词不定式专题复习.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,T h e I n f i n i t i v e,动词不定式,动词不定式的构成：,肯定式：,to+动词原形,否定式：,not to+动词原形,复合结构:,for sb.to do,动词不定式的用法,动词不定式可充当的句子成分：,主语,宾语,定语,表语,状语,宾语补足语,注：动词不定式不能作谓语,A.不定式作主语,（一定要带to,谓语动词要用单数）,To play video game is fun.,To learn English well is important.,不定式作主语时，常用,it,作形式主语，而将真正的主语即动词不定式放在句末，构成固定句型It isn.(for sb.)to do sth.,用于此句型的名词有:,pity,shame,pleasure,ones duty,ones job,fun,joy,good manners,bad manners等It takes sb.some timeto do sth.,该句型意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”Its+adj.+（for/of sb.)+to do sth.,该句型意为“做某事对某人来说是”。

不定式作主语的常用句型:,1.Its clever of you to refuse her.,2.It was careless,of her,to make such a mistake.,3.Its very kind of you to help us.,1.Its necessary for you to give up smoking.2.Its easy for me to do that.,3.Its very hard for him to study two languages.,形容词为描述人的品质的词,使用of形容词修饰不定式时用介词for.形容词修饰逻辑主语时用介词of.,）,good,kind,nice,clever,foolish,right,honest,careful,polite,wrong,bad,foolish,carelessfor sb./of sb.,的区别,用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for1.Its very nice of you to say so.,You are,nice,.(通顺，所以应用of)2.Its hard for him to finish the project by himself,He is,hard,.(人是困难的，不通，因此应用for),不定式像名词一样，可以放在be动词后面。

1.My wish is to visit London next year.,2.Toms idea is to go to Forest Park to have a picnic.,3.The important thing is to save lives.,4.My wish is to write a good book for children.,5.Our work is to build the highway.,6.My job is to teach English.,7.My idea is,to climb the mountain from the north,.,8.My suggestion is,to start work at once,.,B.不定式作表语,ones wish/job/aim/goal/ambition/plan/dream/way/work/hope/duty/idea/suggestion is to do/be,(1)I hope,to be a doctor.,She decided,to make another try.,They all want,to see the film.,We hope,to be back home at 6:00.,(5)Fred didnt have any money,so he decided,to look for a job,.,常见的能跟带to不定式的动词及短语：,want/wish/hope/decide/learn/plan/would like/get ready to do,C.不定式作宾语,e.g.,I find it difficult to understand him.We thought it wrong not to help her.They found it impossible to get everything ready in time.,it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语动词不定式置于句末。

sb.believe/think/consider/feel/make/find+it+adj.+to do sth.,1.I dont know,where to go.,2.He didnt know,what to do./how to do it.,3.Can you tell me,how to get,there?,4.I cant decide,which to choose.,5.The teacher showed us,how to use a computer.,“疑问词+不定式”结构可以转换为从句形式,1）I dont know,where I will go.,2）He didnt know,what he would do,/how he could do it.,3）Can you tell me,how I can get there,.,4）I cant decide,which I will choose,.,5)The teacher showed us,how we could use a computer.,不定式与疑问词连用，构成不定式短语，作宾语,1.We have come to learn from you.,2.I got up early to catch the bus.,3.The boy is old enough to go to school.,4.He was too excited to say a word.,5.She was surprised to hear the news.,6.Im glad to meet you.,D.不定式作状语,不定式结构可以作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词等，表示,目的、原因、结果,等。

表示,目的,表示,原因,表示,结果,表示目的：,He came here just,to ask me some questions.,He bought a bicycle,to go to town more quickly,.,He went home,to see his mother,.,He came here,in order,to see Charlie.,He shouted and waved,so as,to be noticed,.,He went early,in order,not to miss the train,.,I turned the radio down,so as,not to disturb him,.,为了强调表示目的的不定式结构，通常可以用,in order(not)to 或 so as(not)to,(so as to 不能放在句首）,可以和so that引导的目的状语从句转换Mr Li got up early so tht he could catch the early bus.,Mr Li got up early so as/in order to catch the early bus.,表示结果：,一般用在enough to,tooto 等结构中,可以和sothat引,导的结果状语从句转换,1.He ran fast enough to catch up with them.,2.He is too young to go to school.,3.She was too excited to say a word.,He ran so fast that he caught up with them.,He is so young that he cant go to school.,He isnt old enough to go to school.,She was so excited that she couldnt say a word.,表示原因：,be+adj（glad .sorry .sure.happy.afraid.,surprised 等表情感的形容词后）+to do sth.,下列动词用不定式作宾语补足语时，带,to：,ask/tell/order/want/invite/allow/like/warn/encourage/teach would like sb to do,1.My mother always,likes,me,to get up,early.,2.Lucy often,teaches,me,to learn,English.,3.She doesnt,want,her,to attend,the meeting.,4.I,asked,him,to show,me the new dictionary.,5.She,asked,me,to stay there,.,6.Please,allow,me,to introduce Mr.White to you,.,E.不定式作宾语补足语,下列动词用不定式作宾语补足语时，必须省去不定式符号,to：,e.g.,1.He observed someone open the door.,2.I watched them get into the car.,3.Did you notice him leave the room?,学会记忆,:作宾补不带to.,一感：feel,二听：hear,listen to,三使役/让：let,make,have,五看：see,watch,look at,observe,notice,可带可不带to：help,总结:省to 的不定式,1）情态动词(除ought 外，ought to)：,2）使役动词 let,have,make,3）感官动词 see,watch,look at,notice,observe,hear,listen to,smell,feel,find 等后作宾补,省略to。

4）would rather，had better,5）Why dont you/why not：,6）help 可带to，也可不带to,help sb.(to)do sth.,7)had better(not),8)Will/Would you please?,1.I have a lot of homework,to do.,2.Do you have anything,to say?,3.My father has something important,to tell me.,4.Would you like something,to drink?,5.Here is a book for you,to read.,6.I have no time,to talk with her.,7.He needs a room,to live in.,8.He was always the last,to leave.,9.Betty was the first,to know the truth.,10.She usually h。