变式句型 倒装句详析.ppt

Inversion(倒装句)英汉语言比较主讲老师 宋晓英语言实践运用中的现象： Read the following sentences loudly: （高中二年级英语(人教版)上册 Unit 9 Saving the earth ）vMany speakers also spoke about poverty, war and violence. ……Among the speakers was china’s then Premier Zhu Rongji, who stressed the need for equality and fairness in the world. She is a nice girl. 英语句子的语序英语句子的自然语序：英语句子的倒装结构:主语在前，谓语动词在后谓语动词放在主语之前自然语序Is she a nice girl? 倒装语序概念：什么是倒装句？v在一定条件下，句子中成分的位置颠倒过来 ，语法关系不变，这种现象叫倒装句倒装的目的：1语法结构的需要： 通常疑问句、there be 结构等需要用倒装句例如： Where are you going? 你上哪去？There is a bridge [across the river](倒装）. 河上有 座桥。

2 修辞的需要：倒装以后，或加强语 气，或句子更加流畅生动v例如： Before us lay a lot of difficulties. 在我们前面 有很多困难vOften did we warn them not to do so. 我们曾 多次警告他们不要这样做完全倒装部分倒装主谓句倒装非主谓句倒装非主谓倒装v1. 感叹句 v ( He is singing beautifully. )v1) How beautifully he is singing ! (状语倒装)v v ( You are all very silly. )v2) How silly you all are ! (表语倒装)v v ( You’ve made so many mistakes in this exam. )v3) What a lot of mistakes you have made in this exam! (宾语倒装)v2. 为了前后衔接紧密, 将表语、宾语等倒装 ( 放在句首 ).v为了使句子保持平衡，使上下文紧密衔接时，常使用倒装语 序。

v ①Gone forever are the days when the Chinese people were looked down upon.v 中国人被瞧不起的日子一去不复返了v ②Also present will be a person who thinks up an idea for an advertisement.v 出席会议的还有广告的策划者3. 让步状语从句，当as表示”虽然”、 “尽管”时, 必须将表语,状语或主要动词倒装.Child（强调名词） as he is, he knows a lot about the world.=Though he is a child, he knows a lot aboutthe world.Young（强调表语形容词） as he is, he knows more than you.单数可数名词作表语提前不用冠词让步从句：Successful as he is, he is not conceited.（当然，主谓句中也有让步从句） Be you right or wrong, he won’t apologize for you.Do whatever you, I won’t prevent阻挠 you.v注意 :让步状语从句中，有 though、 although 时，后面的主句不能有 but ，但是 though 和 yet 可连用。

完全倒装：*部分倒装：全部谓语放在主语之前只把助动词,情态动词或连系动词 放在主语之前，谓语的主体部分仍在主语之后____________________英语主谓倒装句分为2种：１、整个谓语在前的句子，叫 完全倒装S V Ex: Your book is here.→Here is your book. (倒裝句)V S ２、部分谓语（情态动词、助动词、连系 动词）在前，谓语的主体部分仍在主语之 后的句子，叫部分倒装句Only then did he realize that he was wrong.（除 了助动词，后面还是自然语序的主谓句）一、完全倒装v1 在There be (appear，come，exist， happen，lie,，live，remain，seem， stand)句型中v ①There lived an old fisherman and his wife near the sea.在海边住着一 位老渔夫和他的妻子2 副词down，up，in，out，here, there ， back. away，off ，over表示地点，方位时。

v v ①Up stood the judge and began to question the murderer.法官站了起来，开始审问那个杀人犯 v v②Out ran the thief.小偷跑了出去v vOut rushed a cat from under the table. 从桌子底 下窜出一只猫来除了Here，up等表示方位的单词，其 他表示地点的介词短语放在句首时v ①In front of the building is a vineyard. 楼前有个葡 萄园 v v表示地点的介词短语放在句首时，名词作主语倒装，v 人称代词不倒装vHere you are.vThere he goes.3、副词now,then,thus（因此，如此） 引导的句子里，谓语 come, appear，follow, begin, end, be等，用全部倒装 ．Now comes your turn!轮到你了Then followed another shot of gun. Thus ended their marriage.4 在某些祝愿句中，全部倒装。

v1.Long live China! v 中国万岁！v2.May you succeed! v 祝你成功！v3.May you have a good journey! v 祝你旅途愉快!５、直接引语的全部或一部分在句首时， 引用动词和它的主语（名词）往往要倒装v“You’ve made great progress this term.”v said the teacher.v“Tom”,said his father, “ You shouldn’t v make friends with such boys!”注意： 主语是代词时，不用倒装 “Where are you going?” he asked.2)引用动词另有宾语时，即使主语是名词 也不倒装 “Why didn’t you join us!”Our monitor asked us（宾语）.主谓宾6. 一个较长的地点状语短语放在句首时, 如果主语长,谓语短,需要全部倒装. 电影镜头感 描述 v1) In a lecture hall of a university in England sat an old professor with a heavy book under his arm.v2) From the valley came a gun shot.v3) They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which stood a peasant boy.二、部分倒装v将谓语的一部分(即情态动词、系动词或助动 词)提到主语前的称为部分倒装。

v如句中没有情态动词、助动词或系动词，谓 语只是一个实义动词，要在主语前加助动词 do，does或did，主语后的实义动词用原形 常见的有： 1. 在否定或半否定词放句首表示强调时，部分倒装never, hardly, scarcely 几乎不，仅仅，决不 seldom, little, barely 仅够，几乎没有rarely 不常，很少nowhere无处，到处都无 by no means 决不 in no case,at no time 决不 not …untilhardly (scarcely)…when, no sooner….than(一…就)Hardly(两种用法） did I think it possible. Not until yesterday did we know that he had died of cancer.直到昨天我们才知道他死于癌症 Seldom did the boy read newspaper.Little do I dream of seeing such wonderful scenery（风景，景色）.2 以only修饰的副词、介词短语或从 句放在句首时。

v ①Only then did I realize that I was wrong.只是到那时我才意识到我错了v ②Only in this way can you improve your English. 只有这样你才能提高英语水平 v ③Only when he is free does he come to see me. 只有当他空闲时才来看我 注意v注：Only修饰主语时不能使用倒装句型 vOnly teachers can use this room. v Only he can do this work.vOnly Wang Lin knows this . 3、当so置于句首意为“也如此”， neither，nor置于句首意为“也不”时 v ①They all finished the work. So did I. 他们都完成了工作，我也完成了v ②We have never been abroad， neither has she.我们从来未去过国外，她也 没去过v v 一The students work very hard.学生 们学习努力。

v 一So they do.他们确实是这样v--It is hot today. --So it is. v 注意：１）如果后一个句子只是单纯的重复前面句子 的意思，当so表示对前句内容的肯定和附和，译作“ 确实，正是”时，则不倒装.用自然语序２）如按照别人的意思做了什么事， so也不用倒装(…某人照办了）vThe teacher asked me to read louder , vand I did so.4 当not only…but also, so／such…that, not… until, no sooner… than, hardly… when等连词置于句首时，部分倒装 即前半句倒装，后半句正常语序①Not only did we lose all our money，but also we came close to losing our lives.v 我们不但把钱全丢了，还几乎丢了命 v ②So hard does he study that he often forgets food and sleep.v 他学习如此努力，常常是废。