陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句讲解与练习

1、_陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句讲解与练习一、陈述句陈述句就是叙述一件事情后者表达一种看法的句子。陈述句的分类陈述句可以分为肯定式和否定式两种。1. 肯定式第一种：主语 +谓语 +其他，如Lucy likes playing sports. I am singing.My father went to Beijing last week. She can ride the bike.第二种：主语 +系动词 +表语，如：This room is empty. We are good friends .2. 否定式陈述句的否定式有以下三种：第一种就是 Be 动词加，后面 not构成否定句。如： lisa is not a studentThere were not at school yesterday.第二种就是实义动词，而且没有情态动词或 助动时，要用“do/dose/did +not 构成否定。如： I don tlike music.The farmer did not want to feed the rabbit.第三种：谓语动词为“助动词、情态动词 +实义动词”时，要用“助动

2、词 / 情态动词 +not ” 构成否定。如： I am not going to play computer games.Harry must not go to school at night.We can not go hiking with you this weekend.二、疑问句分为四种： 一般疑问句、 特殊疑问句、 选择疑问句和反义疑问句。1.一般疑问句通常以be ,have ,助动词或情态动词开头，回答时用Yes, No,朗读时要用升调。2. 特殊疑问句是对句子某一部分的疑问句。特殊疑问句的句式是：特殊疑问词 +一般疑问句。疑问词有 who, whom ,whose , what, when, why , where ,how等。如： who is our classmate?What does Kate do on Sundays?Whose cat is it ? which bag will they buy? When did he go out ? Why dontwe go together?Where were you last night ? How

3、are you today?3. 选择疑问句的结构是提供两种或两种以上的情况， 供对方进行选择回答的句子。选择疑问句的句式是：一般疑问句 +or + 可选择部分。如： are the apples red or green ?选择疑问句的特殊疑问句式是：特殊疑问句 +or+ 可选择部分。如： which girl is taller ,Sally or Jessica?精品资料_选择疑问句的回答和特殊疑问句一样， 不能用 yes 或 no ，要根据实际情况回答。朗读时，选择疑问句在 or 前面的部分要用升调，句末要读降调。4.反义疑问句的句式有两种，一种是：肯定句陈述句 +否定结构的反意疑问句是在陈述句的后面，对陈述句所说的实施或看法提出疑问的句子。附加疑问句。如：you know him ,dontyou ?另一种是：否定陈述句 +肯定结构的附加疑问句。如：Sandy can tspeaking English ,can he?反义疑问句也要用 yes 或 No来回答。如果陈述句部分的内容是事实，就用 yes 回答，后面相应的用肯定结构； 如果陈述句部分的内容不是事实， 就用no 来

4、回答，后面跟否定结构。在翻译时要注意yes 和 no 的意思。如： you know him ,don tyou? Yes ,I do . (是，我认识。 ) No ， I don t( 不，我不认识 )Sandy cantspeak English ,can he ? Yes ,he can . (不，他会。 ) No ，he can t.( 是的，他不会。 )在朗读时，陈述句部分用降调，附加疑问可以升也可以降。三、祈使句1. 什么是祈使句用来表示请示、命令、劝告、建议等的句子叫做祈使句。 如：Sit down, please.Be careful!2. 祈使句的分类根据用途和功能，祈使句可以分为以下几类表请求。如： Close the window , please. 表命令。如 Stop talking!表提醒或警告。如： Look out !The car is coming. 表邀请。如： Help yourself to some fish.表示禁止。如： Dontspit ! No parking!四、感叹句的结构小学阶段的感叹句主要有how 和 what 引导两种。1.

5、How 感叹句的结构： how +形容词 / 副词 +主语 +谓语，如：hownice the boots are!2.what感叹句的结构： What +a/an +形容词 +可数名词单数 +主语 +谓语，如：what a pretty girl she is ! 但是如果是可数名词复数或不可数名词，就可以去掉句中的 a/an.如： What expensive pens these are ! What pleasant weather it is!巩固练习基础题()1. Where is the man?A. Under the treeB. At 10:00C. Read a bookD. Mymother()2. How do you go to school?精品资料_A. At 8:00B. IC. TodayD. By bike()3. Whathe?A. WorkingB. His fatherC. At homeD. Ateacher.()4. What time do you get up every day?A. At homeB. HeC. Clean my

6、bedroomD. At 7:00()5. What _ she do this morning?A. isB. doesC. doD. did()6. How _ you do?A. areB. isC. doD. did()7. Which is better, the red one _ the blue one?A. andB. orC. butD. so()8. _ are you?Wonderful!A. HowB. WhatC. WhoD. Where()9. _ is it today?Its Monday.A. What dateB. What dayC. What timeD. Whatlanguage()10. _ shall we go?In the moring.A. WhenB. WhoC. WhereD. How精品资料_()11. Excuse me ,can you tell me _ to get to the No. 1 MiddleSchool?A. whereB. whichC. whyD. how()12._ got the 100th go

7、ld metal in the Olympics for China?- Zhang Yining .A. WhoB. WhatC. WhenD. Where()13_ are you talking about?We are talking about the Asia Games in Guangzhou.A. WhatB. WhereC. WhyD. How()14._ do you visit your uncle?- once a week.A. How longB. How manyC. How oftenD. How soon() 15. Excuse me! _ is the nearest bookshop?Go down the street and turn left at the second corner?A. howB. whatC. whereD. who() 16. _ is a ticker for the film Hacker He?About forty yuan .A. How oldB. How manyC. How muchD. How often() 17._ are you going? I m going to the library.A. WhoB. WhichC. WhatD. Where()1 8. _? Its eight.A. What day is itB. Whats five and three精品资料_

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