2022年考博英语-通用考博英语考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）套卷46

1、2022年考博英语-通用考博英语考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题（Presumably），there is a good reason for her absence, as she does not usually stay away from work.问题1选项A.MaybeB.SurprisinglyC.ThereforeD.Yet【答案】A【解析】考查副词辨析。A选项Maybe“可能”；B选项Surprisingly“出乎意料地”；C选项Therefore“因此”；D选项Yet“但是”。句意：她缺席大概有充分的理由，因为她通常不会不上班的。划线部分Presumably是大概的意思。因此A选项正确。2. 单选题Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.问题1选项A.It has remained basically the same.B.It has become better understood.C.It has been exaggerated.D.It has decr

2、eased.问题2选项A.It is now the second leading cause of death for centenarians.B.It develops more easily in centenarians who are not active.C.It calls for more intensive research.D.It has had no effective cure so far.问题3选项A.They cherish their life more than ever.B.Their minds fail before their bodies do.C.Their quality of life deteriorates rapidly.D.They care more about their physical health.【答案】第1题:D第2题:A第3题:B【解析】Passage Two13 In recent years, the death rate among American centenarianspeople who hav

3、e lived to age 100 or olderhas decreased, dropping 14 percent for women and 20 percent for men from 2008 to 2014. The leading causes of death in this age group are also changing.In 2000, the top five causes of death for centenarians were heart disease, stroke, flu, cancer and Alzheimers disease. But by 2014, the death rate from Alzheimers disease for this age group had more than doubledincreasing from 3.8 percent to 8.5 percent14 making the progressive brain disease the second leading cause of d

4、eath for centenarians.One reason for the rise in deaths from Alzheimers disease in this group may be that developing this condition remains possible even after people beat the odds of dying from other diseases such as cancer. People who are physically fit enough to survive over 100 years ultimately give in to diseases, such as Alzheimers, which affects the mind and cognitive function. In other words, 15 it appears their minds give out before their bodies do.On the other hand, the death rate from

5、 flu dropped from 7.4 percent in 2000 to 4.1 percent in 2014. That pushed flu from the third leading cause of death to the fifth.Overall, the total number of centenarians is going up. In 2014, there were 72,197 centenarians, compared to 50,281 in 2000. But because this population is getting larger, the number of deaths in this group is also increasing18,434 centenarians died in 2000, whereas 25,914 died in 2014.13. What does the speaker say about the risk of dying for American centenarians in re

6、cent years?【试题答案】D【试题解析】题目问关于近年来美国百岁老人死亡的风险，说话人说了什么？录音第一句话便讲到，近年来，美国百岁老人的死亡率有所下降。D选项“它有所降低”与录音原文表述一致，因此正确。A选项“它基本上保持不变”；B选项“人们对它有了更好的认识”和C选项“它被夸大了”在录音中均没有信息提及，因此排除。14. What does the speaker say about Alzheimers disease?【试题答案】A【试题解析】题目问关于阿尔茨海默氏症，说话者说了什么？录音提到，在2000年，百岁老人五大死亡原因其中之一就包括了阿尔茨海默病。到2014年，这种渐进的、慢性的大脑疾病已成为百岁老人的第二大死亡原因。A选项“它现在是百岁老人的第二大死亡原因”与原文表述相符，因此正确。B选项“它在不活跃的百岁老人中更容易发生”；C选项“它需要更加深入的研究”和D选项“迄今为止没有有效的治疗方法”在录音中均没有信息提及，因此排除。15. What is characteristic of people who live up to 100 years and b

7、eyond?【试题答案】B【试题解析】题目问活到100岁以上的人有什么特点? 录音中提到，身体足够健康、能活到一百岁以上的老人最终也会屈服于像阿尔茨海默氏症这类影响心理和认知功能的疾病，换句话说，这些老人的大脑会比他们的身体更脆弱。B选项中的fail是对录音原文中give out的同义替换，因此B选项“他们的大脑比他们的身体要先衰退”正确。A选项“他们比以往更珍惜生活”；C选项“他们的生活质量迅速恶化”和D选项“他们更关心身体健 康”在录音中均没有信息提及，因此排除。3. 单选题As is known to all, （ ）commodities will definitely do harm to our life sooner or later.问题1选项A.counterfeitB.fakeC.imitativeD.fraudulent【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。counterfeit “假冒的，伪造的”， 强调“出于非法意图而假冒伪造”；fake “假的”，目的不一定是为了骗人，比如冒牌或代用品；imitative “模仿的”；fraudulent “欺骗性的”。句意：众

8、所周知，假冒商品迟早会伤害我们的生命。选项A符合题意。4. 单选题The poor old man was（ ）with diabetes and without proper treatment he would lose his eyesight and become crippled very soon.问题1选项A.sufferedB.afflictedC.inducedD.infected【答案】B【解析】考查动词词组固定搭配。be afflicted with “受折磨”。句意：这位贫穷的老人受着糖尿病的折磨，如果没有合理的治疗，他很快会失去视力并且残疾。选项B符合题意。5. 单选题Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.问题1选项A.They tend to be silenced into submission.B.They find it hard to defend themselves.C.They will feel proud of being pioneers.D.T

9、hey will feel somewhat encouraged.问题2选项A.One who advocates violence in effecting change.B.One who craves for relentless transformations.C.One who acts in the interests of the oppressed.D.One who rebels against the existing social order.问题3选项A.They tried to effect social change by force.B.They disrupted the nations social stability.C.They served as a driving force for progress.D.They did more harm than good to humanity.【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:C【解析】Recording OneWhat is a radical? It seems today that people are terrified of the term, particularly of having the label attached to them. 16 Accusing individuals or groups of bein

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