
焊接技术教材.ppt
74页AWS D1.1 K qualifies X; and 2:1 and 1:1 preparations qualify each other and all intermediate geometries. 坡口覆盖按WPS选用 1/2 V只能支持1/2V或V型坡口;K型只能支持K和X型坡口AWS D1.1 Section 3 table 4. 坡口覆盖图3.4 改变坡口类型 (例如:单面 V 形坡口 改为双 V 形坡口,重评) 坡口形式按提交的WPS选用 顺便提下,EEMUA 158 规定对接焊板或T型接头腹板超过8mm时,都要开坡口3. Qualification of WPS and welder 工艺和焊工评定,AWS D1.1 根部间隙公差 R (+3 , -1.5); (i) For double-sided welds: if the root face is more than 2 mm above or below that qualified or if the root gap exceeds 6 mm. 双边坡口: 根部钝边公差 f (+2, -2); 根部间隙公差 R ( 6);,AWS D1.1 中不按单边坡口、双面坡口分,而是按以下三种情况:,背部碳刨 f (+2, -2); R (+2 , -3); (+10,-5),,,3. Qualification of WPS and welder 工艺和焊工评定,AWS D1.1 &EEMUA 158 不同要求,EEMUA 158: 1994 Section 4 4.5 Essential Variables 4.5.2 Weld Geometry Related Variables (坡口尺寸相关的变素) (j) For fillet welds, any increase in root gap. 角焊缝,不得增加根部间隙。
However, for multipass fillet welds any root gap shall be compensated for by a corresponding increase in fillet leg length up to a maximum of 6 mm. 除非多道角焊缝要深熔,间隙增加,焊脚应加大相应增加增量最大不超过6mm. For single-pass fillet welds the root gap shall be limited to 3 mm maximum, and the weld leg length shall be increased by the same amount. 单道角焊缝根部间隙最大不超过3mm. AWS D1.1 5.22 规定 角焊缝和PJP坡口焊缝间隙5mm 间隙尽量小除特殊情况外,当板厚大于75mm,加衬垫允许8mm.,,,3. Qualification of WPS and welder 工艺和焊工评定,AWS D1.1 &EEMUA 158 不同要求,EEMUA 158: 1994 Section 4 4.5 Essential Variables 4.5.2 Weld Geometry Related Variables (坡口尺寸相关的变素) (k) If the joint misalignment on tubulars and skid beams exceeds the following: 在管子和梁的焊接接头中的错边要求: - for single-sided joints: the smaller of 3 mm or 10% of the joint thickness, except that a 2 mm misalignment is permitted regardless of thickness. 单面坡口焊缝:错边最大3mm或0.1T ,取较小者。
允许错边2mm以内时,可以不考虑板厚 - for double-sided joints: the smaller of 6 mm or 10% of the joint thickness, except that a 2 mm misalignment is permitted regardless of thickness 双面坡口焊缝:错边最大6mm或0.1T ,取较小者允许错边2mm以内时,可以不考虑板厚 If the joint misalignment on sections other than those in (k) exceeds the smaller of 5 mm or 12% of the joint thickness, except that a 2 mm misalignment is permitted regardless of thickness. 除了(k)中的接头形式,在型材对接的接头中,错边最大5mm或12%T ,取较小者错边在2mm以内时,可以不考虑板厚3. Qualification of WPS and welder 工艺和焊工评定,AWS D1.1 &EEMUA 158 不同要求,,AWS D1.1 5.22.3.1 圆周焊缝对齐(管材) 环缝对接处相邻边缘的径向偏差严禁超过 0.2 t t 为较薄者的壁厚,且最大容许偏差必须为 6mm,任何偏差超过 3mm时要从两面施焊。
现场的板较厚,所以单面焊不准超过3mm,双面坡口焊允许超过3mm,但要小于6mm.,AWS D1.1 5.22.3 对接接头的校直(对准) 以对接接头连接的部件必须仔细校直(对准)如果校直之中因偏心而弯曲的部件,造成对其强力地约束,则相对于理论校直线的偏离值严禁超过连接的较薄件厚度 10%,或3mm,取两者中之较小值3. Qualification of WPS and welder 接工艺和焊工评定,AWS D1.1 &EEMUA 158 不同要求,EEMUA 158: 1994 Section 4 4.5 Essential Variables 4.5.3 Consumables Variables (焊材变素) 焊接评定时,盖面焊道使用相同直径的焊条生产中焊条直径可以增加但要符合以下要求: (d) If the core diameter of a SMAW electrode is increased to one which did not make at least 25% of the passes in the qualifying weld. 现场使用的焊条直径增加到评定试验中使用的不超过25%焊缝道数的焊条。
重评在焊接评定试验中,使用增加直径的焊条焊接道数在总焊道中超过25%,现场才允许直径增加没有超过25%, 生产中 不允许增加焊条直径 (e) If the core diameter of a SMAW electrode used for the capping passes is reduced. 生产中,用于盖面的焊条直径大小不能减少 整个盖面焊道使用焊条直径工艺要求多少就是多少AWS D1.1 表4.5 规定焊条直径增加值0.8mm,重评3. Qualification of WPS and welder 工艺和焊工评定,AWS D1.1 &EEMUA 158 不同要求,EEMUA 158: 1994 Section 4 4.5 Essential Variables 4.5.4 Procedural Variables (工艺要求上的变素) (a) If the welding process used for any part of the weld (i.e. root, second pass, fill or cap) is changed. 焊缝分根部焊道,第二道,填充焊道,盖面焊道,每层每道要按WPS来。
(g) If the first side to be welded in an unequal double-sided preparation (or one using different consumables on either side) is changed. 焊接顺序: 双面不等边坡口,先焊大坡口侧,还是小坡口侧,要按WPS来 (两侧用什么焊材,是不是相同等等,不能用错),,,3. Qualification of WPS and welder 工艺和焊工评定,AWS D1.1 &EEMUA 158 不同要求,EEMUA 158: 1994 Section 4 4.5 Essential Variables 4.5.4 Procedural Variables (工艺要求上的变素) 对打磨和碳刨的要求也比AWS D1.1 严格 (c) If grinding between passes is omitted or if back-gouging is omitted. 取消层间焊道打磨或取消背面碳刨 (d) If the depth of back-gouging / grinding is reduced. 碳刨和打磨的深度减少。
重评 (e) If the depth of back-gouging/grinding is increased to more than 10 mm. 碳刨或打磨的深度增加超过10mm. 重评 (f ) If the back welding used in qualification is omitted. 评定中采用背面焊接,取消重评,,,4. construction and Fabrication 建造 EEMUA 158 Clause5 提出以下要求: 所有建造相关的工人都要有相应的从事各自工作的资格 焊工考试满足EEMUA 158 的相关规定 所有建造、组装、合拢应依照业主认可的程序AWS D1.1 &EEMUA 158 不同要求,AWS D1.1 第5章. 制造 5.1 范围 由本规范认可的任何方法生产的焊接组件和结构的制作和安装,必须遵守本章所有适用条款(见3.2 和 4.15)4. construction and Fabrication 建造 EEMUA 158,AWS D1.1 &EEMUA 158 不同要求,5.2 Preparation and Assembly 5.2.4 Design of Welded Connections 除非图纸上标明,否则所有的焊缝都是连续地,全焊透双面坡口焊缝。
内径小于600mm,才采用单面坡口焊缝具体还得看设计图纸) Where point-to-point construction is employed, consideration shall be given to the possible effects of this method of construction on root quality. 对于管接头,采用对称分段焊接时,要注意根部焊道的质量 Consideration shall also be given to the practicality of performing NDT in the root region of such joints, together with appropriate acceptance criteria. 对这些接头,要考虑根部区域便于做 NDTRT),,,4. construction and Fabrication 建造 EEMUA 158,AWS D1.1 &EEMUA 158 不同要求,5.2 Preparation and Asse。












