
直接引语变间接引语讲解优秀课件.ppt
27页直接引语与间接引语直接引语与间接引语Direct speech & Reported speech1直接引语:直接引语: 直接引述别人的原话直接引述别人的原话. .直直接引语的前后必须加引号接引语的前后必须加引号间接引语:间接引语: 转述别人的话转述别人的话间接引间接引语前后不加引号语前后不加引号间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句直接引语与间接引语的定义2妈妈说:” 杰克是个好工人“.Mother said :”Jack is a good worker.”妈妈说杰克是个好工人Mother said that Jack was a good worker直接引语:直接引语:间接引语Direct speech:Indirect speech:3一、如何变人称:一、如何变人称: 口诀:一随主二随宾,第三不变口诀:一随主二随宾,第三不变•“一随主一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从是指在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如:句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如:•She said. "My brother wants to go shopping with me. ”•→She said her brother wanted to go shopping with her.4““二随宾二随宾””是指直接引语变间接引语时,是指直接引语变间接引语时,若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人你所修饰。
从句中的人称要跟引第二人你所修饰从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致如果引号外的号外的主句的宾语一致如果引号外的主句没有宾语也可以用第一人称,如:主句没有宾语也可以用第一人称,如: He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?” →He asked Kate how her sister was then 5“第三人称不更新第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间是指直接引语变间接引语时如果从句中的主语及宾语是接引语时如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如:人称一般不需要变化如: Mr. Smith said, “Jack is a good boy.”→Mr. Smith said Jack was a good boy.6二、如何变时态:二、如何变时态:直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整1) 一般现在时一般现在时→一般一般过去时态过去时态;; She said: “ I am a student. ” → She said (that) she was a student.2)一般将来时一般将来时→过去将来时过去将来时 She said, "He will go to see his friend.”→She said he would go to see his friend。
Tom said, “ I am going to play basketball tomorrow.”→ Tom said he was going to play basketball tomorrow.3) 现在进行时现在进行时→过去进行时过去进行时;; She said ,“I am reading a book.”→She said she was reading a book.7 注意:以下几种情况时态注意:以下几种情况时态 不变不变①①直接引语是客观真理直接引语是客观真理 The teacher said "The earth moves around the sun .”→ The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun earth.③③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语,直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语, 变为间接引语时,时态不变变为间接引语时,时态不变如:如: Jack said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980." ②②直接引语是过去进行时,时态不变。
直接引语是过去进行时,时态不变 Jack said. “I was doing chores when Tom came to see me”Jack said he was doing chores when Tom came to see him.→Jack said he was born on April 21, 1980.8④④直接引语如果是一般现在时表示一种反复出现或直接引语如果是一般现在时表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作,变间接引语,时态不变如:习惯性的动作,变间接引语,时态不变如: He said, “I get up at six every morning ⑤⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式不再如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式不再变变(例:(例:could, should, would, might)) The doctor said, “You should stay in bed for 2 days.” → The doctor said I should stay in bed for 2 days.” 和已经是过去时的形式时和已经是过去时的形式时,, 例:例: ought to,, had better, used to Peter said. "You had better come here today." →He said he gets up at six every morning.→Peter said I had better go there that day.9三、如何变状语:三、如何变状语:直接引语变间接引语,状语变化有其内在规律,直接引语变间接引语,状语变化有其内在规律,时间状语时间状语由由“现在现在”改为改为“原来原来”(例:(例:now变为变为then, yesterday变为变为 the day before today变为变为 that day He said, ”I want to go swimming now. ”→ He said he wanted to go swimming then.地点状语地点状语,尤其表示方向性的,,尤其表示方向性的, here 变变 there The teacher said ,“ You should come here at 7:00.” →The teacher said I should go there at 7:00.指示代词指示代词修饰的状语,由修饰的状语,由“此此”改为改为“彼彼” 例:例:this 改为改为that He said, "This books is mine.“ →He said that book was his. ago—before; this morning—that morningYesterday—the day before; tomorrow—the next daynext week—the following week/the next weekYesterday morning—the morning before谓语动词的变化谓语动词的变化:直接引语直接引语:Must ;Come ;bring间接引语间接引语:had to; go ;takeShe said," I will come here this evening.”She said that she would go there that evening101、直接引语中的、直接引语中的时间状语时间状语转换规则:转换规则:2、直接引语中的指示代词转换规则:、直接引语中的指示代词转换规则:3、直接引语中动词、直接引语中动词come在间接引语中用在间接引语中用go:4、直接引语中副词、直接引语中副词here在间接引语中用在间接引语中用there::5、如果是在当天或在原地转达,则上述时间状语、如果是在当天或在原地转达,则上述时间状语 或地点状语一律或地点状语一律不变:不变:thisthatthesethose11直接引语转间接引语其他部分变化直接引语转间接引语其他部分变化•here•over here•tonight•now•today•yesterday•tomorrow•last week/month/year…•next week/month/year…•…ago•the day after tomorrow•this•these•come•bring•there•over there•that night•then•that day•the day before•the next day•the week/moth/year…before…•the next week/month/year…•…before•two days later•that•those•go•take12((1)) She said “ I’ll come this evening.” She said (that) she would go that evening.((2)) My sister said to me, “I’m leaving tomorrow.” My sister told me (that) she was leaving the next day. ((3))He said, “My mother is not here now.” He said (that) his mother was not there then.((4))Nancy said,” I am very happy today.” Nancy said (that) she was very happy that day.1. 直接引语是直接引语是陈述句陈述句变为间接引语的方法变为间接引语的方法 引导词为 引导词为: 语序 语序:that不变不变(that可省略可省略)四、如何变句型四、如何变句型13When do you have math?( They asked him )They asked himwhenyou have mathyou have math.hehadThey asked him when he had math.2.特殊疑问句直接引语变间接引语特殊疑问句直接引语变间接引语陈述句语序(即主语在前,谓语在后)陈述句语序(即主语在前,谓语在后)14“What are you doing?”She asked meI was doing.what15“Why do you like English?”He asked meI liked Englishwhy16“Where does he live?”She asked mehe lived.where17Do you have math?( They asked him )They asked himWhether/ifyou have mathyou have math.hehadThey asked him whether/if he had math.3.一般疑问句直接引语变间接引语一般疑问句直接引语变间接引语注意:与注意:与注意:与注意:与oror或或或或 or notor not连用时,不用连用时,不用连用时,不用连用时,不用if if,要用,要用,要用,要用whether.whether.陈述句语序(即主语在前,谓语在后)陈述句语序(即主语在前,谓语在后)18“Do you know my name?”She asked meI knew her name.Whether / if是否是否19Can you play the piano?( They asked him )They asked himWhether/ifYou can play the pianoyou can play the piano.hecouldThey asked him whether/if he could play the piano.20“Can you help me?”She asked meI could help her.Whether / if21Are you a teacher?( They asked him )They asked himWhether/ifyou are a teacheryou are a teacher.hewasThey asked him whether he was a teacher.22“Are you ready?”She asked meI was ready.Whether / if234. 直接引语是直接引语是祈使句祈使句变为间接引语的方法变为间接引语的方法 间接引语应改为间接引语应改为 “tell (ask, order等等) sb (not) to do sth.”句型。
句型 She said, “ Don’t talk.”She asked the children She said, “Be quiet.”She asked me She said, “Put up you hands if you have anyquestions.She told us to put up our hands if we had any questions.to be quiet.not to talk.24Exercise1. “I never eat meat.” he said. He said that ______ never ______ meat.2. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”The teacher said that the sun ______ in the east and ______ down in the west.3. “I met her yesterday.” he said to me.He ______ me that he ______ met her the day ______.4. “You must come here before five.” he said.He said that I ______ to go ______ before five.5. “Are you interested in this?” he said. He ______ ______ I was interested in ______.6. “Don’t tell him the news.” she said. She told me _____ _____ _______ him the news. heaterisesgoestoldhadbeforehadthereaskedifthattonottell251.She said to me “ Why are you interested in science?” She asked me _____ _____ ______interested in science.2. He asked him “when will you buy the red coat?” He asked him ____ ______ _______ buy the red coat.3. Shirley asked me “Where were you born?” Shirley asked me ________ _____ _____ born.4. “ What’s wrong with you?” Lily asked me. Lily asked me ______ _____ _______ with _____.Exercises:why I was when he wouldwhere I waswhat was wrong me 2627。
