1、学习必备欢迎下载语语从句难题讲解同学们在定语从句的复习中应该注意以下要点：(一)关系代词that和which使用时应注意的几点1 .在下列情况下只用that ,不用which 先行词是 all, everything, nothing, anything, little, much, the one等不定代词时There is nothing ( that ) I can do.I mean the one that was brought yesterday. 先行词被 all, any, every, no, some, little, much等词修饰时I have read all the books (that) you gave me.You may take home any of these books that you like.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时This is the first composition (that)he has written in English.This is the best novel (that) I have ever
2、read.先行词被the only, the very( 正是，恰是)，the same, the last 修饰时The white flower is the only one (that) I really like.This is the very book (that) I want to find.The last place( that) we visited was the hospital.This is the same watch that I lost yesterday.当先行词有两个或两个以上时，既有人又有物，定语从句用that引导(that既可指人也可指物)He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited.2 .下列情况不能使用that,而用whichthat不能引导非限制性定语从句学习必备欢迎下载Football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world.that不能置于介词之后(介词后指物用whi
3、ch,指人用whomThe person to whom I am speaking just now is our English teacher.The prize for which he worked so hard was a new bicycle.(二)as做关系代词的用法1 .关系代词常出现在 the sameas, such as, so as, as as 等结构中 This is not such a book as I expected.I live in the same building as he (lives in).Here is so big a stone as no man can lift.As many children as came here were my fathers pupils. the same - that 和 the same as的区另I have bought the same watch as you have.我买了一块和你一样的手表。(我的手表和你的手表很像，但不是同一块。) This is the same w
4、atch that I lost.这就是我丢的那块手表。(这手表和我丢的手表是同一块)2 . as引导非限制性定语从句，指代逗号前的整个句子(即先行词)，可置于 句首或句末。This elephant is like a snake, as anybody can see.Mary was late for school, as often happened.As is known to all, the earth is round. as指代一句话和which指代一句话的用法区别as的这种用法通常出现在一些固定短语之中如：如上所述 as has been said before . 1学习必备欢迎下载2 . as may be imagined 正如可以想象出来的那样3 . as is well known众所周知4 . as was expected 正如预料的那样5 . as has been already pointed out正如已经指出的那样6 . as we all can see正如我们者B会看至U的那样which则不需要，例如：The man died last
5、night, which is a lie.as替代一句话即可放句首也可放句末，而 which只能放旬末。（三）定语从句中的主谓一致引导词在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词人称和数要根据引导词所指内容而 定。例如：1. Here are such sentences as are often used by the students. （ as 指代 sentences , 谓语动词用 are）。2. I, who am a Party member, should work hard for our country.（ who 指代I,谓语用am.）。3. He was one of the students who were praised for it. （ who指代 thestudents）他是被表扬的学生之一。4. He was the only one of the students who was praised for it. （ who指the only one） 他是唯一被表扬的学生。（四）易与定语从句混淆的其他复合句1 .定语从句与同位语从句定语从句与前面的名词是
6、修饰与被修饰的关系oo的（名词）而同位语从 句是用来说明前面名词的内容。与that从句同位的名词必须是一些表事实或概 念的抽象名词，如fact, news, belief, truth, reply等。that在定语从句中作成分，可用which或who/whom代替；而that在同位语从句中不充当任何句 子成分，只起连接作用。试比较： We all have heard the news that our team won.（同位语从句,that）在从句中不作任何成分that的内容，news从句表示学习必备欢迎下载 We dont believe the news that/which he told us yesterday.（定语从句，that作told 的宾语）2 .定语从句与状语从句。试比较： He left the key where he had been an hour before.（where 引导地点状语从句，相当于 in the place where） He left the place where he lived for many years.（where
7、引导定语从句，修饰the place） He is such a good teacher as all of us love and respect.（as引导定语从句） He is such a good teacher that we all like him.（that引导结果状语从句，such that“如此以致”3 .定语从句与主语从句。试比较： As is known to us all, paper was first made in China.（as引导定语从句，指代整个主句内容，可置于句首 ） It is known to us all that paper was first made in China.（it做形式主语，代替that引导的主语从句）4 .定语从句与强调结构。试比较： It is the house where I met the young man.（where 引导定语从句，修饰house, where在定语从句中作地点状语） It was in the house that I met the young man.（本句为强调结构，可还原为
8、 I met the young man in the house.）下面咱们一起来分析几道定语从句的难题。例 1. It is the young man looked for caught themurderer.学习必备欢迎下载A. that who B. that -they C . they -that D they which 分析：答案是。本题考查了定语从句和强调句式。强调句式的结构是“It is +强调部分+ that/who.”。they looked for前省略了关系代词that,因为先行词the young man在从句中做looked for的宾语。强调句为It is the young man who/that caught the murderer. 本句意思是 “是刃B个他4寻找 的年轻人抓住了杀人犯”。例 2. Is this factory we visited last year?A. where B in which C the one D at which分析：做这题首先要明白一个概念。被定语从句修饰的名词前一般都有the,因为它已被限定。所以
9、此题还原成陈述句应该是this factory is wevisited last year. 而不是 this is factory we visited last year.知道这一点后做题容易了，不能选 A, B, D 。因为句子没有先行词。所以答案是 C。从句前省略了关系代词 that/which。题目如改为Is this the factorywe visited last year?空格处应该用 which 或 that 。例 3. The book, the cover is broken, is not mine.A. of it B for C whose D of which分析：答案是 D=先彳亍同the book 代入从句应该是the cover of the book is broken. 相当于 whose cover。例 4. This is Mr Smith,I think has something interesting to tell you.A who B whom C that D x分析：此题同学们容易错选B,认为先行词Mr. Smith做think的宾语。I think, you think, do you think等表明某人观点的短语是插入语。插入语的特点是去掉不影响句子表达。所以做题时遇到插入语，先去掉，This is Mr.Smith,has something interesting to tell you。很容易得到答案 A.例 5. Who has seen the TV film doesnt admire it?
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