2022年考博英语-北京航空航天大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）套卷44

1、2022年考博英语-北京航空航天大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Government （ ） the use of seat belts in all cars.问题1选项A.prevailsB.provokesC.mediatesD.mandates【答案】D【解析】动词辨析。句意：政府（ ）在所有车中使用安全带。prevail胜过，获胜，生效，流行；provoke激起，挑衅；mediate调解，斡旋，居中；man-date 授权，托管，强制。D选项“强制”符合句意。2. 单选题They tossed your thoughts back and forth for over an hour, but still could not make（ ）of them.问题1选项A.impressionB.comprehensionC.meaningD.sense【答案】D【解析】固定搭配。句意：他们反复考虑了你的观点长达一个多小时，但是仍然不能（ ）它们。impression印象；comprehension理解；meaning意思；sense感觉；观念；道理；理智

2、。make sense of为固定搭配，意为 “理解”。3. 单选题When a disease of epidemic proportions rips into the populace, scientists immediately get to work, trying to locate the source of the affliction and find ways to combat it. Oftentimes, success is achieved, as medical science is able to isolate the parasite, germ or cell that causes the prob- lem and finds ways to effectively kill or contain it. In the most serious of cases, in which the en- tire population of a region or country may be at grave risk, it is deeme

3、d necessary to protect the entire population through vaccination, so as to safeguard lives and ensure that the disease will not spread.The process of vaccination allows the patients body to develop immunity to the virus or disease so that, if it is encountered, one can ward it off naturally. To accomplish this, a small weak or dead strain of the disease is actually injected into the patient in a controlled environment, so that his bodys immune system can learn to fight the invader properly. Info

4、rmation on how to penetrate the diseases defenses is transmitted to all elements of the patients immune system in a process that occurs natural- ly, in which genetic information is passed from cell to cell. This makes sure that, should the patient later come into contact with the real problem, his body is well equipped and trained to deal with it, having already done so before.There are dangers inherent in the process, however. On occasion, even the weakened version of the disease contained in t

5、he vaccine proves too much for the body to handle, resulting in the immune system succumbing, and, therefore, the patients death. Such is the case of the smallpox vaccine, designed to eradicate the smallpox epidemic that nearly wiped out the entire Native American popula- tion and killed massive numbers of settlers. Approximately 1 in 10,000 people who receives the vac- cine contract the smallpox disease from the vaccine itself and dies from it. Thus, if the entire popula- tion of the United Sta

6、tes were to receive the Smallpox Vaccine today, 30000 Americans would be left dead.Fortunately, the smallpox virus was considered eradicated in the early 1970s, ending the manda- tory vaccination of all babies in America. In the event of a reintroduction of the disease, however, mandatory vaccinations may resume, resulting in more unexpected deaths from vaccination. The process, which is truly a mixed blessing, may indeed hide some hidden curses.1.The best title for the text may be（ ）2.What does

7、 the example of the Smallpox Vaccine illustrate?3.The phrase “ward it off naturally” (Paragraph 2) most probably means（ ）4.Which of the following is true according to the text?5.The purpose of the author in writing this passage is（ ）问题1选项A.“Vaccinations: A Blessing or A Curse”B.“ Principles of Vaccinations”C.“Vaccines: Methods and Implications”D.“A Miracle Cure under Attack”问题2选项A.The possible negative outcome of administering vaccines.B.The practical use of a vaccine to control an epidemic dise

8、ase.C.The effectiveness of vaccines in eradicating certain disease.D.The method by which vaccines are employed against the disease.问题3选项A.dispose of it naturallyB.fight it off with easeC.see to it reluctantlyD.split up properly问题4选项A.Saving the majority would necessarily justify the death of the minority.B.The immune system can be trained to fight weaker versions of a disease.C.Mandatory vaccinations are indispensable to the survival of the populace.D.The process of vaccination remains a mystery

9、 to be further resolved.问题5选项A.to comment and criticizeB.to demonstrate and argueC.to interest and entertainD.to explain and inform【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:B第4题:B第5题:D【解析】1.主旨题。C选项“接种：方法和含义”概括全文大意。其他选项不够全面。2.细节题。文章中天花的举例是在第三段中出现的，第三、四段主要阐述使用疫苗可能带来的负面效果，而A选项“管理疫苗可能带来的负面后果”与文章相符。3.细节题。第二段讲述的是如果接种疫苗，身体可以自然对抗这种疾病，选项B（很轻松地与之对抗）正确。4.推理题。选项B（免疫系统能够被训练来抵抗较弱的疾病变体）符合原文中心思想。5.主旨题。本文是科普性文章。所以D项（为了解释和告知信息）正确。4. 单选题In general，matters which lie entirely within state borders are the（ ）concern of state gov-ernments.问题1选项A.extinctB.excludingC.excessiveD.exclusive【答案】D【解析】形容词辨析。句意:般来说，国家边境问题是政府 （ ）关心的问题。extinct灭绝的；excluding除外，不包括;excessive过度的，过分的;exclusive独有的，专一的。D项exclusive独有的，专一的符合句意，

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