2022年考博英语-哈尔滨师范大学考前模拟强化练习题71（附答案详解）

1、2022年考博英语-哈尔滨师范大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题During the lecture, the speaker occasionally _ his point by relating his own experiences.问题1选项A.illustratedB.hintedC.tiedD.displayed【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. illustrated说明，阐明 B. hinted暗示；透露C. tied（用线、绳等）系，拴 D. displayed陈列；展出【答案】A【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】根据关键词the speaker（演讲者）和his point（他的观点）可推知，空格处表示“阐明观点”，illustrate指用例子、故事或图表阐明，符合句意，故该题选择A项。【干扰项排除】B、C、D项不符合句意。【句意】在讲座中，演讲者偶尔会通过讲述自己的经历来阐述他的观点。2. 单选题Its harmful to ones health to _ smoking and drinking.问题1选项A.take onB.take toC.

2、take inD.take off【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. take on承担；呈现 B. take to喜欢上；养成的习惯C. take in吸收 D. take off起飞【答案】B【考查点】词组辨析。【解题思路】根据关键词harmful可知，抽烟喝酒对健康有害；空格处需要填入一个动词词组，take to表示“开始做某事、养成的习惯”符合句意，故该题选择B项。【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句意。【句意】养成吸烟喝酒的习惯对健康有害。3. 单选题Fred doesnt like white coffee, nor does he like to put cream on his strawberries, because he prefers them _.问题1选项A.naturalB.plainC.simpleD.ordinary【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. natural自然的；天然的 B. plain朴素的；简单的C. simple简单的 D. ordinary普通的；平常的【答案】B【考查点】形容词辨析。【解题思路】按照主句内容“弗雷德不喜欢加牛奶的咖啡，

3、也不喜欢在草莓上加奶油”可推知，他喜欢吃原滋原味的食物，plain可以表示食物等素净、清淡的，所以该题选择B项恰当。【干扰项排除】A项、D项不符合句意；C项指人或事物拥有他们所需要的所有基本或必要的东西，或者某件事物易于理解，不符合语境。【句意】弗雷德不喜欢加牛奶的咖啡，也不喜欢在草莓上加奶油，因为他喜欢原味的食物。4. 单选题There is no _ to the house from the main road.问题1选项A.accessB.exposureC.avenueD.edge【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. access通路；入径 B. exposure面临，遭受（危险或不快）C. avenue（城镇的）大街 D. edge边缘；边线【答案】A【考查点】名词辨析。【解题思路】根据关键词from the main road（从主路）可知，空格处所表达的是去房子的“通道”，所以该题选择A项符合句意。【干扰项排除】B、D项不符合句意；C项是指城镇的大街，故排除。【句意】从大路没有通路到那所房子。5. 单选题He has been _ of murdering the Jap

4、anese visitor.问题1选项A.blamedB.chargedC.accusedD.arrested【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. blamed责怪；指责 B. charged收（费）；控诉C. accused控告；控诉 D. arrested逮捕；拘留【答案】C【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】根据关键信息murdering the Japanese visitor（谋杀日本游客）可推知，空格处应该填入“指控、控诉”，而由介词of可知，be accused of是固定用法，表示“被指控”，故该题选择C项。【干扰项排除】A项不符合句意；B项要与with搭配，charge sb. with sth.表示“控告某人某事”；D项要与for搭配使用，arrest sb. for sth.表示“因某事逮捕某人”。【句意】他被指控谋杀了那名日本游客。6. 翻译题Anyone can make things bigger and more complex, what requires real effort and courage is to move in the opposite d

5、irectionin other words, to make things as simple as possible.【答案】任何人都可以把事情做得更大、更复杂，但真正需要努力和勇气的是朝相反的方向走，换句话说，就是把事情做得尽可能简单。7. 翻译题In the eyes of Chinese, what is important about eating, especially at festivals, is to at in a warm atmosphere.【答案】在中国人看来，吃饭最重要的是在一个温暖的气氛中，尤其是在节日里。8. 单选题Passage twoPsychological tests are tools. Like all tools, their effectiveness depends on the knowledge, skill, and sincerity of the user. A hammer can be used to build a beautiful kitchen cabinet of it can be used as a w

6、eapon of assault. Like a hammer, intelligence tests can be used for positive purposes or they can be abusive. It is important for both the test constructor and the test examiner to be familiar with the current state of scientific knowledge about intelligence and intelligence tests.Even though they have limitations, intelligence tests are among psychologys most widely used tools. To be effective, though, intelligence tests must be viewed realistically. They should not be thought of as a fixed, un

7、changing indicator of a persons intelligence. They should also be used in conjunction with other information about a person and should not be relied upon as the sole indicator of whether a child should be placed in a special-education or gifted class. The childs developmental history, medical background, performance in school, social competencies, and family experiences should be taken into account, too.The single number provided by many IQ tests can easily lead to stereotypes and expectations a

8、bout a person. Many people do not know how to sweeping generalizations about a person are too often made on the basis of an IQ score. Imagine, for example, that you are a teacher sitting in the teachers lounge the day after school has started in the fall. You mention a studentJohnny Jones and a fellow teacher remarks that she had Johnny in class last year, and goes on to say that he was a real dunce, pointing out that his IQ is 78. You cannot help but remember this information, and it may lead y

9、ou to think that Johnny Jones is not very bright so it is useless to spend much time teaching him. In this way, IQ scores are misused and stereotypes are formed.26. According to the author, intelligence tests _.27. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?28. The word “dunce” (Para. 3) stands for _.29. It can be inferred from the third paragraph that _.30. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?问题1选项A.cannot be used as the indicator of a persons intelligenceB.can be used for positive purposes and can also be m

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