持续性动词和瞬间动词

1、持续动词与瞬间动词英语的行为动词有持续性动词和瞬间性动词之分，使用中应注意两者的区别 一、持续性动词study, play, do, read, learn, drive, write, clean, slean, sleep, speak, talk, wait, fly, stay, write, sit, stand, lie, keep等。、瞬间性动词begin, start, finish, go, come,leave, find, get up, arrive,reach, get to, enter,hear, stop, open, close, become, buy, borrow, lend, happen, join, lose, renew, die, take away, put up, set out, put on, get on/off等。以上已集中了初中教材的大部分持续性动词及瞬间性动词 三、用法1、以上两类动词都能用于现在完成时，表示动作到现在为止已结束，例如：He has studied English for three years.（他学英

2、语已有3 年了。）He has joined the Party.(他已入党了。) Mum isnt at home. She has gone to the library.2、持续性动词在完成时中能与表示持续一段时间的状语连用，妈妈不在家，她去图书馆了。）His parents talked with the teacher for half an hour.而瞬间性动词则不能。例如：小时。）（他父母跟老师谈了半个My mother has lain in bed for 3 days.（我母亲生病卧床已经三天了。）Myparents have lived in Shanghai since 1950.（我父母从 1950 年起就住在上海了。）3、瞬间性动词在完成时中如要与表示持续一段时间的状语连用，通常有两种方法：（1）用意思相当的持续性动词来替换，例如：He has been in the army/a soldier for three years.（他参军已有3 年了。） 不能用 has joinedShe has been up for quite some time.（

3、她起床已有好久了。） 不能用 has got up（你哥哥离家已有好久了Has your brother been away from home for a long time? 吗？)不能用 has left初中课本中的常用瞬间动词相应持续性动词关系如1、3、 bacl57、9、11、13、15、17、go-be away come back-bebuy-havedie-be deadfinish-be over close-be closed get to know-know get up-be up join-be in (.2) 用 it is.since.电影已经开映 5分钟 了246810121416） 或 be a.member 18结构来替换瞬间动词，例 如（两种方法）、 come-be here、 leave-be away ( be not here、 borrow-keep、begin-be on、open-be open、 lose-be lost、 turn on-be on、 sit down-sit/be seated、become-beThe film

4、has been on for five minutes.-可编辑修改3天了。（两种方法）He has beenIts five minutes since the film began.他离开上海已有away from Shanghai for three days. It is three days since he left Shanghai.这本书我还给图书馆已有两周了。 （一种方法）（一种方Its two weeks since I returned the book to the library. 他找到他妹妹已有多久了？（一种方法）How long is it since be found his sister?4、瞬间动词的否定形式可以与表示一段时间的状语连用，例如：I havent seen you for a long time. （好久没见到你了。 ）Exercises一、根据所给的词组，把瞬间动词转换为延续性动词 arrive at/in. get to/reach. come/go/move to.T be in /at school/at home/on t

5、he farm/be here/be there1) He got to Beijing five minutes ago.He Beijing for 2) I moved to the USA last year.I the USA since 3) I went home yesterday.I home for 4) They came here last week.They here since come/go back, return T be back come/go out T be out1) He came out two years ago.He for 2) We return to Fuzhou yesterday.We to Fuzhou since become T be1) I became a teacher in 2000.I a teacher for .2) The river became dirty last year.The river dirty for close T be closed ope n T be ope n1) The s

6、hop closed two hours ago.The shop for 2) The door opened at six in the morning.The door for six hours.finish/end get up T be up ; die T be dead ; leave . T be away from . t be overfall asleep/get tot sleept be asleep ； marry t be married ；1) I got up two hours ago.I since .2) He left Fuzhou just now.He Fuzhou for five minutes.3) My grandpa died in 2002.My grandpa for .4) The meeting finished at six.The meeting for six hours.5) I got to sleep two hours ago.I since .6) They married in 1990.They si

7、nce start/begin to do sth.do sth. ; begin be on1) I began to teach at this school in 1995.I at this school since .2) The film began two minutes ago.The film for catch/get a borrow keep ; lose not have ; buy have ; put on wear ;cold T have a cold ； get to know know1) They borrowed it last week.They it since .2) I bought a pen two hours ago.I a pen for .3) I got to know him last year.I him since 4) I put on my glasses three years ago.I my glasses for . have/has gone to T have bee n in He has gone

8、to Beijing.He Beijing for two days. join the league/the Party/the army t be a league/a Party member/a soldier t be a member of the league/the Partyt be in the league/the Party/the army1) He joined the league in 2002.He a for two years.He a the for two years.He the league for two years.2) My brother joined the army two years ago.My brother a for . My brother in for two years. 二、瞬间动词、延续性动词转换：1, The film began 10 minutes ago.2, I got a cold two days ago.3, The film finished 5 minutes ago.4, The man came here ten minutes ago.5, Linda and Frank married in 1989.6, My grandpa died ten years ago.7, I borrowed a book 5 days ago.8, The snake fell asleep ten days ago.9, My parents went out a week ago.10, I bought a bike in 2007.11, He became a teacher 11 years ago.12, The meeting began 5 minutes ago.13, Daisy got up 10 minutes ago.14, He left Nanjing 20 years ago.15, He came here 5 days ago.16, He joined the army in 1999.17, My brother joined the army 2 years ago.欢

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