中医医学英语,课后练习答案.pdf

第一单元第一单元1,临床经验 clinical experience2,辨证论治 treatment based on syndrome differentiation3,四气五味 four properties and five tastes4,针灸 acupuncture and moxibustion5,补土派 School of Reinforcing the Earth寒凉派 School of cold and cool攻下派 School of purgation滋阴派 School of nourishing yin6,治疗原则 therapeutic principles7,寒凉药物 herbs cold and cool8,中国医药学有数千年的历史,是中国人民长期同疾病作斗争的经验总结TCM has a history of thousands of years and is a summary of the Chinesepeoples experience in their struggle against diseases9, 黄帝内经为中医学理论体系的形成奠定了基础。

Hang dis Inner Canon has laid a foundation for the formation oftheoretical system of TCM.10, 阳常有余,阴常不足Yang is usually excessive while yin is frequently deficient.11,金元时期出现了后世称为“金元四大家”的医学流派In the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, there appeared the so-called “fourgreat physicians ”in medical school.12, 刘完素认为“火热”为主要病因,用药以寒凉为主Liu Wansu believe that “fire-heat” was the main cause of diseasesand the drugs he used were mainly those cold and cool in nature.第二单元1,整体观念 concept of holism2, 有机整体 organic whole3,风寒感冒 common cold due to wind and cold4, 同病异治 treating the same disease with different therapies5, 异病同治 treating different diseases with the same therapy6,水液代谢平衡 balance of water metabolism7, 中医理论体系有两个基本特点:一是整体观念,二是辨证论治。

The theoretical system of TCM is mainly characterized by holism andtreatment based on syndrome differentiation.8,中医学认为人体是一个有机的整体TCM believes that the human body is an organic whole.9,人体各个组成部分在功能上相互为用,在病理上互相影响The constituent parts of the human body are interdependent infunction and mutually influential in pathology.10, 整体观念贯穿于中医生理,病理,诊法,辩证和治疗的各个方面The holism permeates through various aspects of the physiology,pathology, diagnosis, syndrome differentiation and treatment of diseases.11, 自然界的变化又可以直接或间接地影响人体。

Changes in the natural world directly or indirectly influence thehuman body.12, 人的气血春夏趋向于表,秋冬趋向于里Qi and blood in the human body tend to flow to the exterior inspring and summer and to the interior in autumn and winter.13, 心开窍于舌并与小肠相表里The heart opens into the tongue and is internally and externallyrelated to the small intestine.14, 证包括了病变的部位,原因,性质,以及邪正关系Syndrome includes the location, cause and nature of a disease aswell as the state of pathogenic factors and healthy qi.15, 不同的疾病可因相同的病机而出现相同的证Different diseases may present the same syndrome because they areof the same pathological mechanism.第三单元1,相互转化 mutual transformation2, 寒极生热 extreme cold turning into heat3, 病理变化 pathological changes4, 补其不足 supplementing what is deficient5,相互消长 mutual wane and wax6, 相互制约 mutual restriction7,有机整体 organic whole8,阴阳是自然界相互关联的某些事物和现象的对立双方的概括。

Yin and yang are the summarization of the attributes of twoopposite aspects of interrelated things or phenomena in nature.9, 宇宙间一切事物的发生,发展和变化都是阴阳对立统一矛盾运动的结果The formation, development and changes of all things in theuniverse are the result of the contradictory movement of yin and yangwith unity of opposites.10, 正气指整个机体的结构与功能,包括人体对疾病的抵抗能力等The so-called vital qi refers to the structure and functions of thebody, including body resistance against diseases.11,机体阴或阳的任何一方虚损到一定程度,必然导致另一方的不足If either part of yin or yang the body becomes deficient to acertain extent, it will inevitably lead to insufficiency of the otherpart.12,治疗的基本原则是补其不足,泄其有余。

The basic therapeutic principle is to supplement the deficient andreduce the excessive.第四单元1,五行学说 the theory of five elements2,相乘相侮 subjugation and counter-restriction3,母病及子 disease of the mother-organ affecting the child-organ4,木,火,土,金,水是不可缺少的五种最基本的物质Wood, fire, earth, metal and water are the five indispensable andmost essential materials.5, 水具有滋润和向下的特性Water is characterized by moistening and downward flow.6, 肝主升而属于木The liver pertains to wood because its qi is characterized byascending.7, 脾主运化而归属于木。

The spleen pertains to earth because it governs transportation andtransformation.8, 肾主水而归属于水The kidney governs water and thus pertains to water.9, 相乘即以强凌弱的意思Subjugation means to launch an attack on the weak.10, 心阳有温煦之功能,故心属火Since its yang is of warming function , the heart pertains to fire.11,肝藏血以济心The liver stores blood to supplement the heart.12, 肾藏精以滋养肝的阴血The kidney stores essence to nourish yin-blood in the liver.第五单元1,藏象学说 theory of visceral manifestation2,五脏六腑 five zang-organs and six fu-organs3,奇恒之服 extraordinary fu-organs4,水谷精微 essence of water and food5,五脏的共同生理特点是化生和贮藏精气。

The common physiological function of the five zang-organs is toproduce and store essential qi.6, 脏病多虚,腑病多实Diseases of the zang-organs are often of deficiency in nature whilediseases of the fu-organs are frequently of excess in nature.7, 肾的精气有促进骨骼生长的作用Kidney essence can promote the growth of skeleton.8, 心与小肠相表里The heart is internal-externally related to the small intestine.9, 脾开窍于口,其华在唇四白The spleen opens into the mouth and its luster is manifested overthe lips.10, 五脏的生理功能与精神情志密切相关The physiological functions of the five zang-organs are closelyrelated to minds and emotions.第六单元1,汗血同源 sweat and blood sharing the same origin2,宣发肃降 dispersion, purification and descent3,脾主运化 。