞻彼淇澳、菉竹猗猗有斐君子、如切如磋、如琢如磨瑟兮僩兮、赫兮喧兮有斐君子、終不可諠兮」 「如切如磋」者、道學也、「如琢如磨」者、自修也、「瑟兮僩兮」者、恂慄也、「赫兮喧兮」者、威儀也、「有斐君子、終不可諠兮」 「者、道盛德至善、民之不能忘也」『詩』云「於戲前王不忘」 君子賢其賢而親其親、小人樂其樂而利其利、此以沒世不忘也４. Tｈe Bｏｏk　of Odes ａlso　sａys,Look　ａt ｔhe bend in tｈe Qi　River,Aｎd　hｏw　gｒeen　and lｕxｕriant　tｈe bamｂoo treeｓ ａre　thｅｒe！Ｈeｒe is ouｒ refined prince,Whｏ　is lｉｋe　a gem ｃut aｎd filed,Carｖed anｄ polisｈeｄ!Ｈow　ｄignified hｅ ｉs,　and how ａwｅsomｅ!Ｈow　ｍａｊeｓtic ａnｄ ｄistinguished!Ｏur ilｌusｔｒｉoｕｓ ｐrｉnｃｅ will ｎeveｒ　bｅ fｏｒｇotten.“Ｌike　a ｇem cｕt　and　fｉlｅd” refeｒｓ　to ｔhe waｙ ｏf studｙ.　“Liｋe a gem ｃaｒved ａｎd polishｅd”　refers to ｓelf-cｕltｉvａtion. “How digｎifiｅｄ aｎd awesｏmｅ,” referｓ tｏ　ａ cａutious reｓpect.　“How maｊｅstic and　distｉnguｉshed,” rｅｆｅrs　to　his aｗe-inspｉｒｉng way ｏｆ ｈaｎdｌinｇ hｉmｓelf. “Ｏur illustrious prｉnce will never be ｆorgotｔeｎ，” means thaｔ the Dａo flouｒishｅs　iｎ hｉｍ　and his virtuｅ ｒeaｃhｅｓ ｅｘcellenｃe, hence， tｈe peoplｅ wｉｌl　be ｕnable to　foｒｇｅt him．The Bｏok of Oｄes also　sａｙs， “Aah, the aｎｃient kｉｎｇｓ arｅ not foｒgｏttｅn!”　Tｈｅ Sｕｐｅrior　Man tｒｅats the ｗoｒｔhｙ as woｒthy　aｎd ｌｏｖes his　ｆamily. Ｔｈｅ　infｅｒior　man eｎjoyｓ　ｈis enjoyment and grａｂｓ prｏfit　wｈenever he　has a chance． Ｉt ｉs in this way ｔhat they are ｎot forgoｔten afｔer tｈeir deａth.5.　『康誥』曰。

「克明德」『太甲』曰「顧諟天之明命」『帝典』曰「克明峻德」 皆自明也5. In the Ｋang Report it is said, “He　wａｓ abｌe to manｉfeｓt ｈis virtue．”Ｔhe Taijia sayｓ， “Hｅ coｎｔemplａｔed　Heａven'ｓ unveileｄ mａndaｔe.”The Ｃanon　ｏf Yao says， “he waｓ able to maniｆｅｓt　his　ｌofｔｙ virｔｕe.”6. 湯之盤銘曰「茍日新、日日新、又日新」『康誥』曰「作新民」『詩』曰「周雖舊邦、其命惟新」是故君子無所不用其極6. Tｈe iｎｓｃription　of ｔｈe bａth of Kｉng Taｎg　said，。