2018-2019学年高中北师大版英语选修八同步检测：Unit 23 Conflict23-4a（含答案）

1、课时语法精讲 KESHIYUFAJINGJIANG语法预备役用括号里动词的正确形式完成下面的句子1Why _ (have) you _ (be) in touch?答案：havent；been2You _ (have) my email for ages!答案：have had3At least by the time I get back I _ (read) that awfully boring book that my history teacher has made me read over the holidays.答案：will have read4If I _ (realise) it was that dangerous I _ never _ (stand) so close!答案：had realised；would；have stood5I suppose they _ (know) me since I was a baby.答案：must have known6I _ (be) out helping my grandfather with his fenc

2、e.答案：should have been语法讲座表达完成的动词形式1现在完成时(1)现在完成时由“have/has过去分词”构成，主要有两个含义：表示动作发生在过去，但对现在有影响，有时无时间状语，有时和一些所指时间不具体的时间状语连用，如：just, yet, already, before, recently, lately等。表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在并还可能继续延续下去的动作，用于延续性动词，且句中常带有表示一段时间的时间状语，如：since, for等。(2)现在完成时和一般过去时都能表示过去发生过的动作，但现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在的影响，并且表示这一动作已完成或还可能继续下去；一般过去时与现在的情况没有联系，仅表示过去的动作，且这一动作到说话时已终止。因此现在完成时不能与明确地表示过去时间的状语如when I was five years old, in 1949, yesterday, last week等连用，并且用when或where对这些时间或地点状语提问时，一般只用一般过去时。(3)在“It is the first/second.time th

3、at.”或在“It/This/That is the 最高级名词that.”结构中，that从句中的动词常用现在完成时；由since引导的从句一般用过去时，主句用现在完成时。2过去完成时(1)过去完成时适用的场合过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成了的动作。这个过去的时间常用by，before等构成的介词短语或一个时间状语表示出来，也可以暗含在上下文中。如：I had finished my homework before supper.我在晚饭前就把作业做完了。The play had already started when we got to the theatre.我们到剧场时戏已经开始了。By the end of June they had treated over 10,000 patients.到六月底他们已经治疗了一万多个病人。过去完成时还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间。如：He had served in the army for ten years before he retired last year.他在部队干了十年，去年退

4、伍了。He told me that he had known her since he was a child.他告诉我他从小就认识她。He had learned English for eight years before he went to England for further study.他在去英国深造前，已学了八年英语。在一段情景连贯的文字中，先发生的事放在后面叙述时，要用过去完成时。如：Tom flew home, but his father had already died.汤姆乘飞机回家，但他的父亲却已经去世了。过去完成时也用于hadjust/barely/scarcely/hardlydone.when.，no sooner.than., It was the first time that等一些固定句型中。如：He had no sooner left the room than they began to talk about him.他刚离开房间，他们就议论起他来。We had hardly begun when we were told to stop

5、.我们刚开始就被叫停。It was the first time that he had ever spoken to me in such a tone.这是他第一次用这样的语气跟我讲话。(2)过去完成时与一般过去时的比较当一个由before，after，as soon as等连词引导的从句所表示的动作和主句的动作紧接着发生时，可用一般过去时来表示。如：We had breakfast after we did morning exercises.做完早操后，我们吃早饭。The train started to move just before he reached the platform.他还没到月台，火车就开走了。They started ploughing as soon as they got to the fields.他们一到地里就开始耕地。按时间顺序叙述两个或两个以上接连发生的动作时，用一般过去时。如：He entered the room, turned on the light and sat down at the table.他走进屋子，打开灯，坐在桌子旁。在

6、表示某人未曾完成的愿望，仅限于expect, hope，plan，think等动词，常用过去完成时。如：I had hoped to be back last night, but I didnt catch the train.我本来希望昨晚回来的，但没赶上火车。We had thought to return early but they wouldnt let us go.我们本想早回来的，但他们不让我们走。在表示过去的句子中出现常与完成时态连用的词，如：already，yet，since，for，ever，never及表示次数的名词等时，常用过去完成时来表示。如：When we got there the basketball match had already started.我们到那里时，篮球赛已经开始了。The old man said that he wanted to go where he had never been.老人说他想到他从未去过的地方去。如果句中出现了表示具体的过去时间的状语，句子的内容为过去的实际情况或句子的内容为历史事实时，常用一般过去时。如：Th

7、e teacher said that it was Columbus who first discovered the American continent.老师说是哥伦布最早发现了美洲大陆。表述说话人始料未及的事情时，常用一般过去时。由于受汉语表述习惯的影响，常会用错时态。如：Jack, you are also here! I didnt see you.杰克，你也在这里啊！我没有看见你。3将来完成时(1)将来完成时由“shall/willhave动词过去分词”构成，用来表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作。经常与“before将来时间”或“by将来时间”连用，也可与before或by the time引导的现在时的从句连用。如：They will have been married for 20 years by then.到那时，他们将已经结婚20年了。You will have reached Shanghai by this time tomorrow.到明天的这个时候，你将已经到达上海了。(2)将来完成时的用法表示在将来某一时间之前已完成的动作，并往往对将来产

8、生影响。如：We shall have learned 12 units by the end of this term.到这个学期末，我们将学完12个单元。By the time you get home I will have cleaned the house from top to bottom.你到家之前我将把房子彻底打扫完一遍了。表示某种状态一直持续到说话人所提及的时间。如：We will have been married for a year by June 25th.到6月25日我们结婚就满一年了。4“情态动词have done”结构(1)情态动词can/could，may/might，must与have done连用，表示对过去事情作出的猜测。如：The room is empty. Where can he have gone?房间里没有人，他能到哪里去了呢？(2)情态动词could，should，might，would，need与have done连用，表示说话人主观臆想存在而实际上并不存在的事。如：You should have finished the wo

9、rk much better since the working conditions have improved a lot.由于工作条件大大改善了，你本来应该把工作做得更好些。5现在分词的完成形式having done(1)现在分词的完成形式的基本用法从动作关系上看，现在分词的完成形式主要表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作；从用法上看，现在分词完成式主要用作状语，表示时间或原因等。表示时间如：Having noted down our names and addresses, the policeman dismissed us.那个警察把我们的姓名和地址记下之后就让我们走了。Having found a hotel, we looked for somewhere to have dinner.在找好旅馆之后，我们就去找吃饭的地方了。表示原因如：Having been there once, she knew the place quite well.由于去过那儿一次，她对那地方很熟悉。Having invited him here to speak, wed better go to his lecture.既然我们已经邀请他来这儿演讲了，我们最好去听听。(2)现在分词完成形式的否定式将not置于整个分词之前构成其否定形式。如：Not having done it right, I tri

《2018-2019学年高中北师大版英语选修八同步检测：Unit 23 Conflict23-4a（含答案）》由会员【****分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2018-2019学年高中北师大版英语选修八同步检测：Unit 23 Conflict23-4a（含答案）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。