高考作文之结构-记叙文

1、高考作文之结构记叙文记叙文是英语作文中最常用、最基本的一种文体。也是高考英语书面表达中常考的文体。它以记叙和描写为主要手段，通过写人、记事、写景来表达作者思想或感情。常见的高考记叙文包括故事、人物介绍、游记、新闻报道等。常考题多以看图作文或根据故事情节写作文的形式出现。记叙文的写作要点1. 六要素：要交待清楚记叙文“六要素”，即时间、地点、人物、事件起因、经过、结果（when，where，who，why，what，how）。2. 叙述方式：事情的叙述通常有四种手法：顺叙、倒叙、插叙和夹叙夹议。最常用的是顺叙。3. 时态：时态通常使用与过去有关的时态，如一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时和过去将来时。4. 人称：通常用第一人称或第三人称写作，第一人称主要写自己的经历，可增强文章的真实感和感染力；第三人称主要写他人的经历或事迹。高考记叙文的篇章结构开头 the beginning交待必要的背景。如：时间、地点、人物等。中间 the middle交待故事情节（事情的主体）。如：事件的发生、发展和前因后果。结尾 the ending事情的结果或感想、愿望等范例一 记事2008天津卷 假设200

2、8年2月12日是你父亲的生日，下面三幅图描绘的是你给父亲买完礼物后乘坐地铁回家时经历的一件事。请根据图示，用英语写一篇日记记叙这件事，并谈谈自己的感受。注意： 1. 词数不少于100；2. 可适当加入细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：地铁（列车）- subway trainFebruary 12th, 2008 One possible version:Februay 12 th, 2008 The day is my Dads birthday. This afternoon I went to the shopping center downtown, and bought a present for him. Then I took the subway train home. Sitting on the train, I thought my dad would be very happy when he saw the present. At the next station, an old lady with two heavy bags got on the train a

3、nd stood in front of me. She looked tired. I hesitated for a moment, and then offered my seat to her. The old lady thanked me a lot and sat down. Seeing her smile, I felt happy. I will always be ready to help others in the future. 记叙文之人物介绍人物介绍属于记叙文的写作范畴，写作时要围绕人物组织材料。所写短文中应包括人物、时间、地点、主要事件（who，when， where ，what）等内容。人物介绍的写作要点写作时，要做到主题鲜明，内容清楚，并注意结构的完整性。1. 仔细审题，明确写作目的和中心思想，每段都应始终围绕主题展开叙述。 2. 合理判断使用哪种人称，句子时态要在上下文中有相关性、连续性，要与表达内容一致。3. 合理安排短文的结构层次，组织好所提示内容表达的先后顺序，并用英语思维，整理写作要点。4. 审题后要先列出简明扼要的提纲，其次写出草稿，经

4、过修改之后，再正式成文。人物介绍的篇章结构名人篇姓名、童年及出生地 家庭及教育背景 成就 评价路人篇姓名、身份及外貌特征 要点提示中的人物特点 评价 范例二 写人马克吐温是美国著名作家。请根据下面提供的内容写一篇人物简介。马克吐温（18351910）生于美国Missouri。他是美国19世纪著名的作家之一。他的家乡位于密西西比河畔。成年后，他曾在密西西比河的船上当水手。马克吐温是他的笔名。他写过很多小说，其中最著名的是汤姆索耶历险记（Tom Sawyer）。他的作品被译成多国文字，深受世界读者喜爱。 词数：100-120。One possible version:Mark Twain(18351910), one of the best known American writers in the nineteenth century, was born in Missouri in the middle part of the United States.Mark Twains hometown lay on the banks of the Mississippi River, wh

5、ere he spent his childhood. When he grew up he worked as a sailor on a riverboat for some time. Mark Twain was his pen name.Mark Twain wrote a lot of novels, one of which is The Adventure of Tom Sawyer, the masterpiece which brought him fame and honor. Some of his writings have been translated into many languages. He and his works are deeply loved by readers throughout the world.附录-人物简介英语写作常用的词组及句子：1. Birthday and birth place:was / were born in onwas / were born in / into a poor / rich familyeg.

6、 He was born in Poland on Nov.13, 1987.2. Family backgroundHis / her family was so poor thathis / her father was very strict with himBorn in a poor family, he had to.When he was a small boy, he showed a great interest in.when he was a small boy / youngas a child / as a boy of 15during his / her childhoodspend his childhood inlive a happy / hard lifeeg. Abraham Lincoln, the son of a poor family, was born in Kentucky on February 12, 1809.Born of a poor clerks family, Charles Dickens had little sch

7、ooling.3. Education backgroundbe admitted to collegegraduate fromdepartment of universitywhen at college, he majored inreceive a doctors degreego abroad for further studiesThanks to the help of ., he was able to continue his education.Between . and ., he studied at.From . to ., he first worked as ., and then he became.4. Big events in ones lifebe interested in / be fond ofwork hard atserve asdevote his lifetime / himself toconcentrate himself todo research about / intomade great contributions to

8、make up ones mind to do sth.do sth with great determination and perseverancebe strict in sth.have a way of doing sthtry ones best to do sth.encourage sb to dofight for, give up ones life for sb / sthwin a prize / the first prize in competitionreceive / obtain / win the Nobel Prize forbe good at do well inbe crazy about enjoy make rapid progress in set a new world record of equal the world recordwin(won) a gold / silver / bronze medalbe awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for her scientific achievements.be selected to / become a member ofstudy hard train hardgo through hardshipovercome many difficultieshave a gift / talent for language, etc5. Evaluationone of the best / most important set a good example fora model teacher / workerbe respected by everyonePeople speak / think highly ofbe honored as (an excellent athlete)his hard work brought him great successhe is the pride of China.His heroic story spread

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