1、在在阅读语篇篇中中我我们常常常常遇遇到到一一些些代代词，如如it, they, that, this, which, as, so等等，其其中中it, that, this等等代代词在在语篇篇中中出出现的的频率率较高高，它它们不不仅能能起起指指代代作作用用，用用来来代代替替上上下下文文涉涉及及到到的的人人、事事或或物物，同同时还能能起起到到承承上上启启下下，体体现语篇篇中中各各个个句句子子之之间的的衔接接关关系。系。代词在阅读理解中的两种代词在阅读理解中的两种考法考法代词一般是代词一般是“回指回指”前面提到过的某一事前面提到过的某一事物或内容。如：物或内容。如：Our curtains look dirty. They need a good wash. (They回指回指our curtains) 但有时也但有时也“预指预指”后面出现的某一事后面出现的某一事物或内容。如：物或内容。如：I shall say this to you: he is an honest man. (this预指冒号后面的预指冒号后面的he is an honest man)高高考考的的阅读理理解解题中中有
2、有关关代代词的的指指代代关关系系的的考考查，主要有两，主要有两类：1.直接要求考生指出代直接要求考生指出代词所指的具体内容所指的具体内容 例例1(2013广广东) However, to succeed in life, one first needs to set a goal and then gradually make it more practical. And, in addition to that, in order to get really good at something, one needs to spend at least 10,000 hours studying and practicing. In Paragraph 2, the underlined word “that” refers to _.A. being good at somethingB. setting a practical goalC. putting in more timeD. succeeding in life解解析析：选B。本本题考考查要要求求考考生生弄弄清清that
3、指指代代的的内内容容，“除除此此之之外外”中中的的“此此(that)”到到底底是是指指什什么么？当当然然是是回回指指前前句句中中的的set a goal and then gradually make it more practical，故，故选B。2.间接考查考生对代词指代内容的把握间接考查考生对代词指代内容的把握 因为代词在上下文或上下句中起语义因为代词在上下文或上下句中起语义的衔接作用，在解答某些细节题时，如果不的衔接作用，在解答某些细节题时，如果不弄清代词的指代内容，就很难选出正确的答弄清代词的指代内容，就很难选出正确的答案。解题中，考生需要利用代词的回指或预案。解题中，考生需要利用代词的回指或预指来理清上下句的衔接关系，从而找到问题指来理清上下句的衔接关系，从而找到问题的答案。的答案。例例2(2009广广东)It was hard to lift her. She was just out. But he managed to raise her the four feet to the platform so that bystanders could hold her b
4、y the grins and drag her away from the edge. That was where Lisa briefly regained consciousness, felt herself being pulled along the ground, and saw someone else holding her purse.When did Lisa become conscious again?A. When the train was leaving.B. After she was back on the platform.C. After the police and fire officials came. D. When a man was cleaning the blood from her head.解解析析：B。解解答答本本题的的关关键是是理理解解 “That was where Lisa briefly regained consciousness (那那就就是是丽莎莎苏醒醒的的地地方方)”中中的的that到到底底是是指指什什么么
5、。结合合前前句句，不不难看看出出that是是回回指指the platform的的，故故正正确确选项是是B。1. The underlined word “that” refers to “_”.A. hearing lossB. using a special microphoneC. lip-readingD. attending a course on lip reading 即学即用即学即用解解析析：C。结合合that所所在在句句的的句句意意及及上上下下文文意意义的的衔接，可知接，可知that是回指是回指lip-reading。2. Some friendships dont last long because _. A. there are too many people who want to make friends B. some people receive friendship but dont give friendship back C. those who give others friendship receive friendship from others
6、 D. they dont know friendship is something serious 解析：解析：B。 因因That is why中中that是回指前面一是回指前面一句的内容，故句的内容，故选B。3. What does the underlined word “it” in refer to? A. The beach. B. The water. C. The boat. D. The wind.解解析析：D。 本本题要要求求考考生生弄弄清清it是是回回指指文文中中的的什什么么内内容容，从从上上文文中中a beach umbrella tied to the boat caught the wind and pulled the boat into open water可可知知，it指指的的是是the wind，所所以以答案是答案是D。4. The author has discovered that people will feel happy when _.A. they offer their help B. they receive others helpC
7、. they feel others kindness D. they show their weakness解解析析：A。解解答答本本题的的关关键是是理理解解此此段段最最后后一一句句中中的的代代词it到到底底是是指指什什么么。结合合上上文文可可知知，它它就就是是回回指指的的是是前前文文中中的的“hold doors for me, pour cream into my coffee, or help me to put on my coat”，人人们的的这些些行行为概概括括地地说，就就是是offer their help，故故正确正确选项是是A。5. Some cats and dogs may fight when _.A. they are cold to each otherB. they look away from each otherC. they misunderstood each others signals D. they are introduced at an early age解解析析：C。 解解答答此此题的的关关键是是理理解解One reason for this is probably that some of their body signals were just opposite中中的的代代词this到到底底是是指指什什么么。根根据据行行文文逻辑，可可知知this是是回回指指 (between the cat and dog) fighting，即即“猫猫狗狗打打架架”的的一一个个原原因因是是它它们的的“肢肢体体讯号号是是相相反反的的”，讯号号相相反反就就容容易易误解解，当当双双方方误解解了了对方方的的肢肢体体讯号号时就会打架。故正确就会打架。故正确选项是是C。Thank you!名师名师指津指津
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