ppcpu化学共混物的制备和性能研究_毕业设计论文.doc

PPC/PU 化学 共混物的制 备和性能研 究IPPC/PU 化学共混物的制备和性能研究摘 要本文采用乙二胺与碳酸丙烯酯开环反应，制备出羟基封端的聚合物—聚碳酸亚丙酯(PPC)，再加入甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯(TDI)和聚醚(220)在搅拌作用下扩链固化，一步法生成聚碳酸亚丙酯聚氨酯(PPC/PU)的化学共混物本文研究了碳酸丙烯酯和乙二胺在不同摩尔配比(2:1,4:1,6:1,8:1,10:1)条件下发生开环反应来制备 PPC再选用聚醚与 PPC 混合（PPO/PPC 的比为25wt%，30wt%，35wt%，40wt%，45wt%） ，随后加入 TDI 固化制备出 PPC/PU 的化学共混物(NCO/OH 的摩尔比为 1.3:1,1.5:1,1.7:1,1.8:1)碳酸丙烯酯和乙二胺在温度80℃下反应 2 个小时，再加入一定质量分数的聚醚，之后加入定量的 TDI 在 60℃反应 2 个小时，之后在 80℃下固化 24 小时，制备出化学共混物 PPC/PU对固化产品的力学性能进行了测定结果表明，在原料 8:1 的配比及聚醚质量分数为 35%的不同TDI 比例下生成的 PPC/PU 化学共混物有较高的断裂伸长率和适宜的拉伸强度，是一种弹性较好的高分子合金材料。

关键字：二氧化碳，开环聚合，聚碳酸亚丙酯，力学性能IIResearch on the Synthesis and Properties of Polypropylene Carbonate/ Polyurethane Chemical BlendsAbstractBy using ethylenediamine as catalyst, propylene carbonate was polymerized by ring-open reaction to prepare hydroxy-terminated polymer which is polypropylene carbonate(PPC) .Then adding the toluene - 2, 4 - diisocyanate (TDI) and polyether (220) in PPC to extender chain, the chemical blend of polypropylene carbonate and polyurethane (PPC/PU) was prepared.This paper investigated the propylene carbonate and ethylenediamine with different molar ratio (2:1,4:1,6:1,8:1,10:1) to prepare PPC by occuring ring-open polymerization. The PPC mixed with polyether（the mass ratio of PPO/PPC is 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%）,and then mixed with TDI ( the molar ratio of NCO/OH is 1.3:1,1.5:1,1.7:1,1.8:1) to prepare the chemical blend of PPC/PU. The condition of ring-open polymerization was that the reaction time was 2 hours and the temperature is 80℃. Then adding polyether in PPC and mixing with TDI to reaction of 2 hours , the chemical blend of PPC/PU was prepared at the temperature of 60℃. The PPC/PU was solidified 24 hours at the temperature of 80℃ . The breaking elongation and strength of products was measured. The results showed that the prepared PPC/PU have a higher breaking elongation and appropriate tensile strength at the ratio 8:1 of raw material , so PPC/PU were better flexible polymer alloy materials. Key words: carbon dioxide, ring-open polymerization, polypropylene carbonate (PPC), mechanical propertiIII目 录摘 要....................................................................IAbstract..................................................................II第 1 章 综述..............................................................11.1 研究背景.........................................................11.2 聚碳酸酯 PC......................................................11.2.1 聚碳酸酯的性质特点..........................................21.2.2 合成方法....................................................21.2.3 应用现状及前景..............................................41.2.4 脂肪族聚碳酸酯的合成方法与应用现状..........................41.3 聚碳酸亚丙酯 PPC ................................................51.3.1 碳酸丙烯酯的性质与合成方法..................................61.3.2 合成方法....................................................71.3.3 聚碳酸亚丙酯的特性..........................................81.3.4 开发及应用前景..............................................91.4 聚碳酸酯聚氨酯的改性.............................................91.4.1 高分子材料改性..............................................91.4.2 聚合物的化学共混...........................................111.4.3 聚氨酯改性材料的特性及应用.................................121.4.4 聚碳酸酯聚氨酯化学共混.....................................131.4.5 高分子合金 PPC/PU 的研究进展...............................151.5 本课题研究的目的及意义..........................................15第 2 章 实验部分.........................................................162.1 原料............................................................162.2 所用仪器........................................................162.3 实验方法........................................................172.4 实验步骤........................................................182.4.1 开环聚合制备聚碳酸亚丙酯 PPC ...............................182.4.2 一步法制备 PPC/PU .........................................19IV2.4.3 预聚法制备 PPC/PU .........................................202.4.4 性能测试及结构分析.........................................21第 3 章 实验结果分析及讨论...............................................233.1 反应条件的影响因素分析..........................................233.1.1 开环温度及共混温度的选择...................................233.1.2 开环时间及共混时间的选择...................................233.1.3 脱泡及模具的影响...........................................233.1.4 固化条件的选择.............................................253.2 性能测试的数据分析...............................................253.2.1 聚醚 PPO 质量分数的影响....................................283.2.2 氰羟 NCO/OH 比值的影响....................................283.3 PPC 及 PPC/PU 的红外表征........................................283.3.1 开环产物 PPC 的红外分析 ....................................283.3.2 化学共混物 PPC/PU 的红外分析...............................29结 论...................................................................31参考文献.................................................................32致 谢...................................................................33外文翻译.................................................................34中文翻译.......................。