1、考研英语（阅读） - 试卷 61（总分： 70.00 ，做题时间： 90分钟 ）一、 Reading Comprehension（总题数： 7 ，分数：70.00）1. Section II Reading Comprehension （分数：10.00 ）解析：2. Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (分数： 10.00 )解析：As people in rich countries know very well, eating too much food and burning too few calories is why a substantial number of us are overweight or obese. Now, however, a remarkable change in perspective has come from the discovery that obe
2、sity actually provides people with temporary protection from the harmful effects of fat. The insight has come from re-examining the common assumption that fatness itself drives the development of metabolic syndrome, which is what causes so much of the actual damage. The syndrome comes with a mixture of life-threatening effects, with cardiovascular disease (diseases relating to the heart and blood vessels) and type 2 diabetes being among the most serious. In fact, it now seems that body fat may b
3、e a barrier that stops millions of Americans and fatty citizens elsewhere from going on to develop the syndrome. And the real damage is caused by the inflammatory effect of high levels of fat in the bloodstream.And ironically, its fat cells that protect us from this by serving as toxic dumps, locking away the real villains of the modern diet. The problem is that this protection only lasts so long, until there is simply no more room inside the fat cells. Thats when they start to break down, leadi
4、ng to a toxic spill into the bloodstream. This sets off an inflammatory response that causes various kinds of damage to body tissues. In this way, every excess calorie takes people closer to metabolic syndrome. So what can we do to stop a superabundance of fat triggering the syndrome? Of course theres no substitute for a healthy diet and exercise, but incitation to this effect seem to be of limited use. As with cigarettes and alcohol, a tax on calories pricing foods by（分数:their energy content is
5、 increasingly seen as another lever to change behaviour by making obesity too costly. The new research may even suggest treatments to combat metabolic syndrome, such as antiinflammatory drugs. One promising candidate is salsalate, an arthritis drug related to aspirin, and the Joslin Diabetes Center in Boston is now considering large-scale trials. What might be more helpful, though, is simply a wider recognition that fatty and sugary foods are more directly toxic than we had assumed. Ideally, peo
6、ple should be as well informed about the harmful effects of what they eat as, for example, pregnant women are about drinking and smoking. There is a consolation you have your fat tissue to protect you when you consume that extra burger or sweetened soda. But now you know the perils of pushing your friendly fat cells beyond their natural limits. (分数： 10.00 )(1).Its implied in the first paragraph that the reasons for obesity include overeating and .2.00)A.lacking exercise VB.absorbing fatsC.keepin
7、g unhealthy dietsD.burning calories解析：解析：事实细节题。文章在开篇( 第一句 ) 便指出：有如此多超重或肥胖的人群，是因为吃得太多而热量消耗得又太少，burning too few calories言外之意是缺乏运动，故选 A项。) 2.00 (分数： (2).From Paragraph 2 we know that the real villain of actual damages is .A.fat cellsB.metabolic syndrome VC.cardiovascular diseaseD.bloodstream fats解析：解析：事实细节题。根据actual damage 定位到第二段第一句的后半部分，不难发现which 指代的就是前面的metabolic syndrome ，所以选 B 项。 (3).The protective function of fat cells stop working once . (分数： 2.00 )A.their capacity reaches a limitVB.toxin spi
8、lls into the bloodstream C.an inflammatory response appears D.metabolic syndrome is developed解析：解析：事实细节题。由题干中 the protective function 和 fat cells 可定位至第三段第一句“当脂肪细胞的空 间不够时，这种保护就不能再维持下去” ， A 项是对原文的同义替换，故正确。(4) .The author indicates in the text that obesity can be restricted by. (分数： 2.00 )A.putting fats protective function to full use B.unifying peoples diet and exercise habits C.raising the prices of cigarettes and alcohol.manipulating food prices by their calorie contentV解析：解析：事实细节题。由题干“可以通过控制肥胖”
9、定位至第四段。通过对该段第三句的分析得知，可以根据 食物所含热量征税来调节致胖食品的消费，D项正确。(5) .To combat metabolic syndrome, the authors suggestion is to . (分数： 2.00 )A.develop more anti-inflammatory drugs B.ask people to keep away from fatty food C.strengthen the awareness of the harms of fatty foodVD.protect pregnant women from tobacco and wine解析：解析：事实细节题。第五段先提到对抗代谢综合征的新研究，接着作者在第六段中提出了自己的看法，即提高人们对脂性食品和含糖食品危害的意识，C项与之相符，为正确答案。Whats the difference between God and Larry Ellison? asks an old software industry joke. Answer: God doesn think hes Larry Ellison. The boss of Oracle is hardly alone among corporate chiefs in having a reputation for being rather keen on himself. Indeed, until the bubble burst and the public turned nasty at the start of the decade, the worship of the celebrity chief executive seemed todemand bossly narcissism, as evidence that a firm was being led by an all-conquering hero. Narcissus met a nast
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