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流体流动阻力的测定

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1、流体流动阻力的测定一、原始数据记录：表一原始数据记录l=3md 光滑 =28mmd 粗糙 =26.6d 局部 =32mm原始数据记录表光滑管粗糙管流量（L/S ）压差弯头水温流量压差阀门（ kPa)水温（kPa)(kPa)(L/S)（ kPa)0.120.30.1128.700.250.0230.90.240.450.4528.70.141.050.0430.70.310.560.5628.70.271.980.0630.60.430.80.828.80.43.4140.130.60.541.081.0828.80.494.550.1430.60.671.421.4228.90.66.260.1830.80.81.861.8628.90.78.170.2230.80.922.282.2828.90.8110.830.2730.81.052.852.85290.9213.690.3430.91.153.283.28291.119.220.4430.91.525.195.1929.31.3930.110.67311.917.687.6829.41.745.140.9731.12.310.

2、6410.6429.41.9156.41.1831.12.7414.4114.4129.62.275.171.5531.13.0817.6417.6429.72.584.371.9631.2表二物性数据表平均水29.05粘度 0.8180mPa密度为 995.7平均水温30.9 粘度 0.7840mPa温数据处理：表三光滑管数据计算表光滑管流量（L/S ）流速Re阻力摩擦系数（m/s)（J/kg)0.120.1956645.520.300.1480.240.39013291.030.450.0550.310.50417167.590.560.0410.430.69923813.100.800.0310.540.87729904.831.080.0260.671.08937104.141.430.02210.81.30044303.451.870.0210.921.49550948.962.290.0191.051.70658148.272.860.0181.151.86963686.203.290.0181.522.47084176.555.210.0161.913.1031057

3、74.487.710.0152.33.737127372.4110.690.0142.744.452151739.3014.470.0143.085.005170568.2617.720.013表四粗糙管数据计算表粗糙管流量（L/S ）流速（ m/s)Re阻力摩擦系（J/kg)数 0000.25100.140.2528515.091.0550.2940.270.48616421.961.9890.1490.40.72024328.833.4290.1170.490.88229802.814.5700.1040.61.08036493.246.2870.0960.71.26042575.448.2050.0920.811.45849265.8710.8770.0910.921.65655956.3013.7490.0891.11.98066904.2719.3030.0871.392.50384542.6730.2400.0861.73.061103397.545.3350.08611.913.439116170.156.6440.08542.23.961133808.575.495

4、0.08542.54.501152055.184.7340.0746局部阻力运算表：表五弯头阻力运算表弯头流量（ L/S ）流速阻力阻力系（m/s)（ J/kg)数0.120.1490.119.910.240.2990.4510.140.310.3860.567.560.430.5350.805.6220.540.6721.084.810.670.8331.434.110.80.9951.873.770.921.1452.293.501.051.3062.863.361.151.4313.293.221.521.8915.212.921.912.3767.712.732.32.86110.692.612.743.40914.472.493.083.83217.722.41平均阻力系数4.6101表六阀门阻力运算表阀门流量（ L/S ）流速阻力（ J/kg)阻力系（ m/s)数000.0200.140.1740.042.650.270.3360.061.070.40.4980.100.810.490.6100.140.760.60.7460.180.650.70.8710.220.5

5、80.811.0080.270.530.921.1450.340.521.11.3680.440.471.391.7290.670.451.72.1150.970.441.912.3761.190.422.22.7371.560.422.53.1101.970.41平均阻力系数 0.6782hff ( dup l. )uV计算示例：（ 1）u2ddS（ 2）水平直管下：Pf du,. l . u2dd 2P2d所以：lu 23（ 3）光滑管 : u0.1210 30.19503.14 ( 2810 3)22du0.0280.195010006674（ 4） Re0.818010 3P2d0.3 2281000-30.1479（ 5）2995.730.19502lu三、数据结果与分析：以 Re-在双对数坐标纸上绘图如下：图一 -Re 关系图图一为雷诺数 - 摩擦系数曲线，图形分析：雷诺数摩擦系数曲线中，小流量数目较少，故过渡区下降阶段点较少，阻力平方区内曲线较为理想。由计算得知，弯头局部阻力系数平均数为4.6101 ；闸阀局部阻力系数平均数为0.6782 ；四、讨论：1.进行测量前一定要把装置内的空气排干净，装置内的空气会对实验结果产生很大的影响。2流量为 0 时，要求压差读数为 0，若有读数，则应该减去初值。3在对压差传感器进行排气时，应该等待1 分钟左右，使得内部气体排放干净。4压差读数要从 0.02KPa 开始，因为小于此数值则为层流区。4

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