【2017年整理】热处理专业外语.doc

1(16) British and American metallurgists arrived on the patent office doorstep at about the same time in 1948 with their processes for manufacturing a new form of cast iron called ductile iron, a marvelous product that could be made using most of the available equipment and technology of the gray iron foundry and had some special physical and economic advantages setting it apart from gray and malleable irons and forged or cast steels. 参考译文：•英国和美国的冶金学家在 1948 年大约相同的时候，各自带着他们关于制造一种叫做球墨铸铁的新型铸铁的生产工艺，到专利事务所申报专利。

这种铸铁是一种奇特的材料，它能用灰铸铁车间现有的大部分设备和技术制造，而又具有与灰铸铁、可锻铸铁、锻钢和铸钢不同的一些特殊的物理上与经济上的优点二、词义的选择(29) The extent of decarburization in a white heart iron depends on manganese to sulphur ratio as well as on section thickness.参考译文：白心可锻铸铁脱碳的程度取决于锰硫比和断面厚度30）When high pouring temperatures are used to ensure satisfactory running of thin sections of castings the primary austenite tends to form long coarse dendrites.参考译文：当使用高的浇注温度以确保铸件的薄断面得到良好的充填时，初生奥氏体倾向于形成长而粗大的枝晶31)Experience has shown that the application of mould coats are generally ineffective in eliminating rat-tail from the casting.参考译文：经验表明，应用铸型涂料对消除铸件上的鼠尾缺陷一般不起作用。

• (32)Wrought alloys possess good forgeability, it gives way to pressure．•锻造合金具有良好的可锻性，在压力下会变形 33) E1ectritc resistance furnaces have their electric energy transformed into heat.•电阻炉将电能转变为热能 •(34)This machine is simple in design，yet it is efficient in operation•这台机器的结构简单，但工作效率很高• (35)The casting takes both the size and the shape of the mould．•铸件的体积和形状随铸型而异 •(36) Alloys belong to a half-way house between mixtures and compounds．•合金是介于混合物和化合物之间的一种中间结构 •(37)This new annealing furnace is a fuel-efficient model．•这种新型退火炉是节油型退火炉•(38)In gas metal arc welding process, with faster travel there is a narrower heat-affected zone and consequently less molecular disarrangement，less grain growth, less heat transfer in the parent metal, and greatly reduced distortion. 在气体金属电弧焊工艺中、由于进行速度快，所以热影响区窄，从而晶格扭曲少、晶粒生长小，对焊料的传热少，并且显著地减小了(焊件的) 变形。

•(39)After a series of experiments important phenomena have been ascertained. 经一系列实验后，查明了一些重要现象40) The first steel castings produced by full mold process went into use in 1978．•第一批用实型铸造工艺生产的铸钢件于 l978 年投入使用•(41) Oxidation will make iron and steel rusty．氧化作用会使钢铁生锈•(42)Corrections and changes are made in accordance with the observed performance．根据观察到的结果进行修正和变换 (43)Both Steel iron and cast iron have the structures of eutectoid，hypoeutectoid and hypereutectoid．钢和铸铁都有共析、亚共析和过共析这三种组织•(44)Ductile irons are manufactured by melting, inoculation, spheroidization and pouring.•球墨铸铁是经过熔化铁水、孕育处理、球化处理和浇注等四道工序制造出来• (45) Metallic matrix composites became useful only in the late eighties.•在 80 年代未期，金属基复合材料才成为有用的东西。

46)The more complex the casting, the more difficult the alloy and more difficult the applicable specifications, the greater the financial benefit.铸件结构越复杂，合金越难熔炼；铸件使用的技术要术越高，那么经济效益就越大 (47)This question is really a technique design rather than an operation problem.•这个问题实际上是属于工艺设计方面而非操作方面的问题• (48)Many persons learned to program with little understanding of computers and their applications．2•虽然许多人对计算机及其应用没有多少了解，但却学会了编程序• (49)The direct arc furnace is particularly suitable for the production of high alloy irons．•(50)A liquid metal becomes a gas at or above its boiling point．•另外，用在固定词组和固定搭配中的冠词一般都应减译。

例如：•as a consequence 因此 从而 in a few words 简言之 on an average 平均说来 in the end 最后，终于• make the grade 达到标准，合乎要求 hit the mark 中标，达到目的 In a broad sense 广义来讲 •（51 ） As a material, the definition of Nano material is to limit the Nanoparticle in the scope of 1-100nm. In a broad sense, the Nano material is a kind of material in the tridimensionality, or at least there is one dimension in the scope of Nano or the material is composed of Nano basic units. • 纳米材料作为一种材料的定义把纳米颗粒限制到 1-100nm 的范围，实际上广义地讲纳米材料是指在三维空间中至少有一维处于纳米尺度范围或由它们作为基本单元构成的材料。

•(52)The smaller carbides will easily decompose and go into solution in the austenite and produce a more homogeneous austenite structure．•2．介词的减译 (55)The temperature of metal moulds should always be in excess of 200℃.（in 减译）•(6)The content of metal titanium in this alloy is 12.3％～18.6％by weight.（by 减译）•7)In 1990 aluminum alloy castings were sold amounted to perhaps ＄30 million in the market. (两个 in 均减译)•(58)An increase in nodule number and improvements in nodule shape in the heavy ductile iron castings can be affected by the addition of a small amount of antimony.•通过添加少量的锑，可增加大断面球铁件中的石墨球数并改善石墨球的形态。

三个 in 均减译，动词 effected也减译)(59)The structure of cast iron consists of metal matrix and graphites. (of 和动词 to consist 构成短语动词,减泽) (60)The chemical symbol Fe stands for the iron atom with atomic weight of about 55.9．•化学符号 Fe 表示原子量约为 55．9 的铁原子for 和动词 to stand 构成短语动词，减泽)•3．连词的减译(65)Manganese increases U．T．S but its effect is most noticeable in the first 1% addition, above this it has little influence．锰增加极限抗拉强度，但其影响在第一个 1％的添加量以内最显著，超过此值后影响就很小了减译人称代词 it)• (2)物主代词的减译 •(72)Industrial experience has shown that ductile irons treated with pure magnesium 。