1、2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案（25） Passage Twenty-seven (Analysis and Interpretation of the News) The newspaper must provide for the reader the facts, unalloyed, unslanted, objectively selected facts. But in these days of complex news it must provide more; it must supply interpretation, the meaning of the facts. This is the most important assignment confronting American journalismto make clear to the reader the problems of the day, to make international news as understandable as community news, to recognize
2、 that there is no longer any such thing (with the possible exception of such scribbling as society and club news) as “local” news, because any event in the international area has a local reaction in manpower draft, in economic strain, in terms, indeed, of our very way of life. There is in journalism a widespread view that when you embark on interpretation, you are entering choppy and dangerous waters, the swirling tides of opinion. This is nonsense. The opponents of interpretation insist that th
3、e writer and the editor shall confine himself to the “facts”. This insistence raises two questions: What are the facts? And: Are the bare facts enough? As to the first query. Consider how a so-called “factual” story cones about. The reporter collects, say, fifty facts; out of these fifty, his space allotment being necessarily restricted, he selects the ten, which he considers most important. This is Judgment Number One. Then he or his editor decides which of these ten facts shall constitute the
4、lead of the piece (This is important decision because many readers do not proceed beyond the first paragraph.) This is Judgment Number Two. Then the night editor determines whether the article shall be presented on page one, where it has a large impact, or on page twenty-four, where it has little. Judgment Number Three. Thus, in the presentation of a so-called “factual” or “objective” story, at least three judgments are involved. And they are judgments not at all unlike those involved in interpr
5、etation, in which reporter and editor, calling upon their general background, and their “news neutralism,” arrive at a conclusion as to the significance of the news. The two areas of judgment, presentation of the news and its interpretation, are both objective rather then subjective processesas objective, that is, as any human being can be. (Note in passing: even though complete objectivity can never be achieved, nevertheless the ideal must always be the beacon on the murky news channels.) Of an
6、 editor is intent on slanting the news, he can do it in other ways and more effectively than by interpretation. He can do it by the selection of those facts that prop up his particular plea. Or he can do it by the pay he gives a storypromoting it to page one or demoting it to page thirty.1. The title that best expresses the ideas of this passage is A. Interpreting the News. . Choosing Facts.C. Subjective versus Objective Processes. D. Everything Counts.2. Why does the writer of an article select
7、 ten out of 50 available facts?A. Space is limited. . His editor is prejudiced.C. The subject is not important. D. He is entering choppy and dangerous.3. What is the least effective way of “slanting” news/A. Interpretation. . His editor is prejudiced.C. Placement. D. Concentration.4. Why should the lead sentence present the most important fact?A. It will influence the reader to continue. It will be the best way to write.C. Some readers do not read beyond the first paragraph.D. It will gratify th
8、e editor.Vocabulary1. unalloyed 纯粹的，没有杂物的2. unslanted 无偏见的，不歪曲的3. scribble 胡写，乱写；粗制滥造的文章4. manpower draft 人力征用，券集5. economic strain 经济紧张，压力6. embark on 开始，从事7. choppy 波浪滔滔的，变动频繁，紊乱8. query 疑问，质问9. come about 发生10. allotment 分配11. beacon 信标，灯塔，烽火12. murky 阴暗的，（雾等）浓的13. prop up 给撑腰，支持14. demote 使降级。相应词 promote15. news neutralism 无倾向性新闻，新闻中立主义16. lead （新闻等）导语，提要难句译注1. This is the most important assignment confronting American journalismto make clear to the reader the problems of the day, to make international news as understandable as community news, to recognize that there is no longer any such thing (with the possible exception of such scribbling as society and club news) as “local” news, because any event in the international area has a local reaction in manpower draft, in economic strain, in terms, indeed, of our very way of
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