1、虚拟城市设计基于城市形象的理论【外文翻译】本科毕业设计 ( 论文)外文翻译原文:Virtual City Design Based on Urban Image TheoryThis paper aims to evaluate what effect applying residents urban image to virtual city design (a real time virtual model of an actual city) .Two experiments were conducted to compare two virtual city designs using the virtual model of Tel Aviv city. One design included highlighted urban elements from the residents urban image, while in the second design no highlighted elements were included. The experiments pr
2、oved that using the elements of the residents urban image in a virtual city design enhances the performance of all participants in the way finding tasks, and especially those with a low level of spatial knowledge. Analysis of the trajectory patterns and the verbal reports of the participants during navigation showed that the urban image design facilitates a more intensive use of a position-based strategy, in addition to the path-integration way finding strategy, which was found to be dominant in
3、 the virtual model without the highlighted urban image elements. On the basis of these findings we propose principles for designing virtual cities from a perspective of wayfinding. ABSTRACT FROM AUTHORCopyright of Cartographic Journal is the property of Maney Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holders express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstr
4、act may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)Virtual Tel Aviv offers the user a real-time ,yi ng basednavigation mode overTel Aviv city, an area of about 50 square km. The model was built in the Environmental Simulation Laboratory at Tel Aviv University with Skyline 4.5 software. Using this software, we interpolated a DTMPoint layer (in a r
5、esolution of 50m) of Tel Aviv into a raster layer of the city s altitudes. Then we added an orthophoto of Tel Aviv (in a resolution of 25cm), andusing these altitudes, we established a 3D visualization of the city terrain. Afterwards (in experiment 2) we added GIS layers of the Tel Aviv urban image objects (paths, landmarks, nodes, edges and districts) as shown in Figure 1. These objects were highlighted by colour (different colours for linear and non-linear objects) and labels (as text next to
6、the object).In order to construct the urban image of Tel Aviv, 32 residents of the city were askedto draw a map of Tel Aviv and to draw the dominant. We decided to limit theelements in it (no more than 15 elements) number of the elements to15 so that only the most image able elements would emerge, as well as to create a common understanding of the assignment for all participants. We then gathered the data from the individual sketch maps into one aggregate map representing the residents urbanimag
7、e of Tel Aviv. In order to create a representative urban image, only those elements that appeared in more than two sketch maps were included in this aggregate map.Twenty-four participants (15 male and 9 female), 26 to 58 years of age, took part in the experiments. None of these participants had taken part in drawing the sketch maps from which we evaluated the urban image for use in the experiments. All participants declared they knew the city of Tel Aviv well . To make sure they were familiar wi
8、th the city, a list of nine well-known locations in Tel Aviv was read to them, and they were asked whether they knew their exact locations.Two experiments were conducted by dividing the participants into two groups of 12. In experiment 1, the design of the virtual model did not include any highlighted landmarks, while in experiment 2 the design of the virtual model included highlighted urban elements from the residents urban image. (In this experiment we added theres Finally, further attention s
9、hould be paid to imagery as represented by different groups, allowing due consideration of the wider picure of the appropriateness of major cultural events as are imaging strategy for contemporary cities with arrange of social and cultural justice issues.idents urban image as a GIS layer.) The participantsof both experiments had to complete the following steps:Each subject was provided with an A4 sheet of paper, on which the municipalborders of Tel Aviv were asked. In order to give the respondents reference points, we also marked two very familiar landmarks along the coastline of Tel Aviv the newTel Aviv port and the old Jeff aport. The main national highway (Ayalon Highway) was also marked (Figure 2).All participants were given the same instruction: Please mark eachof the abovesites on themap, as accurately as you can. The nine sites werethose which were readto them at the beginning of the experiment, an
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