高一英语知识点大全

1、高一英语知识点大全高一英语知识点：直接引语和间接引语 1. 直接引语在改为间接引语时，时态需要做相应的调整。eg: I broke your CD player. (一般过去时改成过去完成时)He told me he had broken my CD player.Jenny said, I have lost a book.(现在完成时改成过去完成时)Jenny said she had lost a book.(一般将来时改成过去将来时)过去完成时保留原有的时态He said, We hadnt finished our homework.He said they hadnt finished their homework.注意 直接引语是客观真理，过去进行时，时态不变。2. 在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语时第一人称或被第一人称所修饰，从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。如：Mary said, My brother is an engineer.Mary said her brother was and engineer.3. 直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句

2、或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句。如：He said, Can you run, MikeHe asked Mike whether/if he could run.4. 直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为tell(ask, order, beg等) * (not) to do sth.句型。如：Pass me the water, please.said he.He asked him to pass her the water.5. 直接引语如果是以Lets开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用suggest+动名词或从句的结构。如：She said, Lets go to the cinema.She suggested going to the cinema.或She suggested that they should go to the cinema.现在进行时表将来的动作现在进行时表将来的动作，谓语通常为瞬间动词。如：e, go, arrive, leave, start, return, stay, meet, get等。这些动词的进行时

3、后不能再接具体的时间。(1)用现在进行时表示将来，指的是近期的，按计划或安排要发生的动作。(2)现在进行时表示将来与表示正在进行的动作的区别在于：前者通常用瞬间动词(有时一些常用动词也可以这样用如：do)如：go, e, start, return, get, arrive等。而后者通常是持续性动词。He is reading a novel.他在看小说。The train is arriving soon.火车就要进站了。(3)用现在进行时表示将来的时间，在句中或上下文中通常有表示将来时间的状语。(4)现在进行时与一般现在时表示将来动作的区别在于：前者表示的将来的动作往往是可以改变的，而后者则是根据规定或时间表预计要发生的动作或事情，因此往往是不可改变或不可随便改变的。What are you doing next Friday下星期五你们打算干什么The plane takes off at 7：30 tonight.飞机今晚七点半起飞。高一英语知识点：助动词 一.概念:助动词是帮助主要动词构成各种时态,语态,语气以及否定或疑问结构的动词.助动词分为时态助动词和结构助动词两种.二.

4、相关知识点精讲:1. 助动词be的用法1) be +现在分词，构成进行时态。例如：They are having a meeting.他们正在开会。English is being more and more important. 英语现在越来越重要。2)be + 过去分词，构成被动语态。例如：The window was broken by Tom.窗户是汤姆打碎的。English is taught throughout the world.世界各地都教英语。3) be + 动词不定式，可表示下列内容：a. 表示最近、未来的计划或安排。例如：He is to go to New York next week.他下周要去纽约。We are to teach the freshmen.我们要教新生。说明： 这种用法也可以说成是一种将来时态表达法。b. 表示命令。例如：You are to explain this.对此你要做出解释。He is to e to the office this afternoon.要他今天下午来办公室。c.征求意见。例如：How am I to answe

5、r him我该怎样答复他Who is to go there谁该去那儿呢d. 表示相约、商定。例如：We are to meet at the school gate at seven tomorrow morning.我们明天早晨7点在校门口集合。2. 助动词have的用法1)have +过去分词，构成完成时态。例如：He has left for London.他已去了伦敦。2)have + been +现在分词，构成完成进行时。例如：I have been studying English for ten years. 我一直在学英语，已达十年之久。3)have +been +过去分词，构成完成式被动语态。例如：English has been taught in China for many years. 中国教英语已经多年。3.助动词do 的用法1)构成一般疑问句。例如：Do you want to pass the CET你想通过大学英语测试吗Did you study German你们学过德语吗2)do + not 构成否定句。例如：I do not want to be

6、 criticized. 我不想挨批评。He doesnt like to study. 他不想学习。In the past, many students did not know the importance of English.过去，好多学生不知道英语的重要性。3) 构成否定祈使句。例如：Dont go there.不要去那里。Dont be so absent-minded.不要这么心不在焉。说明： 构成否定祈使句只用do，不用did和does。4)放在动词原形前，加强该动词的语气。例如：Do e to my birthday party.一定来参加我的生日宴会。I did go there.我确实去那儿了。I do miss you.我确实想你。5)用于倒装句。例如：Never did I hear of such a thing. 我从未听说过这样的事情。Only when we begin our college life do we realize the importance of English. 进了大学以后，我们才认识到英语的重要性。说明： 引导此类倒装句的副词

7、有never, seldom, rarely, little, only, so, well等。6)用作代动词。例如：- Do you like Beijing-你喜欢北京吗- Yes, I do.-是的，喜欢。(do用作代动词，代替like Beijing.)He knows how to drive a car, doesnt he 他知道如何开车，对吧4. 助动词shall和will的用法shall和will作为助动词可以与动词原形一起构成一般将来时。例如：I shall study harder at English. 我将更加努力地学习英语。He will go to Shanghai.他要去上海。说明：在过去的语法中，语法学家说shall用于第一人称，will 只用于第二、第三人称。现在，尤其是在口语中，will常用于第一人称，但shall只用于第一人称，如用于第二、第三人称，就失去助动词的意义，已变为情态动词，试比较:He shall e.他必须来。(shall有命令的意味。)He will e.他要来。(will只与动词原形构成一般将来时。)5.助动词should, w

8、ould的用法1)should无词义，只是shall的过去形式，与动词原形构成过去将来时，只用于第一人称。例如：I telephoned him yesterday to ask what I should do next week. 我昨天给他打电话，问他我下周干什么。比较：What shall I do next week I asked. 我下周干什么我问道。可以说，shall变成间接引语时，变成了should。2) would也无词义，是will的过去形式，与动词原形构成过去将来时，用于第二、第三人称。例如：He said he would e. 他说他要来。比较：I will go, he said. 他说：我要去那儿。变成间接引语，就成了He said he would e。原来的will变成would，go变成了e.。6. 短语动词动词加小品构成的起动词作用的短语叫短语动词。例如：Turn off the radio.把收音机关上。(turn off是短语动词)短语动词的构成基本有下列几种：1)动词+副词，如：black out;2)动词+介词，如：look into;3

9、)动词+副词+介词，如：look forward to。构成短语动词的副词和介词都统称为小品词高一英语知识点：动词的语气 语气有三种:陈述语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气.语气表示说话人对劝词所示示的动作或所处的状态持有的态度或看法.1.辨别if 引导真实条件句和if引导的虚拟条件句的区别If he has time, he will go with us.= Probably he has time and will go with us.If he had time, he would go with us.=But in fact he has no time.如果条件句中的动作和主句的动作不是同时发生，主句和从句的谓语动词的形式应分别根据各自所表示的时间加以调整。1)0If I had received the passport yesterday, I would start today.2)If he had telephoned me last night, I would see him now.3)If he had followed the doctors advice, he would be all right now.4)If China had not been liberated, the working people would still be leading a miserable life.4.should/ could / might/ ought to + have done 表示过去本应该/可以做而实际上却没做n

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