启发式教学在大学英语口语教学中的运用

1、 摘 要本文首先分析传统的灌输式教学的弊端，引出启发式教学并阐述其优点。通过资料收集，结合对本院非英语专业学生的口语教学调查，发现存在的问题，从教师、教材、学生、教学方法等方面进行叙述。针对这些问题，提出自己的想法和建议。最后介绍启发式教学原则和模式，提出教师应学会积极引导，发动学生思维积极性，促进互动，用精彩导入、巧妙设疑、精讲点评、扼要总结开展口语教学。希望本文对大学英语口语教学有所帮助。关键词：启发式教学；问题和解决方法；原则和模式ABSTRACTThis paper analyzes the disadvantages of traditional cramming teaching methods to elicit heuristic teaching and then introduces its advantages. The paper discusses the problems by consulting materials and conducting a survey on non-English majors in our university from t

2、he aspects of teacher, textbook, student and teaching approaches, suggesting some corresponding solutions. Finally the paper introduces some principles and models of heuristic teaching in the hope of offering some help to college oral English teachers by wonderful lead-in, witty suspense setting, to-the- point comments and brief summary to get students fully involved and make their minds well activated.Key words：heuristic teaching ; problems and solutions；principles and models Contents1Introduct

3、ion22. The social factors and background of heuristic teaching32.1 The disadvantages of traditional cramming teaching methodology32.2 The origin of heuristic teaching42.3 The superiorities of heuristic teaching63. Problems of current college students oral English73.1 The problems of college students oral English83.2 The survey of our university students94. Application of heuristic teaching in oral English teaching114.1 The solutions to the problems114.2The principles of heuristic teaching in ora

4、l English134.3 The main models of heuristic teaching145Conclusion16Acknowledgements17References181IntroductionEnglish which plays a very important role in Chinese education ，is regarded as a universal language in the world. Traditional cramming methodology has produced more and more containers and mugs which waited to be filled with information instead of students seeking knowledge by themselves .The side effect has become prevalent among students who can be manifested by learning without thinki

5、ng, thinking without suspecting and suspecting without questioning. Besides, the teaching method makes the students feel bored and loses their interests in learning easily .How to make teaching more interesting and attractive for the students is a relatively difficult problem .The education of liberal arts undertake the important task of improving the quality of the whole nation and has the function of enlightening the truth ,goodness and beauty .As a teacher, should we present the inexhaustible

6、 knowledge to the students or guide them in the way of creative thinking ? It was Confucius who put forward the importance of combining learning and thinking in the history of Chinese education. Numerous researches have been done on heuristic teaching at home and abroad, but not much done on spoken English teaching. My paper aims at doing some researches on heuristic teaching models and principles. What are problems existing in current spoken English teaching and what are possible solutions? By

7、consulting some theories and surveys, I hope that my paper will give a clear picture of what the present situation of college spoken English teaching is and what suppose to be better teaching approaches.2. The social factors and background of heuristic teachingHeuristic teaching originated from Socrates who initiated the teaching mode of “teachers ask, students answer”. A distinctive feature of this mode was that teachers, who were the decisive factor in the process of teaching and learning, who

8、 raised the questions at the very beginning and gave conclusions in the end. On the contrary, oriental style of heuristic teaching method based itself on the principle that students put forward their puzzles and then asked the teachers for advice .Nowadays, a new trend is that western educators regard Confucius as their icon .What attracts western educators most must be the humanism manifested in Confucius thinking and the spirit of Confucius heuristic method of teaching: that is student is the

9、main actor and creator. 16 According to Confucius, the teacher does not have to meddle into students affairs too much. Instead, he should give the students enough time to reflect by themselves. Confucius only enlightened his students when they were on the edge of knowing it, because he thought most teaching would be of little use if those who get it were not ready for it. 2.1 The disadvantages of traditional cramming teaching methodologyFirst, the classroom is missing “people.” “People” refer to the students and teachers. In other words, students dominant positions are totally deprived in the learning process, and teachers initiative is basically stifled in the teaching process. So, well often regard it as a common phenomenon: in class, we often take it for granted that the so-called knowledg

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