高中英语2024届高考语法复习主谓一致知识点总结

1、高考英语主谓一致知识点一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致由and 连接主语时and 连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数 并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数如：Like many others,the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search of gold.小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子。 并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数形式如：The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting.那位教授兼作家正在会上发言。His lawyer and former college friend was with him on his trip to Europe.他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行。注意：指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只用一个冠词；指不同的需要分别加冠词；但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可如：The writer and the educator h

2、ave visited our school.The writer and educator has visited our school.A boy and girl are playing tennis. 并列主语前有each,every,many a，no等修饰时谓语动词用单数如：Each doctor and (each)nurse working in the hospital was asked to help patients.Every man,woman and child is entitled to take part in the activity.Every boy and (every)girl admires him for his fine sense of humour.Many a boy and (many a)girl has made the same mistake.No boy and no girl is there now.没有任何男孩和女孩在那里注意：many a跟单数可数名词但是表示复数意义翻译为很多如：Many a student

3、 was disappointed after seeing the movie. 并列主语为不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数如：A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up.The knife and fork has been washed.War and peace is a constant theme in history.注意；常被视为整体的结构A cup and saucer一副杯碟A horse and car马车A knife and fork一副刀叉A law and rule法规A needle and thread一套针线Fish and chips炸鱼加炸薯条The stars and stripes星条旗 由（either)or或neithernor等连接的主语时由eitheror；neithernor；or；not onlybut(also)连接主语时，谓语动词陈述句中就近原则如：Either you or Jane is to be sent to New York.Neithe

4、r you nor he has finished the experiment.Not only the old farmer but also his family were friendly to me.Not only his friends but also he himself is looking forward to taking part in the party. 主语由肯定否定两部分构成谓语跟肯定部分走如：Not you but I am to answer the question.I, not you, am to answer the question.二、单一主语的主谓一致 名词本身自带s作主语时，谓语动词用单数学科名词：physics物理；mathematics/maths 数学；economics 经济学；politics政治学；新闻news；体操Gymnastics如：As we know, Physics is a fundamental subject in science.醒是自然科学中的一门基础学科。Mathematics is a requ

5、ired course for middle school student.数学是中学生的一门必修课。Einstein once said,Politics is much more difficult than physics.注意：当mathematics 表示运算时谓语动词用单数复数皆可如：If my mathematics is/are right, the answer is 56.如果我的运算正确，答案就是56。The television news is at 7clock in the evening every day.Gymnastics is my sisters favourite sport. 有些名词单复数同行根据是单数概念还是复数概念判断谓语如：means 方式方法aircraft飞机works 工厂crossroads 十字路口 deer鹿sheep羊fish鱼This works was build in 1982.By far, three steelworks have been closed down in this city.This mean

6、s of transport has been tried.All possible means have been tried. 由两部分组成的物体名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数如：chopsticks筷子compasses圆规glasses眼镜gloves手套Jeans牛仔裤shoes鞋子scissors剪子shorts 短裤socks短袜trousers 裤子My trousers are white and his clothes are black.我的裤子是白色的，他的衣服是黑色的。Why are your shoes so dirty?注意：如果这些词由单位词（a pair of，a suit of，a piece of,a kind of等）靠饰时，单位词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数如：A pair of scissors is lying in that drawer.These kinds of glasses are popular this summer. 表示国家、人名、书名、组织机构等的专有名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数如：The united States i

7、s a developed countryThe New York Times is widely read in the world. 以-s结尾的群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布等专有名词谓语动词用复数如：The Himalayas have a magnificent variety of plants.植物种类繁多The Niagara Falls are splendid waterfalls. 以-s结尾的名词作主语时谓语动词用复数如：belongings财产clothes衣服plastics塑料制品earnings收入goods货物leavings剩余savings储存All the goods are very expensive. 集体名词作主语时 mankind,humanity,man 作主语时，谓语一般用单数如：Only man knows how to cook.有人懂得烹饪注意：mankind表示“人（类）”有时表示复数意义，其表语是复数。如：Mankind are intelligent animals人是理智的动物. people,police,cattle作主语

8、时，只有单数形式，但却表示复数意义谓语动词用复数如：The police are investigating the riot.The cattle are grazing the the filed.Many cattle were killed for this.注意：people作民族讲时有复数形式。如：There are 56 peoples in China. family,crowd 等作主语时，根据概念确定谓语动词这类集体名词有：Army；assembly；audience；band；class；club；committee；company；congress；youth crew；crowd enemy；family gang；government group herd；jury population；public team 强调整体，用单数谓语；强调个体，用复数谓语。如：The family is going to move to New York.The family have different opinions about their going abroad.T

9、he football club committee arranges all the matches.The football club committee have decided to dismiss him.比较：A family，a group,a class作主语时用单数谓语Families,groups,classes作主语时用复数谓语如：A group is coming to the zoo.人正朝着动物园走来。 baggage/luggage(行李），clothing（衣服），furniture（家具），machinery（机器），poetry(诗），scenery（风景），jewelry（珠宝），equipment（设备）等，是不可数名词，只用单数形式，不用不定冠词（当然更不能用数词）如：Our clothing protects us from (against) the cold.我们的衣服可以御寒。Have you checked all your baggage?你所有行李都托运了吗?注意：machinery,poetry,jewelry,scenery 等相应的个体可数名词是machine,poem，jewel，scene等。如：a poem/a piece of poetry（一首诗），many machines/much machinery /many pieces of machinery（许多机器）。 hair的用法hair（头发，毛发）指全部头发或毛发时，为集合名词（可数）；指几根头发或毛发时，为个体名词（可数）。如：My hair has grown very long.我的头发已

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