初中英语人教新目标八年级下册Unit 8 Grammar写作指导（知识点+练习题）

1、八年级英语下册 Unit 8 Grammar写作指导一、知识点【语法】现在完成时（一）现在完成时表示:(1)过去发生或已经完成的动作或存在的状态对现在造成的影响或结果（即它的“完成用法”）Eg : We have just cleaned the classroom.我们刚刚已经打扫过房间。(2)过去已经开始，一直持续到现在的动作或状态(即它的“未完成用法”)。注意：此时动词可能还要继续（二）常与for或since引导的时间状语（从句）连用。用how long提问，谓语动词用延续性动词for+ 时间段Eg: I have lived here for about ten years.我已经住在这大约十年了。since + 时间点Eg: We have been very busy since 5 years ago.我们从五年前就一直很忙。since + 从句(一般过去时)Eg: I have learnt English since I was 5 years old.我从五岁学英语。（三）短暂性动词变延续性动词，短暂性动词不能与表示一段时间状语连用begin(start)-be o

2、n go there-be there come back-be back come here-be here open-be open close-be closed die-be dead marry-be married finish-be over go to bed - be in bedleave-be away return-be back get out-be out fall asleep-be asleep lose-be lostfall ill-be ill borrow-keep put on-wear/be on become-be get to know-knowbuy-have(own) receive-have catch a cold-have a cold go to sleep-sleepEg: He has bought the computer for two years.(误)- He has had the computer for two years.他已经买这台电脑两年了。（四） 现在完成时的结构是“have/has+过去分词”。过去

3、分词的变化分规则与不规则两种。规则变化与过去式相同，不规则变化需另记。它的否定句是在have/has 后加not ，变一般疑问句是把have/has提前。Eg: I have bought a computer. 我已经买个一台电脑。- I have not bought a computer. 我没有买电脑。- Have you bought a computer? 你已经买电脑了吗？（五）现在完成时的时间状语通常为already, just, yet, ever, never, before等。【积累】1.Would like sth.= want sth. 想要某物Would like to do sth.= want to do sth. 想要做某事注意：其中would为情态动词，变为疑问句时需将其提前Eg: I would like some apples.我想要一些苹果。I would like to learn to play the piano.我想要学习弹钢琴。Would you like to learn to play the piano?2.Something

4、to eat 吃的东西此处to eat为动词不定式作后置定语Eg: Something to drink 喝的东西Something to do 做的事3.Not yet 还没有4.See the film = go to the movies 看电影Eg: Lets go the the movies tonight. 让我们今晚去看电影吧。5.Plan (名词) “计划” make a plan 制定计划(动词) “计划” plan to do sth.计划做某事Eg: You should make a plan before you do something.你在做事之前应该制定个计划。We plan to visit Beijing next week.我们计划下周参观北京。6.Love to do sth./ love doing sth 爱做某事Eg: Sally loves reading. 莎莉爱读书。7.More than = over 超过；多余Eg: I have read more than 100 books this year. 我今年已经读了100多本书

5、。8.Favourite (名词) “特别喜欢的人（或物）；亲信；心腹”Favourite (形容词) “最喜欢的；特别喜爱的” 其后常接名词Eg: Little Womenis my favourite book. 小妇人是我最喜欢的书。9.Be interested in doing sth.= be interested to do sth. 对做某事感兴趣Eg: The girl is interesting in reading books.= The girl is interested to read books.这个女孩对读书感兴趣。注意：interesting (形容词) “令人感兴趣的” 常常用来修饰物Interested (形容词) “感兴趣的” 常常用来修饰人Interest (名词) “兴趣”10.What + be动词 + 主语 + like? “.怎么样”Eg: What will the world be like in 50 years?50年后世界什么样？11.In 50 years 50年后In + 时间段 表示“多久之后” 常常用于将来时中，就其

6、提问用how soon开头Eg: - How soon will you come back? 你多久后回来？- In two days. 两天后。12.Every time 每次Eg: Every time she is in the library, she is very happy.每次她在图书馆，她都很开心。13.Cant wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事Eg: I cant wait to meet you.我迫不及待见到你。14.A bit + 形容词 “有点.”A bit of + 不可数名词 “有点.”Eg: The movie is a bit interesting.这部电影有点有趣。There is a bit of water in the bottle.瓶子里有一点水。【写作】本单元写作主题为讨论“文学及音乐”范文指导：假设你校读书俱乐部正在举办“世界文学名著欣赏”系列活动，这周阅读的名著是格列佛游记(Gullivers Travels)。请你根据下面提示写一篇短文。提示：1.这部小说由英国作家乔纳森.斯威夫特(Jonathan Swift)

7、创作2.书中讲述了医生格列佛四次出海航行冒险的经历3.你读完这部小说后的感受要求：1.语言流畅、语法正确2.必须包含所有提示内容，但可作适当发挥3.80词左右写作步骤：第一步：确定时态主要为一般现在时、一般过去时及现在完成时第二步：确定人称为第一人称及第三人称第三步：简要描述小说内容第四步：表述读后感受范文：This week I have read a book called Gullivers Travels.It was written by Jonathan Swift who was an English writer.It told a story about a doctor named Gulliver and his journey to four different countries.During his journey, he met some little people, some big people, some smart but useless people and some horses.I would like to be as brave as G

8、ulliver.The story is full of fun.If you read it, Im sure you will fall in love with it.二、练习题一、单项选择( )1.I _ Harry Pottermany times.A.watch B.have watched C.will watch D.was watching( )2.Sarah _ many places of interest in Beijing already.A.visited B.has visited C.will visit D.visits( )3.So far, she _ more than 200 books this year.A.was reading B.reads C.read D.has read( )4.My hometown _ a lot.It s more beautiful than before.A.has changed B.changed C.changes D.will change( )5.This movie is very interesting, I _ it for three times.A.watched B.have watched C.watch D.am watching( )6.Harry has _ fed the cat, but he hasnt watered the trees _.A.still; already B.already; yet C.yet; still D.yet; already( )7.- Did you _ the car last year?- No, I have _ it for five years.A.buy; bought B.buy; had C.had; bought D.buy; bought

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